• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.73-83
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• 2011

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to investigate anti-allergic effects of Glycyrrhizae Radix(GR) pharmacopuncture and GR extract. Methods : In vivo, animals were gotten GR pharmacopunctures at both sides of ST36s three times for 5 days. Then, we investigated anti-DNP IgE-induced passive cutaneous anaphylaxis of Sprague Dawley rats. In vitro, we measured cell viability, ${\beta}$-hexosaminidase release, and the secretion of interleukin-4(IL-4) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-${\alpha}$) in RBL-2H3 cells after treatment of various concentrations of GR extract. Results : In vivo, we observed inhibition of passive cutaneous anaphylaxis after GR pharmacopuncture treatments at both sides of ST36s and optional points. In vitro, GR extract treatments did not affect cell viability, but inhibited ${\beta}$-hexosaminidase release and the secretion of IL-4 and TNF-${\alpha}$. Conclusions : These results suggest that GR pharmacopuncture and GR extract should be beneficial in the inhibition of allergic inflammatory response.

• 대한한의학원전학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.19-34
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• 2017

Objective : The explanations regarding the function, region, and related internal organ and meridian of Jonggeun as discovered in historical texts were studied in an attempt to understand the true concept of Jonggeun. Method : Texts were searched to extract sentences that are relasted to Jonggeun, and these were used to categorize and analyze the area, related meridian and organ, function, and disease symptom. Thereafter, how Jonggeun affects the whole body and the regions of Jonggeun were contemplated. Result & Conclusion : Jonggeun can be divided into what is related to sexual intercourse, and into sokgol and Ligigwan. Here, things related to sexual intercourse explains the function of penis arousal. The functions of Sokgol and Ligigwan signifies that they serve as the base points for the body when it exercises, and they cooperate with Chungmaek to provide blodo and vitaility to body joints. There are two major differing opinions regarding the region of Jeonggeun. One explains that it exists within the genitalia, and the other sees fit to believe that it exists within small abdomen. Considering the functions of Sokgol and Ligigwan, it is right to view that Jonggeun exists around Gigahyeol, and the view limited to genitalia only considers Jonggeun around sexual intercourse.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.553-558
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• 2010

Nutrient and Blood are really common conceptions in Traditional Korean Medicine(TKM). However, those are used in mixed. not only because of their common points but users who doesn't have clear classifications between them. Therefore, I will explain those owns by explaining origins, places of origons, pathway, circulations, organs related to them and color. In addition, I will try to explain thi things in common without conceptions of their own. As a result, the first, nutrient is what is originated from water and food at middle energizer and circulated in meridian vessel by control of spleen. The second, blood is what is originated from qi of water and food and circulated in blood vessel by control of heart and its color is red. The third, nutrient blood is what is originated from water and food or qi of water and food and circulated in meridian or blood vessel by control of spleen and heart. Also it is red and its function is nourishing human body. The name of Nutrient blood is a new term that I made and it is different from nutrient or blood. Also it is different from nutrient and blood. Nutrient blood is combination by conceptions, nutrient and blood is combination by word itself.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.147-154
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• 2001

Amun(GV15), Habkook(LI4) and Shinsu(B23) have been used as a meridian point for apoplexy, hypertention, vertigo etc. The effects of GV 15, LI4 and B23 on the vascular system is not known. The purpose of this Study was to investigate the effect of several meridian points on the regional cerebral bloof flow(rCBF), mean arterial blood pressure(BP) in rats. The changes of BP and rCBF were tested Laser-Doppler Flowmetry(LDF). Results : The results of this Study were obtained as follows ; 1. GV15 and LI4 were increased significantly rCBF. 2. GV15, LI4 and B23 were increased BP, but have not significance. Conclusion : This results suggest that GV15 was increased rCBF by increasing pial arterial diameter, and LI4 was increased rCBF by increasing BP.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.19-27
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• 2020

The effectiveness of fire needling or warm needling treatment in clinical studies for the treatment of ankle sprains was reviewed using 4 international (PubMed, Cochrane library, EMBASE, CNKI) and 5 Korean databases (NDSL, RISS, KISS, OASIS, KTKP). Randomized controlled trials, that performed fire needling or warm needling treatment for ankle sprains until October, 2018 were retrieved (n = 8). All studies were performed in China, and 7 out of 8 studies were published within the last 5 years. There were 4 studies that used fire needling treatment, 3 studies used warm needling treatment, and 1 study used fire and warm needling treatment. The ashi-points and gallbladder meridian were the most frequently selected acupoint and meridian each. All intervention groups in the 8 studies showed statistically significant beneficial effects compared with control groups. The results of this study could provide preliminary data as the basis for well-designed randomized controlled trials on fire needling or warm needling treatment for ankle sprains.

