• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제53권3호
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• pp.295-299
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• 2014

경남 창원($35^{\circ}$09'18.16"N $128^{\circ}$34'43.63"E)의 단감 과수원에서 2012년과 2013년에 성페로몬 트랩을 이용하여 잎말이나방류 3종의 발생 소장을 조사하였다. 그 결과 차애모무늬잎말이나방(Adoxophyes honmai)과 차잎말이나방(Homona magnanima)은 년 4회 발생하였고, 꼬마홀쭉잎말이나방(Neocalyptis angustilineata)은 년 3회 발생하는 것으로 나타났다. 차애모무늬잎말이나방 발생 최성기는 제1세대가 5월 중순, 제2세대가 7월 상중순, 제3세대가 7월 하순-8월 상순, 제4세대가 9월 중하순으로 나타났다. 차잎말이나방의 세대별 발생 최성기는 제1세대가 5월 중하순, 제2세대가 7월 중순, 제3세대가 8월 하순-9월 상순, 제4세대가 9월 하순-10월 중순으로 나타났다. 꼬마홀쭉잎말이나방은 제1세대가 5월 하순-6월 상순, 제2세대가 7월 하순, 제3세대가 9월 상중순으로 나타났다.

• 아시안잔디학회지
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.293-316
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• 1995

Nitrogen fertilization and cutting practice were studied on turfgrasses and cover plants to investigate the possibility of maintaining green color during the growing season. Research also involved the effect of the nitrogen on a few morphological characteristics of leaf performance elements which might give an information to coloration and life-span of turf leaves. Treatments in the first experiment undertaken on pot included one N level: 350kgN /ha applied as compound fertilizer in split applications of one-half in mid-May and the rest both in late June and August, and four spring-summer cuts: late May, late June, late July and late August. The soil filled in pot a moderately well-drained sandy loam. In the second experiment(field observation) leaf length and width, inflorescence and flowering, and color performance were also investigated. With nitrogen fertilizer applied on turfs, desirable turf color was maintained during a period of poor coloration in specific seasons such as mid-summer for cool season grasses and late fall for warm season grasses comparing to the non-treatment. However, this was not stimulated by cutting treatment to nitrogen status existed. Cutting effect on coloration was more remarkable in both Korean lawngrass and Manilagrass than in cool season turfgrasses such as Italian rye-grass, perennial ryegrass and tall fescue. Especially down-slide of leaf color in cool season turfgrasses could he detected in mid-summer /early fall season ranging up to mid-September. In early November as well as mid-September, Italian ryegrass, perennial ryegrass and tall fes-cue retained a high level of green color as followed by nitrogen application and cutting treatment, and little detectable variation of leaf color notation between cool season turfgrasses was obtained. However, Korean la'vngrass and Manilagrass failed to retain the green color until early November. Color notations in cool season turfgrasses investigated early November on the final date of the experiment ranged from 5 GY 3/1 to 4/8 in 'Ramultra' Italian ryegrass, 'Reveile' perennial ryegrass and 'Arid' tall fescue, but those in Zoysiagrasses were 7.5 YR 4/8 in Korean lawngrass and 2.5 y 5 /6 in Manilagrass. Life-span of leaves was shorter in Italian ryegrass, perennial ryegrass and tall fescue than in beth Korean lawngrass and Manilagrass with and without nitrogen application. In general, leaves appeared in early May had a long life-span than those appeared in late April or mid-June. Nitrogen application significantly prolonged the green color retaining period in perennial ryegrass, Italian ryegrass, Korean lawngrass and Manilagrass, and this was contrasted with the fact that there was no prolonged life-span of leaves emerging in early May and mid-June in tall fescue. SPAD reading values in 48 turfs and cover plants investigated in the field trial were increasing until late June and again decreasing till September. Increasing trends of reading value could be observed in the middle of October in most of grasses. On the other hand, clovers and reed canarygrasses did not restore their color values even in October. Color differences between inter-varieties, and inter-species occurred during the growing season under the field condition implicated that selection of species and /or cultivars for mixture should be taken into consideration. In Munsell color notation investigated in the final date in the middle of November, 32 cultivars belonged under the category of 5 GY and 10 cultivars under the category of 7.5 GY. This was implying that most of cool season turfs and cover plants grown in the center zone of Korean Peninsula which are able to utilize for landscape use can bear their reasonable green color by early or mid-November when properly managed. The applicable possibilities of SPAD readings and Munsell color notation to determine the color status of turfgrasses and cover plants used in this study were discussed.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.104-112
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• 1990

