• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.54 no.4
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• pp.285-292
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• 2022

The education and training system, the ISCO (International Standard Classification of Occupations), and the legal systems of Japan and the United States consider all ophthalmic optometry laboratory personnel as ophthalmologists. They encompass optometrists, orthoptists, optometric technicians, and ophthalmic medical technicians. Data retrieved from the KOSIS (Korean Statistical Information Service) revealed that the number of opticians associated with the department of ophthalmology in 2022 could be appraised by classifying their medical institutions; contrarily, the number of clinical laboratory technologists could not be assessed. However, the current research investigated a general tertiary hospital and determined that clinical laboratory technologists outnumber opticians. Classification in Korea is based on ophthalmic optometry laboratory personnel, ISCO, ISCED (International Standard Classification of Education), the medical service act, the act on medical service technologists, and the higher education act. These results cannot be compared to the optometrists evaluated in the United States. Ophthalmology is a suitable profession for optometric technologists and technicians who perform under the instructions of ophthalmologists and optometrists. The field of eye healthcare would be benefitted by assigning the management based on their qualification according to the requirement of the job title, such as 'Clinical Optometry Technologist' to be given to clinical laboratory technologists and opticians who work in the ophthalmic optometry laboratories after obtaining a private qualification endowed by the Korean Ophthalmological Society and the Korean Optometry Society.

• The Korean Society of Law and Medicine
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.149-176
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• 2022

South Korean law strictly prohibits engagement in medical activities by non-medical practitioners. In the country, tattooing is classified as a medical practice, and non-medical practitioners who engage in it are penalized because they are unauthorized to carry out this procedure. In reality, however, people rarely seek tattooing services from medical personnel. Arguing that their freedom of job selection is violated, non-medical personnel who make a living as tattoo artists reject the characterization of the procedure as a form of medical treatment and demand the decriminalization of tattooing by non-medical practitioners. Nevertheless, tattooing can cause health- and hygiene-related dangers when it is not performed by medical professionals because it involves penetration into the skin using needles. Hence, stringent management is necessary for infection prevention. The gap between reality and the law gives rise to the need for proactive thinking about the institutionalization of tattoo practice by non-medical personnel. Policymakers should reflect on the fact that only minimal tattooing services are currently performed by medical staff while also accounting for health and safety. On this basis, this study examined tattoo-related legislation in South Korea to determine whether the procedure corresponds to medical practice and identify ways to solve problems that occur from the perspective of health care. As a response that promotes safety and reflects reality, this research proposed a three-phase approach.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.29-37
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• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate how empowering leadership effects on growth needs and turnover intentions to emergency medical technicians. Methods: The study was based on seventy six paramedics and seventy EMTs-basic who were working at the fire stations. A survey questionnaire was used to prove connection between empowering leadership, growth needs, and turnover intentions. Results: There was a positive correlation between empowering leadership and growth needs, and negative correlation between empowering leadership and turnover intentions. There was a positive correlation between emergency medical technicians growth needs and turnover intentions. Conclusion: This analysis is empirically applied to study the empowering leadership focused on the empowerment act of leader to a leading role to empowerment in fire service organization.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.159-163
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• 2010

A mixture of several detoxified bacterial strains ($Sterodin^{(R)}$) has been studied for anti-inflammatory effect in Wistar rats on carrageenin, dextran and prostaglandin $E_1$ ($PGE_1$) induced edema in acute model and cotton pellet and carrageenin induced sub-acute model, while, Freund's adjuvant induced chronic model. The bacterial strains showed strong inhibitory activity in acute, sub-acute and chronic models of inflammation. Further, it reduced ${\alpha}1$ acid glycoprotein and ${\alpha}2$ macroglobulin levels in serum and prostaglandin $E_2$ in inflamed paw. These results indicated that the bacterial strains probably act through prostaglandin mediatory pathways and may be useful in treatment of inflammation.

• Anatomy and Cell Biology
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• v.56 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2023

From the era of pre-historic times, the ancient Indians and the Greeks highlighted the importance of body and organ donations thereby emphasizing the need for anatomical sciences in medicine through the use of effective dissections for the same. However, after the Renaissance, there was a surge in dissections throughout the world, particularly in Europe, as a result of which various laws were enacted by governments concerning the procurement of bodies for the purpose of scientific dissections, which were later promulgated throughout the world through various anatomical acts. The situation in India was quite similar to that of Britain until its independence in 1947, after which different Indian states formulated their own anatomy acts that had their own merits and pitfalls. Hence, this literature review serves to highlight the various acts throughout history and would serve as a guide to emphasize the future perspectives of formulating a centralized unified anatomy act for the Indian nation that could possibly be the need of the hour.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.16 no.7
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• pp.815-824
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• 2022

