• Journal of Acupuncture Research
• /
• v.26 no.2
• /
• pp.15-29
• /
• 2009

Objectives: This study was designed to investigate the correlation between cervical, lumbar lordosis and low back pain(LBP), sex, age and duration of LBP. Methods : Cervical, lumbar lordosis(by Cobb's Method) and Ferguson's angle were measured and evaluated in LBP group and control. Radiograph was taken in lateral direction, erect position. Cobb's angle between C1-C7, C2-C7, L1-L5, L1-S1 and Ferguson's angle were measured and investigated with statistical program. Results: 1. Cervical lordosis have no relation to LBP, sex and age. 2. Lumbar lordosis and Ferguson's angle have no relation to LBP and sex. 3. Cobb's angle L1-L5 have no relation to age. Lumbar lordosis from L1 to S1(Cobb's angle L1-S1) increased in old group(Age>40) compared to young group(Age${\leq}$40). 4. In LBP group, Cobb's angle L1-S1 have no relation to duration of LBP. Lumbar lordosis from L1 to L5(Cobb's angle L1-L5) decreased in acute LBP group compared to Chronic group. Conclusions : Cervical, lumbar lordosis and Ferguson's angle have no relation to LBP and sex. As far as age is concerned, old group have larger lumbosacral lordosis than young group. Acute LBP group have smaller lumbar lordosis(Cobb's angle L1-L5) than chronic group.

• Journal of Korean Foot and Ankle Society
• /
• v.12 no.1
• /
• pp.1-8
• /
• 2008

Purpose: To evaluate the value and limitation of modified Mau osteotomy through the review of 30 feet treated by this procedure. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 30 cases treated with modified Mau osteotomy since 2002. The mean duration of follow-up was 10 months. We reviewed medical records to describe each case and select several clinical factors which related with surgical procedure and could influence on final results. We measured radiographic parameters such as hallux valgus angle (HVA), intermetatarsal angle (IMA), distal metatarsal articular angle (DMAA), sesamoid position and also assessed clinical outcomes by AOFAS score and satisfaction degrees. Results: The mean preoperative HVA and IMA were $40.4^{\circ}$, $17.4^{\circ}$ and the mean amounts of correction were $31.2^{\circ}$ and $11.5^{\circ}$. Amounts of delayed loss of correction were 16.8% in HVA and 19.2% in IMA. Initial HVA, rotational angle and translation distance of the distal fragment, stability of fixation, first ray instability were revealed as significant factors for the final result from this procedure. DMAA was increased by rotation of the distal fragment and decreased by adding translation on the rotation. Conclusion: Modified Mau osteotomy is an effective procedure to get enough correction. But, it is important to try to avoid excessive rotation of the distal fragment because it may worse joint congruity. It may be worthwhile to pay close attention to the direction of saw and stability of fixation.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
• /
• v.30 no.3
• /
• pp.77-93
• /
• 2017

Objectives : Clear and detailed analysis on Pulse-taking on both Carotid and Wrist Pulses is an absolute prerequisite if it is to be applied in real practice or its practical value proven. Methods : The original notes found in Suwen and Lingshu, their translations, and conventional studies regarding Suwen LiuJieCangXiangLun's Pulse-taking are compared and analyzed to find cases within medical texts where this method was used and to get an idea of the direction taken by the conventional study. Results : The ilsung, esung, samsung, and sasung of Carotid (or wrist pulses) refers that the pulse is one-, two-, three-, four-fold in differences. Refrainment should be practiced while comparing carotid and wrist pulses. Rather, they need to be compared with their normal states. Used by Luo Tianyi in Ming Dunasty, this method of pulse-taking was used for (radial artery) when diagnosing and treating the degree of seriousness of food injury. The measurement of maximum blood flow velocity using TCD done recently proved the validity of this pulse-taking, and it's been used for alleviating hypertension or tinnitus through acupuncture, or abating intractable diseases (around carotid). Conclusions : The obscurity of the measuring method of this pulse-taking can be resolved, and the problem which occurs while comparing carotid and wrist pulses can be solved. Even though there are differences in opinion regarding the positions when comparing the two pulses, their practical values are acknowledged since their usages in diagnosis, treatments, experiments, and researches have yielded positive results to a degree. They may not be used that often, but they are nonetheless under utilization.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
• /
• v.50 no.2
• /
• pp.86-97
• /
• 2020

