• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.864-873
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• 2006

As fuel cells approach commercialization, hydrogen production becomes a critical step in the overall energy conversion pathway. Reforming is a process that produces a hydrogen-rich gas from hydrocarbon fuels. Hydrogen production via autothermal reforming (ATR) is particularly attractive for applications that demand a quick start-up and response time in a compact size. However, further research is required to optimize the performance of autothermal reformers and accurate models of reactor performance must be developed and validated. The design includes the requirement of accommodating a wide range of experimental set ups. Factors considered in the design of the reformer are capability to use multiple fuels, ability to vary stoichiometry, precise temperature and pressure control, implementation of enhancement methods, capability to implement variable catalyst positions and catalyst arrangement, ability to monitor and change reactant mixing, and proper implementation of data acquisition. A model of the system was first developed in order to calculate flowrates, heating, space velocity, and other important parameters needed to select the hardware that comprises the reformer. Predicted performance will be compared to actual data once the reformer construction is completed. This comparison will quantify the accuracy of the model and should point to areas where further model development is required. The end result will be a research tool that allows engineers to optimize hydrogen production via autothermal reformation.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.211-216
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• 1979

Air lift fermentor (ALF) is widely used for production of single-cell protein (SCP) from hydrocarbon and other carbon sources, because oxygen transfer efficiency is believed to be superior in the ALF to that in other conventional fermentors. However, the performance of ALF in terms of mixing is somewhat questionable. In this research, we studied about the performance of the ALF in SCP production using methanol fermentation process as a model system. The results show that ALF could be employed for SCP production or other fermentation processes when substrate is miscible and used at low concentration. With a high substrate concentration, it must be operated under high pressure or low dilution rate to meet the adequate oxygen transfer requirement.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.278-283
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• 2014

Cecropins (Cec) are antibacterial peptides and their expression is induced in a pig intestinal parasite Ascaris suum by bacterial infection. To explore the usefulness of its activity as an antibiotic, CecP4 cDNA was prepared and cloned into the pPICZ B expression vector and followed by the integration into AOX1 locus in Pichia pastoris. The supernatants from cell culture were collected after methanol induction and concentrated for the test of antimicrobial activity. The recombinant P. patoris having CecP4 showed antimicrobial activity when tested against Staphyllococcus aureus in disc diffusion assay. We selected one of the CecP4 clones (CecP4-2) and performed further studies with it. The growth of recombinant P. pastoris was optimized using various concentration of methanol, and it was found that 2% methanol in the culture induced more antibacterial activity, compared to 1% methanol. We extended the test of antimicrobial activity by applying the concentrated supernatant of CecP4 culture to Pseudomonas aeruginosa and E. coli respectively. Recombinant CecP4 also showed antimicrobial activity against both Pseudomona and E. coli, suggesting the broad spectrum of its antimicrobial activity. After improvements for the scale-up, it will be feasible to use recombinant CecP4 for supplementation to the feed to control microbial infections in young animals, such as piglets.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.446-452
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• 2014

Methanol was directly produced by the partial oxidation of methane with four-component mixed oxide catalysts. Four-component(Mo-Bi-Cr-Si) mixed oxide catalysts were prepared by the co-precipitation and sol-gel methods. The catalyst prepared by the sol-gel method showed about eleven times higher surface area than that prepared by the co-precipitation method. From the $O_2$-TPD experiment of the prepared catalysts, it was proven that there exists two types of oxygen species, and the oxygen species that participates in the partial oxidation reaction is the lattice oxygen desorbing around $750^{\circ}C$. The optimum reaction condition for methanol production was $420^{\circ}C$, 50 bar, flow rate of 115 mL/min, and $CH_4/O_2$ ratio of 10/1.5, providing methane conversion and methanol selectivity of 3.2 and 26.7%, respectively.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.58 no.1
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• pp.69-83
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• 2020

Light olefins are important petrochemicals as well as primary building blocks for various chemical intermediates. As the number of ethane cracking center (ECC) process, in which ethylene accounts for most of the production, has increased in recent years, propylene supply is not catching up with steadily increasing propylene demand. This trend makes the conversion of methanol to olefins to get more industrial importance. The methanol to olefins (MTO) process produces methanol through syngas and obtain olefins such as propylene through methanol. Since the reaction from methanol to olefins provides different product compositions depending on the catalyst used for the reaction, it is important to choose an appropriate separation process for the reaction product with different composition. Four different separation processes are considered for four representative cases of product compositions. The separation processes for the reaction products are evaluated by techno-economic analysis based on the simulation results using Aspen plus. Guidelines are provided for selecting a suitable separation process for each of representative case of product compositions in the MTO process.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Applied Microbiology Conference
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• 2002.10a
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• pp.99-99
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• 2002

• 한국연소학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2014.11a
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• pp.249-251
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• 2014

Synthesis gas such as hydrogen and carbon monoxide was produced from $CH_4//oxygen$ mixture using two-section porous media combustor. Heat recirculation through the inner foam structure could extend the flow velocity of stable region over the laminar burning velocity. $H_2/CO$ ratio and module M from concentration of flue gas measured by Gas Chromatography was similar to those calculated by equilibrium. But it was made sure that the heat loss effect becomes more influential than heat recirculation effect as the mixture gets richer. To generate synthesis gas appropriate for methanol production, insulated pressurized porous media combustor will be designed and built in the future.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.229-234
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• 2007

In macrophages, nitric oxide (NO) is released as an inflammatory mediator and has been proposed to be an important modulator of many pathophysiological conditions including inflammation. In this study, we have examined the inhibition effects of NO production by 85% methanol extract of the flower of Pueraria thunbergiana (PF) in mouse macrophages. Extract of PF (1, 10, 100 ${\mu}g/ml$) inhibited NO production, inducible NO synthase and cyclooxygenase-2 expression in interferon-g and lipopolysaccharide-stimulated mouse peritoneal macrophages and it had no cytotoxicity. These data suggest that 85% methanol extract of PF might be useful in controlling macrophages mediated inflammatory disease.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.315-320
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• 1992

The amino acid threonine was produced from glycine and ethanol in a reaction mixture using resting cells of a newly isolated gram-negative methylotrophic bacterium, capable of growth on methanol. The isolate could utilize $C_1$ compounds and a variety of multicarbon substrates as sole carbon and energy source. To obtain cells of isolate with high threonine producing activity, we investigated optimum cultural conditions. Optimal growth was at the initial concentration of 0.5%(v/v) methanol, at $30^{\circ}C$ and pH 7.0. The growth was not affected by antibiotics inhibiting cell wall synthesis, but was completely suppressed by those inhibiting protein synthesis. The optimum reaction conditions from threonine production by resting cells of this strain were found.

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2003.10b
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• pp.147.1-147.1
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• 2003

As an attempt to search for bioactive natural products exerting antiinflammatory activity, we have evaluated the anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive activities of the methanol extract from the Fomes fomentarius (MEFF). MEFF (50, 100 mg/kg/day, p.o.) significantly reduced an acute paw edema induced by carrageenan in rats. When analgesic activity was measured by acetic acid-induced writhing test and hot plate test, MEFF showed a dose-dependent inhibition in animal models. In addition, MEFF potently inhibited the LPS-induced production of NO, $PGE_2$ and TNF-$\alpha$production of macrophages. (omitted)