• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.67-71
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• 2002

Capsaicin (trans-8-methyl-N-vanillyl-6-nonenarnide), a major pungent component of hot pepper, is known to exert antioxidative properties. In this study, we investigated the protective effects of capsaicin against chemical carcinogen-induced oxidative damage in rats. Male Sprague Dawley rats weighting 230~250 g were treated with chemical carcinogens such as 2-nitropropane (2NP) or n-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) after (or before) the administration of capsaicin at doses of 0.5, 1,5 mg/kg. The level of lipid peroxidation in rat liver was estimated by measuring the amounts of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances. The degree of oxidative DNA damage was evacuated by measuring a DNA adduct, 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), in urine. Antioxidative activities of capsaicin and its metabolites in vitro were determined by the measurement of DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl), a radical quencher. Significant inhibition of 2-NP induced lipid peroxidation was observed in the liver of the rat when treated with capsaicin. MNNG-induced urinary excretion of 8-OHdG was decreased by capsaicin treatment. Capsaicin and its metabolites inhibited net only the formation of free radicals, but also lipid peroxidation in vitro. Our results show that capsaicin may function as a free radical scavenger against chemical carcinogen-induced oxidative cellular damage in vivo. The observed antioxidative activities of capsaicin may play an important role in the process of chemoprevention.

• Journal of Music and Human Behavior
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.33-56
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• 2005

The purpose of this study is to measure the effect of musical activities on children's aggressiveness using percussion playing through case studies and to present the therapeutic programs. Musical activities using percussion playing were organized for three aggressive children. Twenty-one small group sessions were conducted over seven weeks with 30 minutes given each session. Fourth-grade children involved in using Aggressiveness Measuring Tool for Teachers-revised by Gwak Geum-Joo(1992) was selected for case studies. Children's impulsiveness was also tested through self-test measuring tool for impulsiveness-revision of 16 questions used by Cho Hae Yeon (2001) and Lee Joo Shik (2003). As quantitative method, comparative analysis was made between the pre and post test results using measuring tools for aggressiveness and impulsiveness of children as well as between aggressive behaviors occurring in the initial stage of the first three sessions and in the latter stage of the last three sessions. Qualitative method was used at the same time to examine the effect of percussion playing on children. After the musical activities, child A showed reduced Aggressive Measuring Tool scores from 19 to 18, with child B from 23 to 19 and child C from 21 to 18. The results show that occurrence of aggressive behaviors were lowered in the post test. Impulsiveness Measuring Tool scores in the post test were decreased as well in all three children. During the music therapy programs, it was also observed that the frequency of the target behaviors in all three children has reduced more in the latter stage than the initial stage of music therapy. The qualitative findings indicate that the children experienced releasing stress through self-expression after percussion playing. These findings indicate therapeutic effectiveness of music therapy using on percussion playing in reducing aggressiveness of children as well as the effectiveness of percussion as a therapeutic intervention for aggressive children. These results can be adapted and reapplied by teachers in primary schools to approach children with behavior problems, and can present a useful therapeutic approach to therapists practicing in clinical environments.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.63-75
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• 2006

Purpose: This study was aimed to specify roles of nurses from the anesthesia and recovery room by analyzing nursing activities as well as anesthesia nursing during surgery. Method: The objects were 12 RNs working in the recovery room of a university hospital located in Incheon. Self-report was performed by measuring stop-watch for five days from May 17th to May 21st in 2004. Research method was designed to record the time and frequency of the nursing activity from anesthesia and recovery room based on nurses' statement and other references for five days. The data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, ANOVA, and t-test via SPSS Win 10.0 program. Result: Nursing activities in anesthesia recovery room were classified into two different characteristics such as direct and indirect nursing activity. The activities consisted of 11 direct nursing areas and 39 nursing activities in anesthesia preparation room. The indirect nursing was classified into 8 nursing areas and 32 nursing activities. The direct nursing was classified into 12 nursing areas and 55 nursing activity. Also, the indirect nursing was classified into 7 nursing areas and 21 nursing activities in recovery room. In terms of prevalence of nursing activities in the anesthesia preparation room, observation and cooperation of anesthesia was the most prevalent activity, drug and eqipment management the second prevalent, and drug administration the third. On the other hand, in the recovery room, the most prevalent activity was vital sign checking and observation, the second most prevalent activity informative activity, and the third body temperature control. Nursing activity time was recorded according to the nursing characteristics. In the anesthesia preparation room, the direct nursing spent for 8092.20 minutes was larger than the indirect nursing spent for 7198.50 minutes. Also, in the recovery room, the direct nursing spent for 2361.16 minutes was larger than the indirect nursing spent for 1134.13 minutes. 4. Nursing activity time was compared to duty shifts. In the anesthesia preparation room, the direct nursing was more prevalent on day shift and the indirect nursing was prevalent on evening shift. However, in the recovery room, both direct and indirect nursing activities were prevalent on day shift. Conclusion: The role of anesthesia and recovery room nurses was analysed according to the time, frequency, and its characteristics.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.53-77
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• 2012

