• Mycobiology
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.188-193
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• 2005

Twenty nine samples of pigeon droppings (n = 12) and soil contaminated with avian excreta (n = 19), collected from different sites in Busan, were examined for isolation and characterization of Cryptococcus neoformans. Of these samples, 5 strains of C. neoformans were recovered from pigeon droppings (5/12 : 41.7%). All isolates were belonged to C. neoformans var. grubii (serotype A). The extracellular enzyme activities of the strains by using the API-ZYM system showed two different enzymatic patterns. The genetic variability among C. neoformans isolates was analyzed by random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) using three 10-mer primers. Two different RAPD patterns, which clearly distinguished the isolates, were identified. Analysis of RAPD patterns provided a good characterization of environmental strains of C. neoformans serotype A as a heterogeneous group and were in good agreement with enzymatic profiles.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.761-769
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• 1996

The random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique was used to characterize 18 reference strains of microalgae, mostly Chlorella species, collected from various localities around Korea peninsular. Eighteen strains consist of four genera of the family marine Chlorella from 12 samples, two genera of fresh water Chlorella from three samples, and three genera on Nannochloris. Twenty 10-mer anonymous primers were screened for amplification of genomic DNA extracted from samples using the CTAB extraction method. Nineteen of these oligonucleotide primers were positive or band producing. Three of 20 random primers (OPA 10, OPA 12, and OPA 18) resulted in both clear band and a high degree of reproducibility and showed some potential to be used to discriminate individual samples of both genetically hetero-and homogeneous populations, in determining phylogenetic relationships between species within a genus and developing individual fingerprints for each samples.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology
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• 1995.04a
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• pp.129-129
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• 1995

ASPS against TGF-${\beta}$ is developing as scar formation inhibitor. The scar was caused by undesired collagen deposition due to overexpression of TGF-${\beta}$ in wounded tissue. The in vitro percutaneous absorption of ASPS(25mer)was investigated by using Furanz Diffusion Cell. The flux of ASPS cannot be found through normal skin due to high molecular weight (MW 10,000) and polyanionic charge. However, the skin permeation of ASPS through tape-stripped damaged skin was markedly increased. The skin fluxs of ASPS were decreased in the following order; hairless mouse> rat >human cadaver skin.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.347-351
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• 1995

Antisense phosphorothioate oligodeoxynucleotide(PS-ODN) against $TGF-{\beta}$ was developed as scar formation inhibitor. The scar was caused collagen deposition due to overexpression of $TGF-{\beta}$ in wounded skin. The percutaneous absorption of partially modified PS-ODN(25 mer) was investigated for the purpose of its effective delivery. Though PS-ODN has high molecular weight (MW=8,000) and polyanionic charge, it was permeated through skin. The skin permeation of PS-ODN was markedly increased by the removal of stratum corneum and dermis. Moreover, the skin permeation of PS-ODN was decreased in the following order; hairless mouse skin>rat skin>human cadaver skin. Thus, PS-ODN represents a logical candidate for further evalution due to the potential for delivery into the wounded skin.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.291-296
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• 1996

Poly(ethylene glycol)(PEG) macromers terminated with diacrylate Iyoups and interpenetrating poly- mer networks(IPN) composed of poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate)(PHEMA) or poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate-co-hydronypropyl methacrylate-co- N-vinyl pyrrolidone ) [ P( HEM A-co- HPM A-co- NVP) ] and PEG macromer were synthesized with the aim of obtaining protein adsorption resistant soft contact lens. Polymerization of PEC macromer resulted in the formation of cross-linked gels due to the multifunctionality of macromer. Crosslinked P(HEMA) or P(HEMA-co-HPMA-co-WVP) chains were interpenetrated into the cross-linked three-dimensional networks of PEG. It was found that albumin adsorption onto the contact lens prepared by P(HEMA-co-HPMA-co-NVP) /PEG IPW decreases with an increase of molecular weight of PEG. Also, it was found that albumin adsorption onto the both contact lens decreases with an increase of concentration of PEC macromer in the IPN preparation. There are also more adequate in the bioinertnen for the contact lens by P(HEMA)/PEG IPN or P (HEMA-co-HPMA-co-NVP)/PEG IPN than that by P(HEMA) or P(HEMA-co-HPMA-co-NVP)

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.6 no.6
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• pp.369-374
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• 1996

