• 한국자원식물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국자원식물학회 2010년도 정기총회 및 춘계학술발표회
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• pp.12-12
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• 2010

We developed droplet-vitrification protocol, a combination of droplet-freezing and solution-based vitrification, and applied to germplasm collections of garlic, potato, lily as well as cell lines, including hairy roots, somatic embryos. To establish a garlic cryobank, four Korean garlic field collections at Danyang, Suwon, Mokpo and Namhae were cryopreserved last five years. The protocol applied consisted of preculture for 3-4 days at $10^{\circ}C$ on solid MS medium with 0.3M sucrose, loading for 40 min in liquid medium with 35% PVS3, dehydration with PVS3 for 150 min, cooling in $5{\mu}l$ droplets of PVS3 placed on aluminum foil strips by dipping these strips in liquid nitrogen, warming them by plunging the foil strips into pre-heated($40^{\circ}C$) 0.8M sucrose solution for 30s. A total of over 900 accessions of garlic were stored in liquid nitrogen for long-term conservation using unripe inflorescences, cloves or bulbils. Twelve alternative plant vitrification solutions were designed by modifying cryoprotectant concentrations from the original PVS2 and PVS3. The results suggest that PVS2-based vitrification solutions with increased glycerol and sucrose and/or decreased DMSO and EG concentrations can be applied for medium size explants which are tolerant to chemical toxicity and moderately sensitive to osmotic stress. PVS3 and variants can be used widely when samples are heterogeneous, of large size and/or very sensitive to chemical toxicity and tolerant to osmotic stress.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제19권12호
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• pp.183-192
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• 2021

시대의 변화와 함께 조직문화 역시 빠르게 변화하고 있으며 이러한 조직문화는 중장기적인 관점에서 기업의 차별적 경쟁우위 확보를 가능하게 한다. 본 연구는 중소기업의 조직 특성을 반영하여 조직문화를 개발문화, 합리문화, 합의문화 세 가지 차원으로 구분하여 이들 문화가 기업의 경쟁우위 향상에 미치는 영향을 살펴보고자 한다. 이를 위해 중소기업을 대상으로 설문을 하였다. 표본 전체적으로 과업 중심적이고 경쟁을 동기요인으로 두고 있는 합리문화가 다른 조직문화보다 더 강하게 편재해 있었으며 개발문화, 합리문화, 합의문화 순으로 경쟁우위 향상에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 이는 첨단성과 생산성을 강조하고 있는 개발문화와 합리문화가 중소기업의 경쟁우위 향상에 더욱 중요함을 의미한다. 또한 종업원 규모에 따른 차이 분석 결과, 종업원 규모가 작을 경우에는 합리문화가 중요했지만, 종업원 규모가 커질수록 개발문화가 기업의 경쟁우위 향상에 중요한 문화임을 알 수 있었다. 본 연구를 통해 중소기업의 규모에 따라 어떠한 조직문화를 강조해야 하는지 파악할 수 있었다.

• 박물관보존과학
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• 제24권
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• pp.55-74
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• 2020

성덕대왕신종은 현재 표면의 문양과 명문을 중심으로 부식물이 존재하고, 일부 마모 흔적이 관찰되는 만큼 보존상태에 대한 디지털 정밀 기록이 필요한 시점이다. 따라서 이 연구에서는 4종류의 3차원 스캐닝과 무인항공사진측량을 이용하여 성덕대왕신종의 디지털 기록화를 수행하였고, 영상처리를 통해 다양한 형상분석을 실시하였다. 먼저 지상레이저스캐닝과 무인항공사진측량의 융합모델링 결과는 성덕대왕신종과 종각의 상호 공간적 관계를 구축할 수 있어 향후 지진에 의한 구조적 변형을 모니터링하는데 기초자료로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다. 또한 선행자료에 비해 4~9배 정도 높은 해상도를 보인 정밀스캐닝 결과는 성덕대왕신종의 문양 및 명문 가시화에 상당히 유용한 정보를 제공했으며, 표면 보존상태 변화를 파악할 수 있는 기초데이터로 매우 적절하였다. 성덕대왕신종의 원형 보존에 3차원 스캐닝 결과를 적극 활용하기 위해서는 단기적으로 추가적인 스캔을 하여 형상변화 시점과 지점을 설정할 필요가 있다. 만약 단기모니터링을 통해 큰 형상 변화가 확인되지 않는다면 중장기모니터링으로 전환할 필요가 있다.