Objective: To propose a three-dimensional (3D) method for evaluating temporomandibular joint (TMJ) changes during Twin-block treatment. Methods: Seventeen patients with Class II division 1 malocclusion treated using Twin-block and nine untreated patients with a similar malocclusion were included in this research. We collected their cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) data from before and 8 months after treatment. Segmentations were constructed using ITK-SNAP. Condylar volume and superficial area were measured using 3D Slicer. The 3D landmarks were identified on CBCT images by using Dolphin software to assess the condylar positional relationship. 3D models of the mandible and glenoid fossa of the patients were constructed and registered via voxel-based superimposition using 3D Slicer. Thereafter, skeletal changes could be visualized using 3DMeshMetric in any direction of the superimposition on a color-coded map. All the superimpositions were measured using the same scale on the distance color-coded map, in which red color represents overgrowth and blue color represents resorption. Results: Significant differences were observed in condylar volume, superficial area, and condylar position in both groups after 8 months. Compared with the control group (CG), the Twin-block group exhibited more obvious condyle-fossa modifications and joint positional changes. Moreover, on the color-coded map, more obvious condyle-fossa modifications could be observed in the posterior and superior directions in the Twin-block group than in the CG. Conclusions: We successfully established a 3D method for measuring and evaluating TMJ changes caused by Twin-block treatment. The treatment produced a larger condylar size and caused condylar positional changes.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
• /
• v.13 no.4
• /
• pp.397-402
• /
• 1995

Purpose : To determine the perturbation effect in the tissue downstream from surface layers of lesions located in the air/tumor-tissue interface of larynx using 6MV photon beam. Materials and Methods : Thermoluminescent dosimeters(TLDs), were embedded at 3 measurement locations in slab no. 7 of a humanoid phantom and exposed to forward and backward direction using various field sizes($4{\times}4cm^2\;-\;15{\times}15cm^2$). Results : At the air/tissue interface, forward dose perturbation factor(FDPF) is about 1.085 with $4{\times}4cm^2,\;1.05\;with\;7{\times}7cm^2,\;1.048\;with\;10{\times}10cm^2$ and $1.041\;with\;15{\times}15cm^2$. Backscatter dose perturbation factor(BDPF) is about 0.99 with $4{\times}4cm^2$, 0.981 with $7{\times}7cm^2$, 0.956 with $10{\times}10cm^2$ and 0.97 with $15{\times}15cm^2$. Conclusion : FDPF is greater as field size is smaller. And FDPF is smaller as the distance is further from the air/tissue interface.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
• /
• v.16 no.3
• /
• pp.1-7
• /
• 2004

1. Objectives This research is purposed to present developmental direction of traditional Korean medicine, through summarizing original medical mind of traditional Korean medicine. 2. Methods It was researched as bibliographic study with chief writings of traditional Korean medicine such as "DongEuiBoGam(東醫寶鑑)" and "Dongyi Suse Bowon(東醫壽世保元)" 3. Results and Conclusions (1) Huh Jun regarded Three Precious(三要: 精, 氣, 神) as important factors in Morpho-imaginary viewpoints. So he suggested finding out the pathological states according to the states of Three Precious. (2) As Huh Jun recognized that the essence(精) is the origin of the body, he suggested the medical mind of laying emphasis on the essence. And he suggested that circulating of the essence is important to health and longevity, which is different from previous trational medicne laying emphasis on the tonifying of five organs(五臟). (3) Dong-mu suggested diagnostic method that is to find out "Natural Principle of Organ(臟腑性理)" by observation of "Knowing-Acting(知行)" and "Morphological aspect and Temper(體形氣像)". And he suggested finding out pathological states according to states of "Good Qi of each constitution(體質正氣)". (4) Dong-mu recognized that the disease should be treated by recovering "Good Qi of each constitution" with both pharmacotherapy and non-pharmacotherapy. So he uggested the medical mind of laying emphasis on "Good Qi of each constitution", which is different from previous trational medicne laying emphasis on the tonifying of five organs. (5) To be brief, Huh Jun layed emphasis on the essence and Dong-mu layed emphasis on "Good Qi of each constitution". Emphasizing internal vitality which is applyed to treatment and prevention of disease is the original medical mind of traditional Korean medicine.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
• /
• v.45 no.3
• /
• pp.159-168
• /
• 2015

