• 한방재활의학과학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.177-185
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• 2014

Objectives This study analyzed the correlation between body parameters measured using X-ray and Chuna posture analysis system to determine their clinical value in diagnosing and evaluating skeletomuscular diseases. Methods X-ray and Chuna posture analysis system were performed for 105 patients to measure physical characteristics such as Interacromial angle, Pelvic obliquity angle, Structural leg length discrepancy (SLLD), Midpatella-midtalus angle (MMA) and Q-angle, Anterior head translation (AHT), Anterior superior iliac spine to posterior superior iliac spine angle (ASIS-PSIS angle), Interscapular angle, Scoliotic angle and Cobb's angle. Statistical analysis using statistical analysis techniques and Pearson correlation coefficients was performed to assess the body parameters obtained by X-ray and Chuna posture analysis system. Results Significant correlations were observed between the values for Interacromial angle, Pelvic obliquity angle, SLLD, MMA and Q-angle, AHT, ASIS-PSIS angle, Interscapular angle, Scoliotic angle and Cobb's angle obtained by X-ray and Chuna posture analysis system. Significant correlations were also observed between right MMA and left Q-angle as well as between left MMA and right Q-angle. Conclusions Chuna posture analysis system can be used instead of X-ray measure body parameters and perform posture analysis in clinical practice. This study's findings are expected to serve as a basis for further research on the clinical application of Chuna posture analysis system.

• 대한방사선치료학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.1-5
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• 2006

목 적: 세기조절 방사선치료의 환자별 정도관리는 이온전리함을 이용한 일정 지점에서의 절대 선량 측정과 필름을 이용한 상대 선량측정의 두 단계로 구성된다. 이온전리함을 이용한 절대 선량 측정은 동일한 지점에서 치료계획상의 점선량과 실제 측정 점선량 간의 일치도에 대한 정보를 제공한다. 일반적으로 정확한 점선량을 측정하기 위해 volume이 작은 0.015 cc 이온전리함(pin point chamber, PTW, Germany)을 사용하고 있다. 그러나 이 경우 이온전리함의 볼륨이 작아 선량의 오차가 크게 나타나는 경우도 있어, 적합한 볼륨의 이온전리함 사용이 권고되기도 한다. 따라서 볼륨이 다른 세 가지의 이온전리함을 이용하여 점선량을 측정하여 치료계획상의 점 선량과 비교해 보고, 0.015 cc 이온전리함을 이용한 세기조절 방사선치료에서의 절대 점선량 측정의 유효성을 평가해 보고자 한다. 대상 및 방법: 두경부(Head & Neck) 종양의 세기조절 방사선치료가 요구되는 환자 6명을 대상으로 Sliding-window 방법의 IMRT 치료계획을 수립하였으며 치료기는 21EX(Varian, USA) 선형가속기의 6 MV 광자선을 사용하였다. 측정 조건은 120 millenium MLC를 이용하여 Gantry 0도에서 300 MU/min의 선량률로 선원-이온전리함(source-axis-distance)거리를 100 cm, 고체팬텀의 표면으로부터 5 cm 깊이에 이온전리함을 위치시켰다. 치료계획용 컴퓨터(CAD-Plan, USA)에서 결정된 결과를 0.015 cc(pin point, type 31014, PTW, Germany), 0.125 cc(micro type 31002, PTW, Germany ), 0.6 cc(famer type 30002, PTW, Germany) 전리함에 각각 조사하여 측정치를 비교 분석하였다. 측정점은 선량값의 변화가 상대적으로 적은 선량 저변동 영역(Low-gradient area)에 위치시켰다. 결 과: 각각의 이온전리함을 이용하여 측정한 결과 0.015 cc의 경우 평균 ${\pm}0.91%$, 0.125 cc의 경우 ${\pm}0.52%$, 0.6 cc의 경우 ${\pm}0.76%$로 0.125 cc 이온전리함의 경우가 모든 측정조건에서 가장 적은 오차를 보였다. 결 론: 세기조절 방사선치료에 있어서 선량의 평가는 매우 중요하다. 방사선치료가 정밀해지는 만큼 정확한 선량평가가 이루어져야 한다. 점선량을 평가하기 위해 제작된 0.015 cc 이온전리함은 작은 출력신호와 큰 신호 대 잡음비가 절대 선량 측정 시 선량오차를 발생시키는 큰 요인으로 작용할 수 있다. 반면에 이온전리함의 볼륨이 큰 경우 출력신호가 크므로 정확한 선량을 반영할 수 있으나, 작은 측정점에 이온전리함을 정확히 위치시키기 어려워 절대 점선량을 측정하기 어려운 단점이 있다. 따라서 본 연구의 결과에서 본 바와 같이 세기조절 방사선치료의 절대 점선량 측정에는 오차가 상대적으로 적은 0.125 cc 이온전리함의 사용이 고려되어야 한다.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.5-16
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• 1985

