• Transactions of Materials Processing
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.347-355
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• 1999

The paper is concerned with an improved scheme for application of the blank holding force in order to take account of the thickness distribution in the sheet material of the flange region. The scheme incorporates with a modified membrane finite element method for planar anisotropic materials. The new scheme proposed two coefficients α and βto calculate the compressive stress in the sheet metal due to the blank holding force, which should be determined properly for accurate analysis. The effect of αand βon the blank holding force distribution and the deformed shape is investigated with simulation of rectangular cup deep drawing processes by changing parameter values.

• Membrane Journal
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.11-14
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• 1997

Two membrane-rdated research projects are now being developed in Japan and their main target is to develop new inorganic membranes. The first project is the R & D of membranes for carbon dioxide recovery at high temperature, conducted by the Japan Fine Ceramics Center (JFCC) and Japan Fine Ceramics Association (JFCA) under the supervision by the New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization (NEDO). The second one is the R & D of membranes for petroleum refinery and chemical processes, conducted by the Japan High Polymer Center (JHPC) under the supervision by the Petroleum Energy Center (PEC). Cooperating with these projects researchers in many universities and research institutes have been publishing many interesting data of inorganic membranes manufactured by various methods. Many such results are summarized and reported.

• BMB Reports
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• v.47 no.9
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• pp.483-487
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• 2014

Transmembrane 4 L six family member 5 (TM4SF5), as a membrane glycoprotein with 4 transmembrane domains, is similar to the tetraspanins in terms of membrane topology and plays important roles in tumorigenesis and tumor metastasis. Especially, TM4SF5 appears to form a massive protein-protein complex consisting of diverse membrane proteins and/or receptors in addition to cytosolic signaling molecules to regulate their signaling activities during the pathological processes. TM4SF5 is shown to interact with integrins ${\alpha}2$, ${\alpha}5$, and ${\beta}1$, EGFR, IL6R, CD151, focal adhesion kinase (FAK), and c-Src. This review focuses on the significance of the interactions with regards to TM4SF5-positive tumorigenesis and metastasis.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.285-289
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• 2015

Complicated and expensive seawater desalination technology is a big challenge in boron removal process. Conventional seawater desalination process of coagulation utilized for pre-treatment is difficult to remove boron. Boron can be removed more effectively in Reverse Osmosis (RO) process than any other processes. In this study, a coagulant with the name Mineral Cluster was examined its boron removal ability. Boron removal efficiency of Mineral Cluster depended on pH value and Mineral Cluster dosage. Desalination process combines the pre-treatment process with Mineral cluster diluted at the ratio of 1:2500 and the RO membrane process. The original sea water could be desalinated to drinking water quality, 1 mg/L, without any pH adjustments. Therefore, if the Mineral cluster is added without any other chemicals for adjusting pH, the desalination process would be much safer, efficient and economical.

• Proceedings of the Membrane Society of Korea Conference
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• 1995.09a
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• pp.15-20
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• 1995

Two membrane-related research projects are now being developed in Japan and their main target is to develop new inorganic membranes. The first project is the R & D of membranes for carbon dioxide recovery at high temperature, conducted by the Japan Fine Ceramics Center (JFCC) and Japan Fine Ceramics Association (JFCA) under the supervision by the New Energy and Industrial Technologu Development Organization (NEDO). The second one is the R & D of membranes for petroleum refinery and chemical processes, conducted by the Japan High Polymer Center (JHPC) under the supervision by the Petroleum Energy Center (PEC). Cooperating with these projects researchers in many universities and research institutes have been publishing many interesting data of inorganic membranes manyfactured by various methods. Many such results are summarized and reported.

• Particle and aerosol research
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.99-108
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• 2014

Liquid filtration by membrane filters is essential for the preparation of ultrapure water in semiconductor manufacturing processes. The separation of submicrometer particles suspended in ultrapure water with a laminated fibrous membrane filter was studied numerically and experimentally in the present work. We found that an electrical double layer around a single fiber expanded to a large extent at a low ion concentration, as in ultrapure water, and deformed toward the upstream of the fiber with increasing filtration velocity. Since an increase in the electrical double-layer thickness leads to a decrease in the electrical potential gradient, particles with the same polarity as the fiber approach the fiber more easily and are captured at a high filtration velocity. Experimental results also confirmed that the collection efficiency of polystyrene latex(PSL) particles through a PTFE filter became higher as the filtration velocity increased.

• Membrane and Water Treatment
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.95-108
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• 2013

Metal ions exist in seawater, groundwater and industrial wastewaters. These source waters can be recycled if their concentrations are reduced. A number of processes can be applied for this purpose. Liquid-liquid extraction is one of the promising methods. In this paper, experimental results are presented on the removal of Cr(VI) using Aliquat-336, a reactive carrier, in sunflower oil (a non-toxic solvent). The performance of this new system is compared with those of kerosene (a toxic solvent). The extent of removal of Cr(VI) from samples with high and low concentrations are presented. The process was upgraded to a bench-scale module that can selectively remove about 50-90% Cr(VI) from samples of groundwater. Thus this process can produce water within the acceptable range for recycling and for use in secondary purposes such as irrigation.

• Membrane Journal
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.41-50
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• 1993

최근 산업의 고도화 및 다변화호 인한 고순도, 고품위의 제품이 요구됨에 따라 분리공정은 대단히 중요한 공정으로 인정되고 있어 화학공업, 식품공업, 약품공업 등의 공업분야뿐만 아니라 의료, 생화학 및 환경분야에 이르기까지 중요한 연구과제가 되고 있다. 분리공정은 열역학적 상평형 원리에 기인한 분리방법과 물질이동 즉, 이동속도 원리에 기인한 분리방법과 물질이도 즉, 이동속도 원리에 기인한 분리방법으로 구별할 수 있는데 이는 혼합물의 동적 성질, 특히 확산성이나 침투속도가 서로 다른 것을 이용한 것이다. 막을 이용한 분리공정은 막의형태, 조작원리 및 적용분야에 다라 정밀여과, 한외여과, 역삼투, 기체분리 및 투과증발 등으로 분류되며 이는 고분자막에 존재하는 Pore의 크기, 막의 균일성, 대칭성 및 막의 하전형태에 따라 구분한다.

• Proceedings of the Membrane Society of Korea Conference
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• 2004.05a
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• pp.113-116
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• 2004

Water demand and wastewater production is steeply increasing and the gap between water supply and demand is getting wider. Wastewater is considered a major water resource in many countries. Therefore, wastewater reuse has been considered as a promising solution to the shortage of water resources (Madwar and Tarazi, 2002; Fane, 1996; Bodalo-Santoyo et al., 2003; Mohsen and Jaber, 2002; Nicolaisen, 2002; Lawrence2002).(omitted)

• Proceedings of the Membrane Society of Korea Conference
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.119-123
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• 2005

The thermochemical splitting of water has been proposed as a clean method for hydrogen production. The IS process is one of the thermochemical water splitting processes using iodine and sulfur as reaction agents. HI decomposition procedure to obtain hydrogen is one of the key operations in the process, because equilibrium conversion of HI is low (22% at $450^{\circ}C$). The silica membranes prepared by CVD. method were applied to the decomposition reaction of HI vapor. The permeation characteristics of hydrogen and nitrogen belong to the Knudsen flow pattern.