Purpose: This study was performed to compare the metal artifacts from common metal orthodontic brackets in magnetic resonance imaging. Material and Methods: A dry mandible with 12 intact premolars was prepared, and was scanned ten times with various types of brackets: American, 3M, Dentaurum, and Masel orthodontic brackets were used, together with either stainless steel (SS) or nickel titanium (NiTi) wires. Subsequently, three different sequences of coronal and axial images were obtained: spin-echo $T_1$-weighted images, fast spin-echo $T_2$-weighted images, and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery images. In each sequence, the two sequential axial and coronal images with the largest signal-void area were selected. The largest diameters of the signal voids in the direction of the X-, Y-, and Z-axes were then measured twice. Finally, the mean linear values associated with different orthodontic brackets were analyzed using one-way analysis of variation, and the results were compared using the independent t-test to assess whether the use of SS or NiTi wires had a significant effect on the images. Results: Statistically significant differences were only observed along the Z-axis among the four different brands of orthodontic brackets with SS wires. A statistically significant difference was observed along all axes among the brackets with NiTi wires. A statistically significant difference was found only along the Z-axis between nickel-free and nickel-containing brackets. Conclusion: With respect to all axes, the 3M bracket was associated with smaller signal-void areas. Overall, the 3M and Dentaurum brackets with NiTi wires induced smaller artifacts along all axes than those with SS wires.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
• /
• v.34 no.3
• /
• pp.49-64
• /
• 2021

Objectives: This study analyzed medical records and online survey of mothers who received herbal medicine treatment using the Jeollabuk-do Postpartum Health Support Project. Through this, we would like to discuss the proposal of a postpartum questionnaire of korean medicine for the initial examination, and the project direction. Methods: This study investigated the medical records of 46 mothers who received herbal medicine treatment using the Jeollabuk-do Postpartum Health Support Program at one korean medical hospital. The mother's general characteristics, past history, symptoms, and herbal medicine prescription were analyzed. In addition, through the 33 mothers who responded to the online survey questionnaire, 13 items including medication satisfaction, lactation, and side effects were investigated. Results: The average age of the subjects was 34.46±4.27 years. Musculo-skeletal pain was the most common in both medical records and online surveys. The date of visit from the date of delivery was 47.56±57.15 days. Boheo-tang was prescribed the most, and 84.8% of mothers answered positively about their health after taking herbal medicine. Conclusions: The satisfaction of mothers who received herbal medicine treatment through this project was very high. There were no significant side effects on the mother and the breastfeeding baby who took herbal medicine. In the future, support projects for postpartum korean medical treatment at the national or local level will be necessary.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
• /
• v.35 no.4
• /
• pp.97-114
• /
• 2022

Objectives : Background research on the history of Huangbo's taste being written as 'pungent' was undertaken, after which its clinical meaning was examined from the medical perspective that was behind the medicinal's taste designation. Furthermore, through various understandings on the 'pungent' taste within the process of clinical application, the meaning of 'pungent' in Korean medicinal research was re-evaluated. Methods : Description of Huangbo's taste as 'pungent' as written in medical texts were chronologically examined to determine its origin. The clinical meaning of the pungent taste of Huangbo was examined within the broad medical perspective of doctors who were behind these descriptions. Results & Conclusions : The pungent taste of Huangbo was first described by Zhang Yuansu, followed by doctors of the Yishui School such as Li Dongyuan, Wang Haogu, etc., during which such knowledge was established and contributed to recognition of Huangbo's effect as tonifying Kidney deficiency and treatment of fire within water, after reaching the Kidney. Li Dongyuan understood the meaning of Huangbo's pungent taste as eliminating Yin fire and restoring the upward direction, ultimately restoring the general 'Rising-Falling-Floating-Sinking' mechanism within the context of his inner damage treatment. On the other hand, Zhu Danxi interpreted the pungentness of Huangbo based on his understanding of the nature of fire and action towards it. It seems as Huangbo's effects were understood within a relatively narrow frame, application of its pungent taste became vague, which gave rise to criticism by later period doctors, ultimately leading to an ambiguous understanding of the pungent taste of Huangbo.

• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
• /
• v.27 no.2
• /
• pp.73-84
• /
• 2023

Objectives : We tried to propose the direction of Korean medicine education through the consideration of 'professionalism as a competency beyond knowledge-skill' that modern medicine should take and therefore the perspectives of the competency-based curriculum in Korean medicine education. Methods : Competency-based curriculum, professionalism education phase and competency at medical school, student demand survey, Korean medicine education Accreditation Standards, and related research articles were used. Results : Proposed development measures to cultivate students' professionalism in Korean medicine education are as follows. self-care and emotional stability programs, communications between patient and doctor and among the colleagues, career exploration programs based on global medical trends and government policy, standardized professional training programs, and the evaluation of teaching experiences and achievements. Conclusions : The main purpose of the reorganization of the competency-based curriculum should be for improving Korean medicine education. The contents of phase performance, process performance, and course performance should be carefully organized so that the core contents and spirit of traditional Korean medicine can be achieved. In modern medicine, education of professionalism has been used to cover the problems that arise from taking achievement goals only from a biomedical perspectives. Accordingly the education of professionalism is also important in Korean medicine education as the modern Korean medicine follows the aspect of modern medicine,