• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2009.07a
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• pp.1956_1957
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• 2009

전 세계적인 에너지 확보 위기와 $CO_2$ 과다 배출로 인한 지구 온난화 문제에 당면한 현재의 전력산업이 다음 세기에도 지속적으로 성장해 가기 위해서는 에너지 효율 향상과 신 재생에너지에 바탕을 둔 분산전원의 활성화를 통한 환경과의 조화와 더불어 미래 디지털 시대의 에너지 조건을 충족시키기 위한 IT기술과 전력기술의 융합을 통한 자동화되고 지능화된 전력시스템 즉, 스마트그리드로의 변화가 절실히 요구되고 있다. 스마트그리드의 주요 분야 중에서 AMI(Advanced Metering Infrastructure)는 최종 전력 소비자와 전력회사 사이의 전력서비스인프라로, 지능형 전력망(Smart Grid) 구현에 필수적인 핵심 인프라 시스템이며, 공급-수요 상호 인지 기반 수요반응(Demand Response) 실현을 위한 중요 수단이라 할 수 있으며, 다양한 유형의 분산전원체계, 배전지능화시스템 등과 정보 연계 등 미래 지능형 전력망 운용을 위해 요구되는 최우선 지능화 전력망 인프라로 인식되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 AMI 시스템의 해외 구축 동향과 관련 기술 그리고 국내 적용을 위한 방안에 대하여 기술하고자 한다.

• 유체기계공업학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.12a
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• pp.158-165
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• 2005

KOGAS(Korea Gas Corporation) has about a hundred of local stations to supply natural gas to the city gas companies and the power stations. As some severe flow fluctuation phenomena are observed in several governor stations, the investigation about the reasons and factors which are relating to flow fluctuation has been started. Some field surveys hav been carried out and experimental studies have been performed to find the fluctuation mechanism. As a result, it is found that the flow fluctuation is related with the length of straight pipe in front of the meter, the size of the header pipe and the variation of demand at the city gas company and the power station. Furthermore. it is also proved that both the length of the transmitter cable and the status of the coating of signal transmission cable do not affect flow fluctuation, but the measurement range of the differential pressure transmitter influences flow fluctuation. On the other hand, as the averaging the flow fluctuation is converged to less than 0.1 % in almost all of the cases, it is concluded that the quantity of flow fluctuation do not relates to metering accuracy directly.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Agricultural Machinery Conference
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• 2000.11b
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• pp.438-445
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• 2000

Positioning garlic cloves in upright standing in garlic field has been regarded as a very important job because it affects clove rooting, growing and, eventually, quality and yield in garlic production, Because of the geometrical uniqueness and irregularity of garlic cloves in shape, the planting operation has been conducted by manual work that needs a tremendous human labors and increases garlic production cost. The overall objective of this research was to develop garlic planting machine through investigating physical properties of garlic and designing clove upright positioning device after figuring out the factors affecting metering device and upright clove positioning mechanism. With the outcomes of the metering and posture positioning experiment, a garlic clove planter having twelve planting rows was developed for 37kW type tractor and feasibility test was carried out in the field. And, According to the performance test and cost analysis, the planter could accomplish planting operation of one hectare plot in 6.3 hours giving 48 times better efficiency, 6.3hrs/ha, and 74.2% of production cost reduction effect, 1,092,546won/ha, than the manual works of 299hrs/ha and 282,258won/ha. And, break-even point ofthe planter was calculated as of 2.71 hectares.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.9 no.8
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• pp.3103-3120
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• 2015

This paper presents a single-phase energy metering chip with built-in calibration function to measure electric power quantities. The entire chip consists of an analog front end, a filter block, a computation engine, a calibration engine, and an external interface block. The key design issues are how to reduce the implementation costs of the computation engine from repeatedly used arithmetic operations and how to simplify calibration procedure and reduce calibration time. The proposed energy metering chip simplifies the computation engine using time-division multiplexed arithmetic units. It also provides a simple and fast calibration scheme by using integrated digital calibration functionality. The chip is fabricated with 0.18-μm six-layer metal CMOS process and housed in a 32-pin quad-flat no-leads (QFN) package. It operates at a clock speed of 4096 kHz and consumes 9.84 mW in 3.3 V supply.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartD
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• v.10D no.6
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• pp.1041-1048
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• 2003