남부지방에서 뽕나무깍지벌레의 기주식물, 생활사 및 천적에 관하여 조사, 연구한 결과는 다음과 같다. 뽕나무깍지별레의 기주식물은 總 22科 74種이 조사되었으며 특히 Prunus層의 核果類에 피해가 많았다. 또한 本蟲은 연 3세대를 경과하며 유충 발생시기는 1세대가 5월 중순~6월 하순, 2세대 7월 중순~8월 중순, 3세대 9월 초순~10월 하순이었으며 최성기는 각각 6월 상순, 7월 하순, 9월 중순이었다. 난, 유충 및 雌成蟲의 개체군 밀도에 있어서는 최초 발생일로부터 각각 10일, 25일, 7일경에 가장 높았으며 뽕나무깍지벌레 천적은 Aphytis diaspidis, Archenomus orientalis, Apterencyrtus morophagus 등 기생봉 3種과 홍점박이무당벌레, 애홍점박이무당벌레, 무당벌레1種 등 3種의 포식충이 조사되었다. 뽕나무깍지벌레와 고약병균 감염은 신초신장과 및점한 관계가 있고 가해받지 않은 가지에 비해서 신초신장이 1/2, 1/4정도 밖에 이루어 지지 않았다.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.21-27
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• 1988

인삼 해충, 큰컴정풍뎅이와 참검정풍뎅이의 형태 및 생화사를 구명키 위해 1984-1986년에 걸쳐 야외조사 및 실내실험을 실시하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 큰검정충뎅이는 형태적으로 모든 충태에 있어서 유사하였으며, 유충은 두폭과 체장에 있어 큰 검풍뎅이가 다소 컸으나 육안으로 식별할 수 있을 정도는 아니었다. 큰검정풍뎅이는 년 1에 발생하여 산란기는 7월 중순-8월 하순에 9월에는 대부분 종유충인 3형충이 된 후 초동하여 이듬해 5월 하순부터 용화하여 6월 하순에는 우화하였다. 참검정풍뎅 2년에 1에 발생하며 산란기는 5월 하순-7월 상순으로 9월에는 대부분 3영춘이 된후 초동하여 이듬해 4월이면 다시 지표 가까이로 올라와 생식을 계속하다 7월 하순부터 용화, 8월 중순부터 우화하여 성충으로 그대로 추동하였다. 우리 나라에서는 대부분 홀수 해에 비산 및 산란하는 것으로 생각된다. 두 종간에 산란기는 서로 비슷하였으나 유충기간 및 용기간은 참검정풍뎅이가 현저히 길었으며, 특히 3영기간은 55일이다.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.21-34
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• 2010

Objectives: The objective of this study was to investigate risk factors for falls in the elderly by life-cycle. Methods: This study used the data on 435 male and female elderly generated from a survey taken at 21 Welfare Centers for the Elderly in Seoul. The incidence of demographic characteristics, physical changes brought about with ageing, health-related behavior, chronic diseases, and environmental characteristics on falls in the elderly was analyzed. Hierarchical Logistic Regression analysis was also conducted to investigate the incidence by life-cycle (early-mid-late stage) and the results were used for predicting falls. Results: The incidence of risk factors on falls varied across life-cycle. Among the elderly in the early (ages from 65 through 74), marital status, the existence of a companion, the quality of sleep, the chronic diseases, and the condition of the bathroom floor were found to be related to falls. Among those in the mid-stage (ages from 75 through 84), sex, marital status, the existence of a companion, hearing capacity, sense of balancing, chronic diseases, the exclusive use of rooms, and the side bar with bath tub were found to affect falls. Finally, for the elderly in their late stage (85 years of age and older), drinking and vision were found to be related to falls. Conclusion: The incidence of risk factors on falls was found to vary according the stage in the elderly. A key implication of this finding is that falls prevention programs and interventions must be catered to specific age sub-groups.

