• 한국자원리싸이클링학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국자원리싸이클링학회 2001년도 정기총회 특별강연 및 춘계학술연구발표회(2)
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• pp.129-132
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• 2001

The purpose of this research was to understand possibility of foodwaste treatment by hybrid anaerobic reactor(HAR). The Possibility of methane utility and applicability of hybrid reactor system using foodwaste as substrate was investigated. The maximum loading rate and optimized operational conditions were determined. Hybrid anaerobic reactor was filled with packing material 50% of its total volume between the tube and the outer surface. The packing material used was randomly packed open-pore synthesis activated ceramic(SAC) media as support media for microbial attachment, growth, and chemical stability protected bacteria from effect of organic acid accumulation. In this research, although foodwaste has high concentrations C $l^{[-10]}$ and S $O_{4}$$^{2-}$ concentration the possibility of foodwaste anaerobic treatment was when foodwaste is treated by anaerobic digestion, this study focused on the possibility using C $H_4$ gas made under the anaerobic treatment as an alternative energy source. Other objective of this research is to study struvite formation and crystal forms in anaerobic digester. HAR is used to investigate phosphate crystallization without the addition of chemicals.

• 한국잠사곤충학회지
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.150-153
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• 1996

1차 액체배양액과 2차 pellet 배지로 이루어지는 대량배양체계의 다른 곤충병원성 곰팡이인 Beauveria bassiana, Beauveria brongniartii, Metarhizum anisopliae, Verticillium lecanii 등에 대한 효용성을 조사하기 위하여 단균사 및 분생포자의 성장율을 비교하였다. 그 결과, 액체배양액에서 단균사의 성장율은 접종 후 72시간에 그 수가 최초 접종수에 비해 103-104배까지 증가함을 확인할 수 있었으며, pellet 배지에서 분생자의 수는 접종 후 3주 째에 103배까지 증가됨을 확인할 수 있었다. 본 실험의 결과 진균의 대량배양을 위해 선발된 1차 액체배양액과 2차 pellet 배지는 여러 곤충병원성 진균의 성장에 효율적인 체계임을 확인할 수 있었다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제10권5호
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• pp.495-504
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• 1997

Three media, i. e., MOD-SD, M98-5 and M98-5 supplemented with chicken fecal extract were tested as isolation media for anaerobic bacteria present in the duodenum, jeju-ileum and cecum of chicken. The results showed that the mean colony counts of medium M98-5 were similar with those of MOD-SD medium in all intestinal samples at the incubation periods of 2, 6 and 10 days. Supplementation with chicken fecal extract of M98-5 medium significantly increased (p < 0.05) the colony counts of bacteria from the duodenum, jeju-ileum and cecum. The colony counts at 6-day incubation were similar with those at 10-day incubation, but were much higher than the counts at 2-day incubation. The major types of bacteria found in the duodenum and jeju-ileum of chicken were tentatively identified as Lactobacillus, Streptococcus and E. coli. In the cecum, ten tentatively identified groups of bacteria, namely, Streptococcus, Staphylococcus, Lactobacillus, E. coli, anaerobic coccus, Eubacterium, Propionibacterium, Clostridium, Fusobacterium and Bacteroides were isolated. Anaerobes were found to comprise nearly the entire microbial population of the cecum. Predominating in all sections of the intestine were homofermentative lactobacilli. The main Lactotacillus species in chicken intestine were L. acidophilus, L. fermentum and L. brevis.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.691-698
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• 2009

Trickling filter has been extensively studied for the domestic wastewater treatment especially for the small scale plants in rural area. The performance of the trickling filter depends on the microbial community and their activity in the biofilms on the media. Nitrification. denitrification, and phosphorus removal of the trickling filter from the wastewater depend on the activity and the amount of the specific microorganisms responsible for the metabolism. For the estimation of the performance of a trickling filter, batch nitrification experiment and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) were carried out to measure the microbial activity and its distribution on the media of the trickling filter. Batch nitrification activity measurement showed that the top part of the 1st stage trickling filter had the highest nitrification activity and the maximum activity was 0.002 g $NH_4$-N/g MLVSS${\cdot}$h. It is thought that higher substrate (ammonia) concentration yields more nitrifying bacteria in the biofilms. The dominant ammonia oxidizer and nitrite oxidizer in the biofilm were Nitrosomonas species and genus Nitrospira, respectively, by FISH analysis. Less denitrifiers were found than nitrifiers in the biofilm by the probe Rrp1088 which specifically binds to Rhodobacter, Rhodovulum, Roseobacter, and Paracoccus. Phosphorus accumulating bacteria were mostly found at the surface of the biofilm by probe Rc988 and PAO651 which specifically binds to Rhodocyclus group and their biomass was less than that of nitrifiers.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.140-148
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• 2009