• 한국지역지리학회지
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.453-465
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• 2008

본 연구는 국토정중앙의 개념 정립과 지리적 위치자원으로서의 가치를 파악하며, 그 활용 방안을 모색해 보는 것이다. 국토정중앙은 중앙경선과 중앙위선이 교차하는 지점이다. 이러한 국토정중앙이라는 지리적 위치자원은 지리교육의 위치교육 자료, 대척점 기준, 측지측량 기준점, 장소마케팅 요소 등으로 활용이 가능하다. 본 연구는 향후 국토 전역에 산재해 있지만, 숨겨져 있는 수많은 지리자원을 개발하는 이른바 지리상의 발견의 한 모델이 될 수 있을 것으로 생각된다.

• 동국한의학연구소논문집
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.35-66
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• 1997

오늘날의 경락체계(經絡體系)는 "영추(靈樞) 경맥(經脈)"을 표준으로 삼아 이론을 전개하고 있다. 그러나 마왕퇴한묘출토의서(馬王堆漢墓出土醫書)가 발굴되어 종래의 경락체계에 수정을 가할 필요성이 생기게되었다. "족비십일맥구경(足臂十一脈灸經)"과 "음양십일맥구경(陰陽十一脈灸經)"은 서로 연변(演變)된 것이 아니고 각자 독립적으로 발전되어 "영추(靈樞)"의 경맥이론에 영향을 끼치게 되었다. 즉 향심맥계(向心脈系)와 순환맥계(循環脈系)로 형성되어 "영추(靈樞)"에 반영되었다. 따라서 이러한 과정을 추구한 것이 본 논문에서 전개한 중심과제이다.

• 동서간호학연구지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.160-169
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• 2007

Background: Hwa-Byung is known as a specific Korean cultural syndrome which corresponds to DSM-IV(MMPI). Some Korean women who have experienced heart aching anger(Hwa-Byung) complain physical pains as well as psychological problems. As for these physical pains, upper limb arthropathy(e.g. golf elbow pains, tennis elbow pains, or shoulder-joint pains) have not been paid attentions. In spite of not having done her excessive physical endeavor or exercise, some Korean middle aged women complain those arthropathy pains. And they go round orthopedics, pain clinics, and oriental medicine clinics. Purpose: This study was practiced in Severance Oriental Medicine Clinic. The oriental medicine doctor had a question about the major origin of upper limb pains which were not caused by excessive physical endeavor. To answer the question, this study has been practiced. In the process of interview with some those women, the major cause of those syndromes has been revealed as Hwa-Byung. The purpose of this study is to discover the meanings of the women's life who have been experienced Hwa-Byung with upper limb arthropathy. Results: These upper limb arthropathy can be explained by meridian theory. Shoulder-joint pain and golf elbow with Hwabyung can be explained by Heart meridian of hand-shoyin and the points of these pains are in the flow of this meridian. Tennis elbow with Hwabyung can be explained by Small intestine meridian of hand-taiyang and this point is in the flow of this meridian. The results of interview with 9 middle aged women was analyzed and interpreted according to Spradley's method of ethnography. The analysis revealed three core cultural themes : 1) There are certainly external cause to provoke Hwa-Byung. A patricentric family system, husband's playing around with another woman, cruel treatment by husband's family, or financial failure may be present anteriorly. 2) The chief existing condition is the discord between husband and wife. The stoppage of mutual communication, lacking in understanding, unfeeling, heartless, or unsympathetic is an major phenomenon of married life. So the important factor is not the sexual relations or problems but the discords of communication. 3) The feeling of anger, the sense of nihility, the desire to escape, and the effort to forgiveness coexist together. At a glance, they seemed to be a process. For example, anger seemed to present at first, then nihility seemed at second, then escape seemed at third, and then forgiveness seemed at last. But at point of visiting clinic to be treated, they are mixed up together as if in a jumble.