This paper implements a remote image based metering(IBM) system which capture meter image, recognizes number automatically, and send the data wirelessly through PCS data network. We use existing gas/water meter and get NTSC camera image by installing small monochrome CMOS camera on the meter closely. For remote data transfer, we use SMS (short message service) that is provided by commercial PCS network. We developed DVR(digital video recorder) for capturing meter image and character recognition algorithm. In addition, hardware and software for SMS and meter selector were developed.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.40 no.5
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• pp.664-676
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• 2018

Given the rapidly increasing market penetration of photovoltaic (PV) systems in many fields, including construction and housing, the effective maintenance of PV systems through remote monitoring at the panel level has attracted attention to quickly detect faults that cause reductions in yearly PV energy production, and which can reduce the whole-life cost. A key point of PV monitoring at the panel level is cost-effectiveness, as the installation of the massive PV panels that comprise PV systems is showing rapid growth in the market. This paper proposes an implementation method that involves the use of a panel-level wireless PV monitoring module (WPMM), and which assesses the cost-effectiveness of this approach. To maximize the cost-effectiveness, the designed WPMM uses a voltage-divider scheme for voltage metering and a shunt-resistor scheme for current metering. In addition, the proposed method offsets the effect of element errors by extracting calibration parameters. Furthermore, a design method is presented for portable and user-friendly PV monitoring, and demonstration results using a commercial 30-kW PV system are described.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.809-820
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• 2016

The smart grid, a new open platform, is a core application for facilitating a creative economy in the era of the Internet of Things (IoT). Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI) is one of the components of the smart grid and a two-way communications infrastructure between the main utility operator and customer. The smart meter records consumption of electrical energy and communicates that information back to the utility for monitoring and billing. This paper investigates the impact of a cybersecurity attack on the smart meter. We analyze the cost to the smart grid in the case of a smart meter attack by authorized users based on a high risk scenario from NESCOR. Our findings could be used by policy makers and utility operators to create investment decision-making models for smart grid security.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.1593-1603
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• 2016

In the smart grid environment, there are various security threats. In particular, exposure of smart meter data can lead to serious privacy violation. In this paper, we propose a method for de-identification method of metering data. The proposed method is to de-identify the time data and the numeric data, respectively. Therefore, it can't analyze the pattern information from the metering data. In addition, there is an advantage that the query is available, such as the range of search in the database for statistical analysis.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.275-282
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• 2011

A core device of foam system is the in-line eductor and it is the device to mix the foam liquid into liquid solution proper to the use density and the mixture ratio must be kept regularly regardless of changing fluid condition of the front and rear end of the in-line eductor. However, if the flux of the pressurized water changes, the mixture ratio is not kept regularly, and so it becomes a cause which a performance of fire-extinguishing deteriorates in discharging foam liquid. I devise a method to improve it that the metering orifice type in-line eductor is improved into the metering venturi type in-line eductor, the fluctuation of the mixture ratio to the flux change of the pressurized water is minimized and the performance of fire-extinguishing is kept regularly. As this method is simple in its structure and can be designed at a low cost, it helps for maintenance as well. In the future, it seems to need the research for the metering nozzle type in-line eductor in the future.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.969-977
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• 2021

We cluster the electricity consumption of households in A-apartment in Seoul, Korea using Hierarchical K-means clustering algorithm. The data is recorded from the advanced metering infrastructure (AMI), and we focus on the electricity consumption during evening weekdays in summer. Compare to the conventional clustering algorithms, Hierarchical K-means clustering algorithm is recently applied to the electricity usage data, and it can identify usage patterns while reducing dimension. We apply Hierarchical K-means algorithm to the AMI data, and compare the results based on the various clustering validity indexes. The results show that the electricity usage patterns are well-identified, and it is expected to be utilized as a major basis for future applications in various fields.