• 한국인구학
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.53-66
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• 1986

This study was carried out to determine the mortality level and it's related demographic factors in Korea since 1942. In order to clarify the changes in structure of mortality and the causes of death, the indices such as Crude Death Rate(CDR) or Life Expectancy at Birth were used. The author examined the mortality levels and major causes of death and performed the relevant demographic analysis. The followings are the summary of this study: 1. The CDR declined rapidly till 1960's. Such improvement slowed down from 1960's to mid 1970's and stabilized afterwards. It was due to the change of age composition, namely, the increase of aging population. 2. The Life Expectancy at Birth increased rapidly till mid 1960's. But elongation of the Life Expectancy slowed down after then. Especially in female, it slowed down more. 3. Changing patterns of major causes of death summarize that, till 1960's infectious diseases were major causes of death, but recently non-infectious diseases like chronic degenerative diseases became more prevalent. 4. The elongation of Life Expectancy at Birth till mid 1960's was mainly resulted by $_4{q}_1$. But the major contributing factor of the improvement in Life Expectancy at Birth in female is he reduction of $_$\infty${q}_{50}$ recently. In male, the improvement in Life Expectancy at Birth is due to the reduction of $_1{q}_0$. recently. 5. The age-sex-specific mortality rates revealed that $_n{q}_x$ declined in common throughout the period, even though there exists some variability of their ranges as age changes. Consequently, this study seems to suggest that the demographic transition in Korea occurred between late 1960's and early 1970's. In other words, the rapid change before late 1960's was eased in early 1970's. The slow change in this period caused a stabilizing pattern. Therefore, the population change is expected to be stabilized continuously.

• Reproductive and Developmental Biology
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.149-154
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• 2013

The aim of this study was to evaluate the changes of protein patterns in granulosa cells and corpus luteum in ovaries during the estrus cycle in cows. The estrus cycle was devided into five steps of follicular, ovulatory, early-luteal, mid-luteal and late-luteal phases. In results, 61 spots of total 85 spots were repeated on follicular phase and 51 spots of total 114 spots were repeated on ovulatory phase. The 40 spots of total 129 spots were repeated on early-luteal phase and 49 spots of total 104 spots were repeated on mid-luteal phase. Also 41 spots of total 60 spots were repeated on late-luteal phase. On the other hands, the 16 spots were indicated difference in follicular phase and ovulation phase had a difference 10 spots. It was showed difference No. 103 spot in ovulation phase, No. 135 spot in early-luteal phase and No. 175 and 176 spots in mid-luteal phase. Also, the 11 spots were expressed specifically in mid-luteal phase and No. 178 and 179 spots were difference of expression in late-luteal phase. We confirmed that there were 7 spots for ovulation, 4 spots for luteinization and 2 spots for luteolysis. Spot No. 89~93 in ovulation phase were transferrin, and spot No.94~98 were HSP60. Spot No. 103 was Dusty PK, spot No. 135 was OGDC-E2, and spot No. 175 and 176 were Rab GDI beta from luteinization. Spot No. 178 and 179 in luteolysis were vimentin. This results suggest that will be help to basic data about infertility.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2022년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.134-134
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• 2022

