• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.224-230
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• 1995

Recently, many attempts have been made to use hydrogels of various polymers as delivery systems of various drugs and bioactive materials to prolong and control their phamacological activities. In this study, we have evaluated the physico-chemical properties of methacrylic acid-methyacrylic acid methyl ester copolymer 9Eudispert mv)m a acrylic resin hydorgel, and its application to transdermal delivery system. In the dissolution tests, the release rate of salicylic acid (SA) and sodium salicylate (SOd. SA) were faster than lidocain (LD) and lidocain-HCl(LD-HCl). As the concentration of Eudispert mv polymer increased, the extensibility of Eudispert mu hydrogel decreased, whereas the swelling ratio increased. The more NaOH and polymer concentration increased, the more osmotic pressure linearly increased. The skin permeation of Sod. SA, an acidic model drug, was remarkably enhanced by Eudispert mv hydrogel. All fatty acids, except for Sod. glycolate, dramatically increased the skin permeation flux in Eudispert mu hydrogel containing LD-Hcl, a basic model drug. Consequently, it is suggested that Eudispert mv hydrogel may be used as potential transdermal delivery vehicle.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.260-266
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• 1990

The electrochemical behavior of N-methyl-2-amino-l-cyclopentene-l-dithiocarboxylic acid $(N-CH_3 acdc) and 2-amino-l-cyclopentene-l-dithiomethyl ester (S-CH_3 acdc) in DMF have been investigated by the use of polarography, cyclic voltammetry and coulometry. The dimer of N-CH_3 acdc is further oxidized at +0.98 V via 2-electron process to produce free sulfur atom and cyclization product. The ring formation between two dithio group occurs along with the elimination of one sulfur atom. The elimination of sulfur atom occurs via two electron oxidation process at + 0.98 V vs. Ag/AgCl electrode. However, the cyclization does not occur in the S-CH_3$ acdc.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.501-507
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• 2010

In this study, we evaluate the anti-microbiological activity of paraben in eye shadows that are composed of pigments and oil binders using various analytical methods and microbiological tests. Paraben does not show the microbiological activity properly when it was used with Nylon SP$^{(R)}$ 10, Talc RF SSA$^{(R)}$, OMC Talc AS$^{(R)}$ and $BaSO_4$. In the test of fungi, Nylon SP$^{(R)}$ 10 causes the decrease of microbiological activity regardless of the type of oil binders. The pigment of Mango violet also causes the decrease of microbiological activity when ester oil binder was used. Regardless of the type of oil binder, samples containing nylon SP 10, 0.15% of methyl paraben and 0.05% of propyl paraben had not been able to maintain microbiological activity only if the concentration of parabens were increased. Trace amounts of metal ions present in pigments reduced the activity of preservatives by inactivation of hydroxyl group of paraben. It is thought that swollen nylon SP 10 in ester oil increase the absorption or interaction of parabens and swollen nylon powder causes the inactivation of paraben.

• Mycobiology
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.153-156
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• 2020

Calvatia nipponica, a puffball mushroom (Agaricaceae), is thought to be an aphrodisiac, as this mushroom is traditionally known to improve sexual function in males. As part of the systematic study to determine the bioactive secondary metabolites from C. nipponica responsible for aphrodisiac effects, chemical analysis of methanol (MeOH) extracts of the fruiting bodies of C. nipponica resulted in the isolation of two major compounds: N,N-dimethyl-anthranilic acid (1) and (7Z,10Z)-7,10-octadecadienoic acid methyl ester (2). Compounds 1 and 2 were evaluated for cumulative dose-dependent relaxation responses to precontracted penile corpus smooth muscle (PCCSM). Results show that compounds 1 and 2 exhibited a maximum relaxation effect of 20.33 ± 2.18% and 24.63 ± 3.60%, respectively. These findings indicate that compounds 1 and 2, major components of C. nipponica, could potentially be used to treat erectile dysfunction, functioning as natural aphrodisiacs.

• Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Materials
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.43-46
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• 2012

Organic solar cell devices were fabricated using poly[9-(1-octylnonyl)-9H-carbazole-2.7-diyl]-2.5-thiophenediyl-2.1.3-benzothiadiazole-4.7-diyl-2.5-thiophenediyl] PCDTBT/ [6,6]-phenyl $C_{71}$ butyric acid methyl ester (PC71BM) active layer deposited by spin coating. Moreover, the relationship between solar cell performance and buffer layer thickness was investigated by spin coating speed and AFM imaging of the buffer layer surface. The performance of the organic solar cell with spin-coated active layer was then evaluated, and the power conversion efficiency of the solar cell was determined to be > 5%.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.162-167
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• 2002

To analyse proteins and gene related to antifungal activity, SAR01 strain was isolated from a brown seaweed and identified as Streptomyces sp. by FAME(fatty acid methyl ester) analysis. Antifungal activity deficient mutant(SAR535) of Streptomyces sp. SAR01 was induced by gamma radiation$({60}^Co)$. It was found that 6 specific protein spots appeared only in SAR01 by 2-D electrophoresis analysis. Among them, a protein of 10 kDa had homology of 96% with 10 kD chaperonin cpn 10 (GroES) by Basic Local Alignment Search Tool(BLAST, NCBI) analysis. SAR535 transformants into which groES was transferred by electroporation revealed antifungal activity newly similar with SAR01 It suggested that groES be supposed to be related to the antifungal activity of Streptomyces sp. SAR01.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.62 no.3
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• pp.265-273
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• 2019

This study aimed to evaluate the anti-atherosclerotic and anti-hypertensive effects of six different plant extracts using a N(G)-nitro-L-arginine-methyl ester (L-NAME)-induced rat model of hypertension. All extracts were administered orally for six weeks. At the end of the study period blood pressure, blood flow, aortic histopathology, and hepatic endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) expression were measured. Subsequently, we also measured the levels of intracellular reactive oxygen species, nitric oxide (NO), and anti-inflammatory cytokines in vitro. Based on these screening results, we selected extracts of Cinnamomum cassia (C. cassia) and Salvia miltiorrhiza (S. miltiorrhiza) for further evaluation. C. cassia and S. miltiorrhiza extracts ameliorated hypertension and atherosclerosis in L-NAME-treated rats in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, a mixture of C. cassia and S. miltiorrhiza had an additive effect to reduce blood pressure, increase blood flow, and normalize aortic tissue. This mixture demonstrated anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory activities in vitro. In conclusion, although further analysis of the therapeutic mechanism is required, the anti-hypertensive and anti-atherosclerotic effects of this mixture are likely mediated by increased eNOS expression, and its anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory activities.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.12-18
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• 2006

The transesterification of vegetable oils into Biodiesel at $60^{\circ}C$ was performed on the rotary viscometer. The overall yield(%) of fatty acid methyl ester from canola oil at optimum conditions was 95%. The viscosities of fatty acid methyl esters were predicted by Orrick and Erbarr's model. The overall yield increased as the viscosities of fatty acid methyl esters decreased. The limiting molar ratio of methanol to oil appeared to be 1:5. The content of sodium hydroxide as the optimum catalyst appeared to be 0.5wt%.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.67-72
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• 1986

A stereospecific synthesis of 3-methyl-5-(1-hydroxy-4-oxo-2,6,6-trimethyl-2-cyclohexen-1-yl)-cis, trans-2,4-pentadienoic acid (abscisic acid) from ${\alpha}-ionone$ has been investigated. Ethyl 5-(2,6,6-trimetyl-2-cyclohexen-1-yl)-trans-4-penten-2-ynoate $({\alpha},{\beta}-acetylenic\;ester)$, which was synthesized from alpha-ionone in two steps, was stereospecifically converted in good yield into ethyl 3-methyl-5-(2,6,6-trimethyl-2-cyclohexen-1-yl)-cis, trans-2, 4-pentadienoate $({\alpha}-ionylideneacetate)$ by the conjugate addition of lithium dimethylcuprate at $-78^{\circ}C$. Basic hydrolysis of the ethyl ${\alpha}-ionylideneacetate$ gave an abscisic acid precursor, 3-methyl-5-(2,6,6-trimethyl-2-cyclohexen-1-yl)-cis, trans-2,4-pentadienoic acid, which can be oxidized to yield abscisic acid.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.119-124
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• 1995

Conventional alkaline catalytic procedure, including sodium methoxide-methanol N, N, N', N'-tetramethyl guanidine-methanol, and acid-catalytic methods of $BF_{3}-methanol$ and HCI-methanol, have been applied for preparing methyl esters from the triacylglycerols of Trichosanthes kirilowiil seeds containing conjugated trienoic acids. The alkaline catalytic methods produce the methyl esters quantitatively without isomerization of the conjugated trienoic acids, but the acid-catalytic ones destroy almost the molecules of conjugated trienoic acids during transesterification of the triacylglycerols although the molar ratios of monoenoic and dienoic acids (non-conjugated) to saturated acids are in good agreement with those obtained from the alkaline methods.