• 생태와환경
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• 제45권3호
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• pp.271-277
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• 2012

본 연구에서는 D. magna의 배양배지로서의 국내 자연수의 적절성을 평가하기 위하여, Elendt M4 배지에서 생산된 태어난 지 24시간 미만 된 어린 D. magna를 Elendt M4 배지, 탈염소 수도수 및 먹는 샘물에 21일 동안 노출시켜 생존율 및 번식능력을 평가하였다. 대조배지인 Elendt M4 배지와 먹는 샘물에서 배양한 D. magna는 어미의 생존율, 첫 배를 생산하는 시기, 생존한 어미 당 생산된 총 어린 물벼룩 평균수, 생존한 어미 당 생산된 죽은 어린 물벼룩 평균수는 2회의 번식시험 모두에서 Jonczyk과 Gilron (2005) 및 OECD No. 211, Daphnia magna Reproduction Test 지침서(OECD, 2008)의 기준을 벗어나지 않았다. 그러나 탈염소 수도수에서 배양을 한 경우에는 2번의 번식시험 모두 어미의 사망률이 20% 이상으로, 배양 13일, 15일, 18일에 사망된 개체가 관찰되었다. D. magna는 경도가 80 mg $CaCO_3\;L^{-1}$ 이상인 물에서 사용을 추천하고 있으나, 본 연구에서 사용된 탈염소 수도수의 경도는 50~53 mg $CaCO_3\;L^{-1}$ 이었다. 탈염소 수도수에서 나타난 지연된 사망률은 배양배지의 급격한 경도 차이에 의한 영향으로 판단된다. 그러므로 국내의 자연수(지하수, 표면수, 탈염소 수도수 등)를 사용하여 D. magna를 배양할 경우, 배양배지의 경도를 100 mg $CaCO_3\;L^{-1}$ 이상 강화시켜 사용하는 것이 필요하다. 그리고 궁극적으로는 국내에 서식하는 토착 물벼룩류를 대상으로 국내 수 환경에 적합한 시험생물을 개발하는 국가적인 연구가 필요하다고 사료된다.

• 벤처혁신연구
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.31-46
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• 2019

소재와 부품은 제조업의 허리 역할을 담당한다. 2018년 우리나라의 소재부품산업의 수출액은 3,162억 달러로 2018년 기준 전체 수출의 52.3%를 차지할 정도로 급성장해 효자산업이 되었다. 이처럼 소재부품산업은 무역흑자를 이끄는 핵심산업이지만 유독 일본과의 관계를 보면 다른 모습을 보인다. 작년 대일무역적자는 240억 달러로 줄었으나 그중 소재부품산업의 적자는 151억 달러로 여전히 60%를 넘는 수준이다. 오늘날 일본이 첨단 소재부품산업에서 최고의 경쟁력을 가지게 된 것은 요인으로는 기업 간의 협력과 공생, 모노쯔쿠리 정신, 장기적인 정부정책 등에서 찾을 수 있다. 우리 경제가 일본의 첨단소재부품산업을 추격하기 위해서는 다음과 같은 인식전환이 필요할 것이다. 첫째, 소재부품산업은 동반성장을 전제로 하며 상생협력이 절대적으로 필요한 동반성장산업의 하나라고 할 수 있다. 일반적으로 소재와 부품은 최종제품이 아니라 중간제품이다. 따라서 소재와 부품은 소비자와 거래가 이루어지는 것이 아니라 기업 간의 거래만 이루어지는 특성을 잘 이해해야 한다. 둘째, 공동기술개발의 확대가 절대적으로 필요하다. 우리나라는 범용 소재부품산업분야에서는 경쟁력을 가진 기술강국이다. 그러나 자세히 살펴보면 중소기업의 기술개발 단계에서 대기업의 참여가 부진해 첨단제품의 개발이 상대적으로 어려운 구조를 가진 것으로 조사되고 있다. 우리나라 소재부품산업은 기술개발단계에서부터 대기업이 참여하여 고객의 다양한 의견을 전달하고 공동 R&D에 참여해야 할 것이다. 셋째, 장기적인 접근이 필요하다. 소재부품산업에서 대일 무역적자의 고착화는 첨단 기술 부족 등 우리나라 소재부품산업의 구조적 취약성이 직접적인 원인이지만 그 배경에는 기술에 대한 문화적 차이가 존재하기 때문이다. 우리가 첨단소재부품산업 분야에서도 경쟁력을 확보하기 위해서는 시간이 걸리더라도 기술과 노하우를 하나씩 쌓아가는 장기적인 접근이 절대적으로 필요하다. 여기에는 기업의 접근뿐만 아니라 정부의 정책도 마찬가지일 것이다.