Mungbean is used for not only seed but sprout, so, consumption of mungbean has been on the rise in Korea. Life cycle of mungbean tends to be short among Legume. For that reason, Mungbean can be harvested for various cropping system and season per regions and farmers regardless of sowing date and harvesting date. So, Prior research is needed about growth characters and life cycle of mungbean per sowing period. Mungebean cultivar 'Dahyun' and 'Sanpo' supplied by Korea Agriculture Technology Promotion Agency(KOAT) is cultivated in wagner pot. Sowing period is proper time of seeding in Jeollanam-do and Gyeongsangnam-do that is major cultivation region of mungbean in korea from early May to mid July every 2 weeks. Length at maturity stage tends to increase from early May(sowing date: 4^th May) to early July(sowing date: 5^th July), but after that, It tends to decrease from mid July(sowing date: 19^th July). Number of branches and nods shows a similar trend. Length of pod has no tendency and no difference per sowing date. Number of pod per plants has also no tendency per sowing date. Test plots sowing in late May has the most number of pods.(Sanpo 22.9pods, Dahyun 16.8) Number of seeds per pod tends to increase to late May and Test plots sowing in mid July has the most number of seed per pod. In case of sowing at early May, Days of emergence is 7d. its summation of temperature is 132.2℃. After that, it tends to decrease to mid June. After mid June, Days of emergence is fixed to 3d. Average temperature growing up in this season, Summation of temperature from sowing to emergence takes the lowest point in test plots sowing in mid June.(Sanpo 88.6℃, Dahyun 88.6) Days of flowering tends to fasten from early May to mid July. Two cultivar shows same level. Days of maturity tends to fasten to mid June, after that tends to slow. In case that many research results about growth characters and life cycle mungbean per sowing period are drawn, it is expected that it result in increase of cultivation area and income of farmer.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제47권4호
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• pp.311-318
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• 2002

Planting date of soybeans [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] is one of production components in cultural systems. The objective of the current study was to identify the components of soybean production and cultural practices encompassing planting dates and cultivars that respond to dry matter accumulation, harvest index and yield components. Three determinate soybean cultivars were planted on May 13 (early), June 3 (mid), and June 24 (late). Planting density was 60$\times$15cm with 2 seeds (222,000 plants per ha). Soybean plants were sampled every 10 days interval from the growth stages of V5 to R8 and separated into leaves including petioles, stems, pods, and seeds. Dry matter accumulations, harvest indices, and yield components were measured. Early planting had taken 55 days from VE to R2 and late planting taken 39 days indicating reduced vegetative growth. Early planting showed higher leaf, stem, pod and seed dry weights than late planting. However, late planting appeared to be higher harvest index and harvesting rate. Vegetative mass including leaf and stem increased to a maximum around R4/R5 and total dry weight increased to a maximum around R5/R6 and then declined slightly at R8. The highest seed yield was obtained with mid planting and no difference was found between early and late plantings. Cultivar differences were found among planting dates on growth characteristics and yield components. The results of this experiment indicated that soybean yield in relation to planting dates examined was mainly associated with harvest index and harvesting rate, and planting date of cultivars would be considered soybean plants to reach the growth stage of R4/R5 after mid August for adequate seed yield.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.73-76
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• 1997

본 연구는 최근 1987부터 1989년까지 충북 충주일대의 참나무림에 극심한 피해를 일으켰던 도토리나방의 생활사를 구명하기 위해 수행되었다. 조사결과 도토리나방은 년 1세대 발생하였고 기주식물로는 상수리나무, 밤나무, 졸참나무, 갈참나무 등이 재 확인되었으며 떡갈나무와 굴참나무가 새로이 추가조사되었다. 본 종은 난으로 월동하여 이듬해 4월 말경부터 부화하여 약 3개월 동안 참나무류를 식해하였다. 8월 중순에 노숙유충은 땅으로 내려와 수풀이나 지피물사이에 고치를 틀고 용화하였다. 성충은 9월 말부터 10월 말에 걸쳐 우화하며 대부분이 10월 중순경에 우화하였다. 산란은 대개 기주식물의 지상과 131 cm정도 높이의 수피틈이나 거친부분에 난괴상태로 산란하며 난괴당 평균 난수는 121개 정도 였다.