The current radiation safety management system is also applied to radiation practices at universities. The application of the law raised concerns about poor radiation practice education and hindering the development of radiology. Accordingly, the Korean Radiology Professors Association needed to grasp the reality of the management system for radiation practice education at each university and the current radiation safety management system in the department of Radiological science. So, a survey was conducted on heads of radiological science departments across the country. Through the survey, it was found that the current application of the Nuclear Safety Act to radiation safety management in the department of Radiological science is excessively restrictive and not very effective. In addition, radiology practice education for the purpose of training health and medical professionals should be controlled by the Ministry of Health and Welfare and the Korea Centers for Disease Control, but there is a problem of being supervised by the Nuclear Safety and Security Commission. Therefore, in this study, as a legal improvement plan to solve this problem, first, a plan according to a partial amendment to the Higher Education Act, second, a plan to be supervised by the Ministry of Health and Welfare through the amendment of article 37 of the Medical Service Act, third, article 20-2 of the Enforcement Decree of the Medical Service Technologists Act was newly inserted to propose three measures to be supervised by the Ministry of Health and Welfare.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.93-112
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• 2017

The adolescent birth rate has doubled in the recent decade. As a result, the Korean government has implemented support for adolescent single-parent families by expanding the scope of coverage of the Single-parent Family Support Act in 2010. In order to understand whether experiences of facility entry programs and the Single-parent Family Support Act for adolescent single-parents were helpful or not, this study verified the relationship to mental health. This study utilized a part of the National Youth Policy Institute's 'Research on the Actual Condition of the Adolescent Pregnancy, Birth and Rearing Children.' Participants of the study were 218 adolescent single-parents at the age of 24 and younger. This study used the research methods of descriptive statistical analysis, ${\chi}^2$test, t-test, and one-way analysis of variance. The findings and discussion of this study are as below: Firstly, the depression level of adolescent single-parents who had been raised by grandparents was higher than other family types to a meaningful standard and adolescent single-parent's cognition of the original family's economic level was related to self-esteem and parenting efficacy. Secondly, the practical single-parent family support policy for adolescent single-parent's pregnancy, birth and rearing children has shown a higher reception rate, and medical service of facility entry programs has a higher satisfaction level. However, some of the facility entry programs and the Single-parent Family Support Act have a low reception rate and it should be considered whether to maintain them or not.Lastly, parts of facility entry programs and the Single-parent Family Support Act for adolescent single-parents have increased self-esteem and parenting efficacy and reduced parenting stress and depression's levels.

• The Korean Society of Law and Medicine
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.263-284
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• 2012

Medical Act. article 2 (3) stipulates that "a korean medicine doctor is in charge of providing korean medical practices and korean medical health guidance". But, without a definition article about korean medical practice, the legal concept of it is defined by supreme court cases according to specific legal trials. To establish the concept of korean medical practice, it must be included that the common parts of practice of medicine involving "the purpose of practice", "the subject of practice", "the object of practice" and "other dangers", as well as the special parts of conceptual elements of korean medical practice involving "korean medicine principle" and "differentiation" and also "manufacturing of korean medicine". Accordingly, the definition of korean medical practice is defined as examining, diagnosing, differentiating, prescribing, manufacturing of korean medicine, treating, korean medical care guiding so as to treat diseases and to promote and to maintain health, based on korean medicine as traditionally handed down from the nation's ancestors and korean medicine principle which is scientifically developed and applied and also includes a practice that will cause physiological danger to human body and/or bring harm to public health and sanitation if it is not perfomed by korean medicine doctor.

• Korean Journal of Oriental Medicine
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.19-28
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• 2009

Objectives : The lawsuits associated with medical practice in Korean medicine are increasing gradually. However, the clear definition for medical practice in Korean medicine has not been existed in Korean law. Only we may understand the concept regulated by judicial precedents of the court of justice or the authoritative interpretation by the government. Methods : For study, a database was established for medical lawsuits involving Korean medicine(1968~2009, n=130). Results : According to court rulings, the medical practice in Korean medicine is an act to diagnose a person's illness, prescribe and treat to cure based on traditional Korean medicine, to be understood as a medical care, to have some factor to create or increase danger for the preservation of health or hygiene, and to be practiced by medical specialists based on their professional knowledge. Conclusions : But, such definition is not proper and exceedingly vague. Besides medical circumstances Koreans Medicine are changing, and new precedent to the definition of the practice of medicine is establishing. Therefore the meaning and scope of the medical practice in Korean medicine should be modified and amended, reflecting these conditions.

• Korean journal of medical education
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.359-364
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• 2018

Purpose: Learning physiological concepts and their practical applications in the appropriate contexts remains a great challenge for undergraduate medical students. Hence the present study aimed to analyze the learning experience of undergraduate medical students during an active learning process of 'preparation of models' depicting physiological concepts. Methods: A total of 13 groups, involving 55 undergraduate medical students with three to five individuals in each group, were involved in model preparation. A total of 13 models were exhibited by the students. The students shared their learning experiences as responses to an open-ended questionnaire. The students' responses were analyzed and generalized comments were generated. Results: Analysis of the results showed that the act of 'model preparation' improved concept understanding, retention of knowledge, analytical skills, and referral habits. Further, the process of 'model preparation' could satisfy all types of sensory modality learners. Conclusion: This novel active method of learning could be highly significant in students' understanding and learning physiology concepts. This approach could be incorporated in the traditional instructor-centered undergraduate medical curriculum as a way to innovate it.