The microbial biosurfactants can be substituted to the chemical detergents in some industrial processes. In this study we developed a biotechnological processes for the biosurfactants with microorganisms. The biosurfactants have a lot of advantages in comparision with the chemical surfactants. They are proenvironmental even during and after industrial use. But there are not so many kinds of biosurfactants. The production cost and the end price is much higher than the chemical surfactants. But nowdays there are many kinds of microorganisms, which can produce the surfactants in large quantity and fast. We tried to develop a production process for the large scale with some microorganisms. At first Candida bombicola KCTC 7145, Sphingomonas chungbukensis KCTC 2955 and Sphingomonas yanoikuyae KCTC 2818 are cultivated and studied. For the large scale production process we used molasses as a complex medium and tried to optimize the process. Molasses contains 17 to 25% of water, 45 to 50% of sugar and 25% of carbohydrate, it can be fully used as a substrate. The microorganisms have been cultivated in the diluted media with molasses 2, 5, 8 and 10%, respectively, The optimal conditions for the cultivation and the production process have been studied. For the study the optical density, glucose concentration and the surface tension were measured. Candida bombicola KCTC 7145 and the 5% molasses media was selected as an optimal condition for the production process of a biosurfactant. During cultivation of Candida bombicola KCTC 7145 in the 5% molasses medium kerosene and corn oil were added for promoting the biosurfactants.

• 한국축산시설환경학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.71-80
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• 2011

본 연구는 pilot 목편칩 살수여상 공정을 운전하면서 저농도 축산뇨오수 처리시에 오수 처리 특성과 부착 미생물의 특성에 관하여 연구하였다. 목편 살수여상 처리 효율과 목편담체의 부착미생물을 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 목편담체는 표면구조가 거칠고 여러 형태의 공극을 볼 수 있었고, 목편압축강도는 섬유방향으로 기건상태에서 34.8 N/$mm^2$ 이었고, 비표면적은 0.4123 $m^2$/g, 세공용적은 0.0947 $cm^3$/g 이었다. 2. 목편담체의 단위면적당 부착미생물량은 1.67~5.43 mg/$cm^3$의 분포를 보였고, 제1 목편 살수여상조에서 평균 4,01 mg/$cm^3$, 제2 목편 살수여상조에서 평균 5.05 mg/$cm^3$로 조사되었다. 부착미생물의 건조밀도는 제1 목편 살수여상조에서 평균 0.275 g/$cm^3$, 제2 목편 살수여상조에서 평균 0.245 g/$cm^3$이었다. 목편담체에 부착된 미생물의 생물막 두께는 0.88~4.11 ${\mu}m$의 분포를 이루고, 제1 목편 살수여상조 평균 157 ${\mu}m$, 제2 목편 살수여상조 평균 2.59 ${\mu}m$의 결과를 얻었다. 3. 부착미생물의 균수 측정에서 호기성균은 제1 목편 살수여상조에서 평균 $1.9{\times}10^8$ CFU/ml, 제2 목편 살수여상조에서 평균 $2.6{\times}10^7$ CFU/ml ddjT으며, 혐기성균은 제1 목편 살수여상조에서 평균 $8.5{\times}10^6$ CFU/ml, 제2목편 살수여상조에서 평균 $5.3{\times}10^5$ CFU/ml로 조사되었다. 4. 살수여상 여과수의 $BOD_5$는 원수에서 비교하여 74.5% 제거되었으며 CODcr 제거효율은 51.5%로서 $BOD_5$ 보다 다소 낮았다. T-N 함량은 처리전 844 mg/$\ell$ 에서 살수여상처리 후 325.5 mg/$\ell$ 로 낮아졌다. T-P 함량은 처리전 127.7 mg/$\ell$ 에서 살수여상 처리 후 55.9로 낮아졌다. 질소, 인의 제거효율도 각각 61.4%, 56.2%를 나타내었다.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제47권6호
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• pp.510-517
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to analyze microbial hazards for cultivation environments and personal hygiene of strawberry and tomato farms at the growth and harvesting stage. Samples were collected from thirty strawberry farms and forty tomato farms located in Korea and tested for Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus cereus. To investigate the change in the distribution of the S. aureus and B. cereus, a total of 4,284 samples including air born, soil or medium, mulching film, harvest basket, groves and irrigation water etc. were collected from eight strawberry farms and nine tomato farms for one year. As a result, total S. aureus and B. cereus in all samples were detected. Among the total bacteria of strawberry farms, S. aureus (glove: $0{\sim}2.1Log\;CFU/100cm^2$, harvest basket: $0{\sim}3.0Log\;CFU/100cm^2$, soil or culture media: 0~4.1 Log CFU/g, mulching film: $0{\sim}3.8Log\;CFU/100cm^2$), B. cereus (glove: $0{\sim}2.8Log\;CFU/100cm^2$, harvest basket: $0{\sim}4.8Log\;CFU/100cm^2$, soil or culture media: 0~5.3 Log CFU/g, mulching film: $0{\sim}4.5Log\;CFU/100cm^2$) were detected in all samples. The total bacteria of tomato farms, S. aureus (glove: $0{\sim}4.0Log\;CFU/100cm^2$, harvest basket: $0{\sim}5.0Log\;CFU/100cm^2$, soil or culture media: 0~6.1 Log CFU/g, mulching film: $0{\sim}4.0Log\;CFU/100cm^2$), B. cereus (glove: $0{\sim}4.0Log\;CFU/100cm^2$, harvest basket: $0{\sim}4.3Log\;CFU/100cm^2$, soil or culture media: 0~5.9 Log CFU/g, mulching film: $0{\sim}4.7Log\;CFU/100cm^2$) were detected in all samples. The contamination of S. aureus and B. cereus were detected in soil, mulching film and harvest basket from planting until harvest to processing, with the highest count recorded from the soil. But S. aureus and B. cereus were not detected in irrigation water samples. The incidence of S. aureus and B. cereus in hydroponics culture farm were less than those in soil culture. The amount of S. aureus and B. cereus detected in strawberry and tomato farms were less than the minimum amount required to produce a toxin that induces food poisoning. In this way, the degree of contamination of food poisoning bacteria was lower in the production environment of the Korea strawberry and tomato, but problems can be caused by post-harvest management method. These results will be used as fundamental data to create a manual for sanitary agricultural environment management, and post-harvest management should be performed to reduce the contamination of hazardous microorganisms.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.458-464
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• 2006