Financial firms, especially large scaled firms such as KB bank, NH bank, Samsung Card, Hana SK Card, Hyundai Capital, Shinhan Card, etc. should be securely dealing with the personal financial information. Indeed, people have tended to believe that those big financial companies are relatively safer in terms of information security than typical small and medium sized firms in other industries. However, the recent incidents of personal information privacy invasion showed that this may not be true. Financial firms have increased the investment of information protection and security, and they are trying to prevent the information privacy invasion accidents by doing all the necessary efforts. This paper studies how effectively a financial firm will be able to avoid personal financial information privacy invasion that may be deliberately caused by internal staffs. Although there are several literatures relating to information security, to our knowledge, this is the first study to focus on the behavior of internal staffs. The big financial firms are doing variety of information security activities to protect personal information. This study is to confirm what types of such activities actually work well. The primary research model of this paper is based on Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) that describes the rational choice of human behavior. Also, a variety of activities to protect the personal information of financial firms, especially credit card companies with the most customer information, were modeled by the four-step process Security Action Cycle (SAC) that Straub and Welke (1998) claimed. Through this proposed conceptual research model, we study whether information security activities of each step could suppress personal information abuse. Also, by measuring the morality of internal staffs, we checked whether the act of information privacy invasion caused by internal staff is in fact a serious criminal behavior or just a kind of unethical behavior. In addition, we also checked whether there was the cognition difference of the moral level between internal staffs and the customers. Research subjects were customer call center operators in one of the big credit card company. We have used multiple regression analysis. Our results showed that the punishment of the remedy activities, among the firm's information security activities, had the most obvious effects of preventing the information abuse (or privacy invasion) by internal staff. Somewhat effective tools were the prevention activities that limited the physical accessibility of non-authorities to the system of customers' personal information database. Some examples of the prevention activities are to make the procedure of access rights complex and to enhance security instrument. We also found that 'the unnecessary information searches out of work' as the behavior of information abuse occurred frequently by internal staffs. They perceived these behaviors somewhat minor criminal or just unethical action rather than a serious criminal behavior. Also, there existed the big cognition difference of the moral level between internal staffs and the public (customers). Based on the findings of our research, we should expect that this paper help practically to prevent privacy invasion and to protect personal information properly by raising the effectiveness of information security activities of finance firms. Also, we expect that our suggestions can be utilized to effectively improve personnel management and to cope with internal security threats in the overall information security management system.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.85-95
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• 2019

Recently, studies on the fourth industrial revolution have been actively conducted in the areas of government, business, and academia. Corporate business models that utilize the major agendas of the fourth industrial revolution such as robots, artificial intelligence, Internet of things (IoT), and block chains have been created, and various changes have occurred in not only business, education, and living environments but also in international relations. In this study, we looked at changes in social contribution activities from the perspective of a company facing impacts of the fourth industrial revolution. This study examines the definition and activities of corporate social contribution and how we can contribute to society through corporate activities. 'AT Educom', LG Uplus 'Social Contribution through IoT', KT's anti-infectious disease prevention platform and cases of Intel using IoT. In addition, we have presented what we need to do in the future to promote corporate social contribution activities that will make more meaningful impacts on how corporate social contribution activities will change according to technology development. The first, measuring the performance of corporate social contribution activities needs a standardized methodology and social contribution activities through platform business and ICT should be actively pursued. Lastly, social contribution activities between companies and sectors will increase.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.174-187
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• 2002