• 경영과정보연구
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• 제19권
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• pp.49-81
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• 2006

The private college education plays a crucial role both in training and supplying manpower needed for national economic growth and in increasing employability and personal labor earnings of individual workers. In oder for private college education to effectively respond to the rapid changes in industrial and occupational structures, it is necessary to secure appropriate level of investment funds and manage them efficiently. For this, it is required to discuss the structure, magnitude and management mechanism of the current private college education finance, changes in future demand for private college education and resultant changes in budget estimates, and new financial resources and allocation schemes. This study attempted to analyze current status and problems of private college education finance in Korea and, based on this analysis, to suggest future policy directions to improve private college education finance system. In order to make the private college education system in Korea competent and competitive enough to survive in international market, it is prerequisite to provide enough budget for the private college education and to manage the private college education finance in more efficient ways. First, for securing the adequacy and stability of investment budget for the private college education, it is recommended to 1) increase the government budget and put emphasis on the private college education; 2) diversify financial resources and induce financial contribution from private sector such as school juridical persons and enterprises. Second, for higher efficiency of financial management, it is recommended 1) make valid allocation standards and mechanism; 2) introduce competition system; 3) develop and utilize evaluation mechanism for the private college education finance to check adequacy, efficiency, accountability, and effectiveness; 4) apply consumer-oriented financial management scheme. In addition to the above policy measures, it is necessary to 1) make scientific forecasts of industrial and occupational structures periodically and apply these analyses to medium & long-term the private college education planning; and 2) redesign budget accounting system and develop the private college education performance indicators for the evaluation of accountability of the private college education institutions and administration institutes.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.127-142
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• 2024

The amount of wave propagation through a rubber concrete construction is the subject of the current investigation. Rubber tire waste was used to make two different types of cement mixtures. One type contains sand substitute in amounts ranging from 15% to 60% of the total volume, while the other has gravel with diameters of 3/8 and 8/15 and 15% sand in the same mixture. A wide variety of concrete forms and compositions were created, and their viscous and solid state characteristics were assessed, along with their short-, medium-, and long-term strengths. Diffusion, density, mechanical strength resistance to compressive force, and ultrasound wave propagation were also assessed. The water-to-cement ratio and plasticizer were used in this investigation. In the second part of the study, an analytical model is presented that simulates the experimental model in predicting the speed of waves and the frequencies accompanying them for this type of mixture. Higher order shear deformation beam theory for wave propagation in the rubberized concrete beam is developed, considering the bidirectional distribution, which is primarily expressed by the density, the Poisson coefficient, and Young's modulus. Hamilton's concept is used to determine the governing equations of the wave propagation in the rubberized concrete beam structure. When the analytical and experimental results for rubber concrete beams were compared, the outcomes were very comparable. The addition of rubber gravel and sandy rubber to the mixture both resulted in a discernible drop in velocities and frequencies, according to the data.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제48권5호
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• pp.608-617
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• 2020