• 대한약침학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.91-103
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• 2002

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease. characterized by leukocyte infiltration, a chronic inflammation of the joint, a pannus formation and the extensive destruction of the 3Iticular caJ1ilage and bone. Several proinflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-${\alpa}$(TNF-${\alpa}$), interleukin-1${\beta}$ (IL-1${\beta}$) and interleukin 6 (IL-6) have been implicated in the pathological mechanisms of synovial tissue proliferation, joint destruction and programmed cell death in rheumatoid joint. In the Korean traditional medicine, Hominis placenta (HP) as an herbal solution of herb-acupuncture has been widely used to treat the inflammatory diseases including RA. In order to study the medicinal effect of HP herb-acupuncture on rheumatoid joint, an adjuvant-induced arthritis (AlA) was generated by the injection of 1.5 mg uf Mycobactelium tuberculusis. emulsified in squalene, 10 the base of the tail of Sprague-Dawley(SD) rats. After onset stage of polyarthritis, HP was daily injected to the Zusanti (ST36) acupuncture points in both of rat lags and the expression pattems of cytokines such as TNF-{\alpa}$, IL-1${\beta}$, and 1L-6 at the knee joint were analyzed using immunostaining and RT-PCR. The HP herb-acupuncture was found to be effective to alleviate the arthritic symptums in adjuvant-induced arthritic rats as regards the joint appearance and the expression profiles of inflammatory cytokines. In conclusion, therapeutic effects of HP herb-acupuncture on the rat with AlA might be related to anti inflammatory activities of the hurb-acupuncture.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.255-277
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• 1998

The aim of this experiment was to investigate the effects of Aqua-Acupuncture of Yukmijiwangtang(六味地黃湯) and Palmijihwang-tang(八味地黃湯) water extracts applied at the meridian points BL 23(賢兪) and GV 4(命門) to test the renal function in normal rats. The results obtained were as follows; 1. Among the effects of Aqua-Acupuncture of Yukmijihwangtang water extract at the merdian point BL 23 group, there were significant changes in water balance and urine volume over a 1 week period; Both decreasing and decreasing trends were exihibited. Urinary excretion of sodium and free water clearance changed significantly over a 2 week period; Both decreasing and increasing trends were exihibited, Urinary excretion of potassium, chloride and creatinine, plasma renin activity, plasma levels of aldosterone and atrial natriuretic peptide showed no significant differences compared to the contral group. 2. Among the effects of Aqua-Acupuncture of Palmljihwangtang water extract at the merdian point BL 23 group, there were significant changes in water balance and free water clearance over a 2 week period; a decreasing trend. Urinary excretion of creatinine changed significantly over a 2 week period; an increasing trend. Urinary excretion of chloride changed significantly over 1 week period; an increasing trend. The plasma levels of atrial natriuretic peptide changed significantly over 1 and 2 week period; an increasing trend. Urine volume, urinary excretion of sodium and pottasium, plasma renin activity and plasma level of aldosterone showed no significant differences compared to the control group. 3. Among the effects of Aqua-Acupuncture of Yukmijihwangtang water extract at the meridian point GV 4 group, there was significant decrease in water balance over a 2 week period; there was significant decrease in urine volwne and urinary excretion of sodium and creatinine over a 1 week period, followed by an increasing trend after 2 weeks. Urinary excretion of free water clearance demonstrated significant changes over both 1 and 2 week period; both increasing and decreasing trends were exihibited. Urinary excretion of chloride and plasma levels of aldosterone increased significantly over 1 and 2 week period. Plasma levels of atrial natriuretic peptide also decreased significantly. Plasma renin activity showed no significant differences compared to the control group. 4. Among the effects of Aqua-Acupuncture of Palmijihwangtang water extract at the meridian point GV 4 group, water balance and urinary excretion of chloride, plasma levels of aldosterone decreased significantly over both 1 and 2 week period. Urine volume and urinary excretion of pottasium decreased significantly. Urinary excretion of creatinine and urinary excretion of sodium changed significantly over both 1 and 2 week period. Urinary excretion of free water clearance, plasma renin activity and plasma level of atrial natriuretic peptide showed no significant differences compared to the control group. Seeing these results, I come to know that the effects Aqua-Acupuncture of Yukmijihwangtang and Palmijihwangtang water extracts at the meridian point BL 23 and GV 4 have affected the renal function differently. Seeing the results that BL 23 is a meridian point for Aqua-Acupuncture directly related to the kidney, I think, we can use Aqua-Acupuncture of Yuk-mijihwangtang and Palmijihwangtang water extracts to prevent and to treat the diseases related to kidney.