Objectives : This study was carried out to determine whether Kamihaengche-tang plus Yulanijihwang-tang (KCYH) exerts a protective effect against oxidant-induced liver cell injury. Methods : Cell injury was estimated by measuring lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) release, and lipid peroxidation was estimated by measuring malondialdehyde, a product of lipid peroxidation in rabbit liver slices. Results : Oxidants (tBHP and $H_2O_2$) increased dose-dependently LDH release which was significantly prevented by 1% KCYH. The protective effect of KCYH against oxidant-induced cell injury was dose-dependent in the range of 0.05-1 % concentrations. Similarly, KCYH inhibited oxidant-induced lipid peroxidation in a dose-dependent manner. When liver tissues were exposed to Hg (0.5 mM), ALT activity in the medium and lipid peroxidation in tissues were markedly increased. These changes were prevented by 1% KCYH, KCYH restored toxicant-induced inhibition of cellular GSH content. KCYH increased the activities of catalase and glutathion peroxidase in oxidant-treated tissues. Conclusions : These results indicate that KCYH exerts a protective effect against oxidant-induced liver cell injury, and this effect is attributed to prevention of lipid peroxidation. These effects may be due to an increase in concentration of endogenous antioxidants.

• Journal of the HCI Society of Korea
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.75-80
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• 2017

With the technological development, benefits of Virtual Reality (VR) has become a key of medium in communication research. In addition, explaining human minds with physiological data has become more popular since more accurate and detailed data can be expressed. However, reading brain signals in a virtual environment setting with psychophysiological measures (e.g. EEG and fNIRS) has remained a difficulty for researchers due to a technical constraint. Since a combination of cables for brain measures attached to a head cap obstruct wearing a Head-Mounted Display (HMD) over the cap, measuring brain activities with multiple channels on several areas of the brain is inappropriate in the VR setting. Therefore, we have developed a new brain measurement cap that includes probe connectors and brackets enabling a direct connection to the HMD. We highly expect this method would contribute to cognitive psychology research measuring brain signals with new technology.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.43.3-44
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• 2015

Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) at millimeter wavelengths results in the highest angular resolutions achieved in astronomy and has a unique access to emission regions that are inaccessible with any other approach or at longer wavelengths. The simultaneous multi-frequency VLBI system in the Korean VLBI Network (KVN) is considered one of the most effective systems for compensating the atmospheric phase fluctuations, which is particularly bothersome at mm-VLBI. We have been demonstrating its performance and uniqueness at mm-VLBI observations. As a results, international VLBI partners from Japan, China, Australia and EU have expressed their interest on the KVN style simultaneous multi-frequency system. In this talk, we will report the activities for extending the simultaneous multi-frequency system to global VLBI network and introduce its science driver, measuring AGN core-shift effects.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.4 no.4 s.16
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• pp.145-154
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• 2003

The change in environment of construction industry and the advancement of information technology require the improvement of construction project efficiency. However, construction industry still lacks performance-measuring tools that are the requirements of efficient project management system. In case of the schedule management system, schedule is usually being managed by result-oriented measurements such as completion time, spent cost, and progress rate, which are not good enough to control the overall continuity of work-flow. This research aimed to systemize the overall construction process and to develop the indicators for measuring performance of TACT activities during finishing work period that can contribute to the systemization of TACT management.

• Journal of muscle and joint health
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.107-119
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• 2012

Purpose: This study was conducted to extract international classification of functioning, disability, and health (ICF) core sets for measuring functional status in acute stroke patients, and to evaluate clinical applicability of the core sets. Methods: A set of 22 ICF items on functional status in acute stroke patients were extracted from the Korean general ICF core sets and ICF core sets for stroke patients. The extracted ICF functional items were assessed at the time of admission and discharge among 100 stroke patients who were admitted in a university hospital. Results: Comparing to functional status at admission of acute stroke patients, the overall functional status at discharge was improved. However, functions on defecation, skin protection, and relationship with immediate family at the time of discharge were not significantly changed. Conclusion: The set of ICF functional items identified in this study may be reliable and valid to assess acute stoke patients' body functions, activities and participation and environmental factors in the holistic and comprehensive nursing context. Nursing interventions on bowel elimination and skin protection for acute stroke patients need to be developed.