For efficient use and expansion of domestic small- and medium-diameter woods, cross-laminated wood panels composed of tropical hardwoods and domestic temperate woods were fabricated, and the bending creep behavior under long-term loading was investigated. The bending creep curve of the cross-laminated wood panels showed an exponential function graph with a sharp increase at the top right side. The wood panel composed of a teak top layer and larch core and bottom layers recorded the highest initial deformation, and that composed of a merbau top layer and tulip core and bottom layers showed the lowest initial deformation. Creep deformation of the cross-laminated wood panels showed the highest value in that composed of a teak top layer and larch core and bottom layers and showed the lowest value in that composed of a merbau top layer and tulip core and bottom layers. The obtained creep deformation is 3.1-4.3 times that of merbau, however, it is remarkably lower than that of tulip and larch. The highest relative creep was recorded by the wood panel composed of merbau top layer and larch core and bottom layers, whereas that composed of the teak top layer and tulip core and bottom layers showed the lowest relative creep.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.98-105
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• 2005

Groundwater sampled from 24 tube wells of three districts namely Sherpur, Gaibandha and Naogaon in Bangladesh was appraised for their water quality for irrigation and agro-based industrial usage. All waters under test were slightly alkaline to alkaline (pH = 7.2 to 8.4) in nature and were not problematic for crop production. As total dissolved solid (TDS), all groundwater samples were classified as fresh water (TDS<1,000 mg/L) in quality. Electrical conductivity (EC) and sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) values reflected that waters under test were under medium salinity (C2), high salinity (C3) and also low alkalinity (S1) hazard classes expressed as C2S1 and C3S1. As regards to EC and soluble sodium percentage (SSP), groundwater samples were graded as good and permissible in category based on soil properties and crop growth. All water samples were free from residual sodium carbonate (RSC) and belonged to suitable in category. Water samples were under soft moderately hard, hard and very hard classes. Manganese, bicarbonate and nitrate ions were considered as major pollutants in some water samples and might pose threat in soil ecosystem for long-term irrigation. For most of the agro-based industrial usage, Fe and Cl were considered as troublesome ions. On the basis of TDS and hardness, groundwater samples were not suitable for specific industry. Some water samples were found suitable for specific industry but none of these waters were suitable for all industries. The relationship between water quality parameters and major ions was established. The correlation between major ionic constituents like Ca, Mg, K, Na, $HCO_3$ and Cl differed significantly. Dominant synergistic relationships were observed between EC-TDS, SAR-SSP, EC-Hardness, TDS-Hardness and RSC-Hardness.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제35권8호
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• pp.886-895
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• 2002

Introduction and application of virtual education has been rapidly increased in these days. A variation of information communication technology has an effect on education in interconnect with network as internet in the world that exceed the limit of time and regional. Computer and network communication technology through the medium of internet make an entrance cyber education as a new education paradigm. It must be affective on learner who have various educational characteristics and requirements. It begins to appear quality, quantity improvements of knowledge and the development of information technology that web based cyber education. This study was conducted to develop the web based education program and to evaluate the effectiveness of learning satisfaction and accomplishment and to compare the cyber lecture system with the traditional lecture system During the second semester of 2001, this study was investigated 317 registered students in a "Food and Culture" class at Kyungwon University. The data were obtained from pre and post-study with self-administered questionnaire. The evaluation and satisfaction score of students who were registered in cyberclass was negative tendency to compare pre with post-test scores, because of insuffciency of computer-aided lecture system. The major problem was inconvenient in checking system for connecting times in cyberclass which was one of evaluation point in final score. Another problem was frequently disconnection during cyber studying and not to concentrate each time in the cyber lecture because of eye fatigue, boring due to less interesting contents than other newly developed web-site. The students was prefer to mix type of the cyber and traditional lecture type class. The result of final score an each class, the score of cyber class (71.36 $\pm$ 22.44) was significantly lower than other groups (mixed type : 76.66 $\pm$ 19.99, traditional type :79.17 $\pm$ 15.72) (p < 0.05). Cyber class was attempted to present a useful and interesting teaching and learning tool which can be applied successfully in a longer term. The result suggest that various teaching and learning strategies should be developed considering the fact that the student learn alone most in time.t in time.