토양의 생물학적 복원은 산업화로 무차별하게 오염되어 있는 국내 산업단지 주변과 지하수 환경보전을 위한 경제적 도구로 인식되어왔다. 본 연구는 친환경적 생물복원을 위한 기초자료를 얻기 위하여 유류로 오염된 양토에서 Pseudomonas sp. (KCCM 40055)를 접종한 polyurethane 매체환경을 적용, 유류의 성분중 PAH 분해도를 조사하였다. 다공성 매체로서 재현성이 뛰어나며 미생물 부착에 활용되어 온 polyurethane foam을 사용하여 미생물 부착성을 아울러 조사하였다. 사용된 PU중 최저공극 foam인 SR9-35C/G 의 경우 부착률과 PAH분해율이 가장 높았으며 토양함수율 증가에 따라 그 효율이 증가하였다.

• 생약학회지
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.363-371
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• 2007

Schizandrae Fruits has been used as a traditional Oriental medicine for treatment of many stress-induced diseases. In the present study, we investigated inhibitory activity of enzymatic hydrolysate of Schizandrae fructus (SC-EX) in growth of tested intestinal microorganism and activity of bowel inflammation related enzyme. SC-EX was added to the proteose peptone-yeast extract-fildes (PYF) media to investigation the effect on the growth of type culture of intestinal microorganism. The growth of lactic acid bacteria such as Bifidobacterium species and Lactobacillus species was accelerated by more than 3% concentration of SC-EX. But, growth of harmfulness bacteria such as E.coli, Clostridium sp. Staphylococcus sp. Streptococcus sp. was inhibited by more than 3% concentration of SC-EX. Also, SC-EX was exhibited a concentration-dependent inhibitory activity of the bowel inflammation related enzymes. The SC-EX was showed 76% and 92% inhibitory activity of 5-lipoxygenase and cyclooygenase at 5% additional concentration respectively. Our results indicated that SC-EX may possess improvement effect on the intestinal flora and Anti-inflammatory effect on the bowel.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.134-138
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• 2000

자연계에 다양하게 존재하는 세균중 셀룰로오스 생산성이 우수한 균주를 분리 및 동정함으로서 새로운 생물자원을 확복하고자 하였다 사과, 포도, 식초 등의 시료로부터 총 57주의 셀룰로오스 생산균주를 분리하였다. 그중 사과에서 분리된 A9 균주를 공시균으로 선정하여 형태학적 배양적 및 생리생화학적 특성을 검토한 결과 Acetobacter 속으로 동정되어 편의상 Acetobacter sp. A9로 명명하였다 본 균주는 ethanol을 acetic acid로 산화시킨 후 다시 $CO_2$ 와 $H_2O$. 로 재산화시키는 특성을 가지고 있었다 또한 glycerol로부터 dihydroxyacetone을 생성할 수 있었으나 glucose 및 fructose로부터 ${\gamma}$-pyrone은 생성할 수 없었다. 본균주를 HS액체배지에서 정치배양했을 때 두꺼운 셀룰로오스 pellicle을 합성하였으며 교반배양에서 mass 형태의 셀룰로우스를 합성할 수 있었다.