The ${\beta}$-lactamase inhibitory protein (BLIP) produced by Streptomyces exfoliatus SMF19 was purified(33 kDa) and the N-terminal amino acid sequence was determined as NH2-ATSVVAWGGNND. Genomic DNA library of S. exfoliatus SMF19 was constructed in pWE15 and recombinants harbouring the corresponding gene were selected by colony hybridization to the mixture of 36-mer oligonucleotide designed from the N-terminal amino acid sequence. The corresponding gene (bliX) was isolated on a 4-kb ApaI fragment of S. exfoliatus SMF19 chromosomal DNA and then sequenced. The bliX consisting of 1, 119bp encoded a mature protein with a deduced amino acid sequence of 342 residues and also encoded a 40-amino-acid signal sequence. No significant sequence similarity to bliX was found by pairwise comparison using various protein and nucleotide sequences.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.33 no.11
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• pp.3597-3600
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• 2012

Thrombin binding aptamter (TBA-15) is a 15-mer guanine-rich oligonucleotide. This DNA apamer specifically binds to the thrombin protein involved in blood coagulation. Using extensive umbrella sampling molecular dynamics simulation method at all atom level, we investigated the potential of mean force (PMF) upon pulling the DNA aptamer from the binding mode of aptamer/thrombin complex. From this calculation, the free energy cost for a full dissociation of this aptamer/protein complex is 17 kcal/mol, indicating a substantial binding affinity of TBA-15. Interestingly, this PMF reveals noticeable plateau regions along the pulling coordinate. Possible structural changes of this complex in the plateau were investigated in details.

• Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.6-10
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• 1998

A plasmid vector containing two reporter genes, mer-lux and lac-GFP, was transformed to both Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas putida. Their cellular activities and biofilm characteristics were investigated in flow-cell units by measuring bioluminescent lights and fluorescent levels of GFP. Bioluminescence was effective to monitor temporal cell activities, whereas fluorescent level of GFP was useful to indicate the overall cell activities during biofilm development. The light production rates of E. coli and P. putida cultures were dependent upon concentrations of HgCl2. Mercury molecules entrapped in P. putida biofilms were hardly washed out in comparison with those in E. coli biofilms, indicating that P. putida biofilms may have higher affinity to mercury molecules than E. coli biofilms. It was observed that P. putida expressed GFP cDNA in biofilms but not in liquid cultures. This may indicate that the genetic mechanisms of P. putida were favorably altered in biofilm conditions to make a foreign gene expression possible.

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.69-81
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• 1997

Up to now 5 Voith Sulzer paper machines with multi-layer headbox and Gapfor-mer are sucessfully running on papckaging papers. Linerboard, testliner and corugating medium is produced in the basis weight range from 105 to 275 $g/m^2$ at machine speeds up to 900 m/min. The nest one, starting up in Oct. ｀96 in Germany, will be the world＇s fastest paper machine for packaging papers. The 5.6 m wide machine is designed for a maximum operating speed of 1200 m/min. Approx. 220.000 tons of corrugating medium and testliner based on 100% waste paper in the basis weight range from 90 to 160 $g/m^2$ will be produced each year. An expansion stage planned for the future is intended to increase annual output to 280.000 tons. This machine will not only be the fastest one for packaging papers, it also comprises all described innovative key components which are available today in order to fulfill growing demands of the future with regard to quality and productivity. The concept of this advanced machine is shown in Fig. 9.

• Journal of Microbiology
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.171-177
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• 1995

Random amplified polymorphic DAN markers were characterized for three taxonomically problematic Penicillium species : P. aurantiogriseum var. Aurantiogriseum, P. verrucosum and P. puberulum, as well as for 25 species of mono, bi-, and terverticillate Penicillia. The relationships among mono, bi-, and terverticillate Penicillium species were determined from these RAPD markers. Eight species from mono-, eight from bi-, and nine from terverticilate Penicillia were examined. With 14 randomly chosen 10-mer primes, a 310 character by 25 species matrix was generated. Phenetic analysis separated the 25 species into three genetically distinct groups that correspond to the different arrangements of penicilli (mono-, bi-, and terverticillate). The results of this study suggest that P. aurantiogriseum var. aurantiogriseum, P. VERRUCOSUM, AND P. puberulum represent genetically distinct species, and that P. vulpinum should be included in terverticilate Penicillia. Phenogram branching patterns indicated that biverticillate species are genetically more similar to monoverticilate species than they are to terverticillate species.