This study examined the effects of husband's supportive behavior reinforcement education on stress relief of primigravidas. The purpose was to reinforce husbands' supportive behavior and relieve primigravidas' stress. The purposes of this study were to determine lactors influencing Primigravidas' stress and the effect of husbands' supportive behavior reinforcement education on stress relief of primigravidas. The subjects, consisting of 140 primigravidas who registered or visited in three obstetrics and gynecology clinics in J city, were divided into at random experimental and control groups. Data were collectpe from April To July, 1984 through interviews during hospital visits, and by questionaires. The husbands' supportive behavior reinforcement education and the measurement tools were developed by the investigator from the literature and during pilot study: the instruments to measure primigravidas' stress and husbands' supportive behavior were tested for reliability and validity. Personality characteristisc were measured by Chestnuts' Stress Management instrument. T-test, ANOVA, ω², and Pearson Correlation were used in analysing the data to confirm the intensity of the influence and the relation between general characteristics and primigravidas' stress. Pearson correlation and Stepwise Multiple Regression were used to confirm the predictors of primigravidas' stress. Independent variables were compared by means of t-test and χ³-test to confirm significant discrepancy of experimental and control groups. T-test, paired t-test, pearson correlation were used in analyzing the data to confirm the effect of husband's supportive behavior reinforcement education on stress relief of primigravidas. The results of the study are summarized. Results from analyzing the effect of husbands' supportive behavior reinforcement education: There was no significant difference between the general characteristics of the experimental and control groups. And husbands' supportive behavior, personality, marital Satisfaction, natural abortion variables influenced at primigravidas' stress. A hypothetical test by comparative analysis of the measurement of primigravidas' stress and husbands' support behavior between the experimental and the control group before and after the experiment to confirm the effect of husbands' supportive behavior reinforcement education resulted in the following: The first hypothesis that husbands' supportive behavior reinforcement education will increase husbands' support behavior to relieve primigravidas' stress was supported. The second hypothesis that husbands' supportive behavior reinforcement education will relieve primigravidas' stress was supported. As a result, it u·as shown that husbands' supportive behavior reinforcement education relieved primigravidas' stress, and the hypotheses were supported. The third hypothesis that the higher the degree of husbands' supportive behavior, the lower the primigravidas' stress was supported. It was concluded that husbands' supportive behavior reinforcemen education increase husbands' supportive behavior and relieves Primigravidas' stress.

• 한국의학물리학회지:의학물리
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.59-65
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• 2018

This paper describes the clinical use of the dose verification of multileaf collimator (MLC)-based CyberKnife plans by combining the Octavius 1000SRS detector and water-equivalent RW3 slab phantom. The slab phantom consists of 14 plates, each with a thickness of 10 mm. One plate was modified to support tracking by inserting 14 custom-made fiducials on surface holes positioned at the outer region of $10{\times}10cm^2$. The fiducial-inserted plate was placed on the 1000SRS detector and three plates were additionally stacked up to build the reference depth. Below the detector, 10 plates were placed to avoid longer delivery times caused by proximity detection program alerts. The cross-calibration factor prior to phantom delivery was obtained by performing with 200 monitor units (MU) on the field size of $95{\times}92.5mm^2$. After irradiation, the measured dose distribution of the coronal plane was compared with the dose distribution calculated by the MultiPlan treatment planning system. The results were assessed by comparing the absolute dose at the center point of 1000SRS and the 3-D Gamma (${\gamma}$) index using 220 patient-specific quality assurance (QA). The discrepancy between measured and calculated doses at the center point of 1000SRS detector ranged from -3.9% to 8.2%. In the dosimetric comparison using 3-D ${\gamma}$-function (3%/3 mm criteria), the mean passing rates with ${\gamma}$-parameter ${\leq}1$ were $97.4%{\pm}2.4%$. The combination of the 1000SRS detector and RW3 slab phantom can be utilized for dosimetry validation of patient-specific QA in the CyberKnife MLC system, which made it possible to measure absolute dose distributions regardless of tracking mode.

• PNF and Movement
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.171-183
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• 2023

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare universal goniometry (UG), which is commonly used in clinical practice to measure the range of motion (ROM) of finger joints with a wearable soft sensor glove, and to analyze the reliability to determine its usefulness. Methods: Ten healthy adults (6 males, 4 females) participated in this study. The metacarpophalangeal joint (MCP), interphalangeal joint (IP), and proximal interphalangeal joint (PIP) of both hands were measured using UG and Mollisen HAND soft sensor gloves during active flexion, according to the American Society for Hand Therapists' measurement criteria. Measurements were taken in triplicate and averaged. The mean and standard deviation of the two methods were calculated, and the 95% limits of agreement (LOA) of the measurements were calculated using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Bland-Altman plot to examine the reliability and discrepancies between the measurements. Results: The results of the mean values of the flexion angles for the active range of motion (AROM) of the finger joints showed large angular differences in the finger joints, except for the MCP of the thumb. In the inter-rater reliability analysis according to the measurement method, the ICC (2, 1) value showed a low level close to 0, and the mean difference by the Bland-Altman plot showed a value greater than 0, showing a pattern of discrepancy. The 95% LOA had a wide range of differences. Conclusion: This study is a preliminary study investigating the usefulness of the soft sensor glove, and the reliability analysis showed a low level of reliability and inconsistency. However, if future studies can overcome the limitations of this study and the technical problems of the soft sensor glove in the development stage, it is suggested that the measurement instrument can show more accurate measurement and higher reliability when measuring ROM with UG.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제54권6호
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• pp.480-486
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• 2021

Background: Although various methods are already used to calculate predicted postoperative forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV₁) based on preoperative FEV₁ in lung surgery, the predicted postoperative FEV₁ is not always the same as the actual postoperative FEV₁. Observed postoperative FEV₁ values are usually the same or higher than the predicted postoperative FEV₁. To overcome this issue, we investigated the relationship between the number of resected lung segments and the discordance of preoperative and postoperative FEV₁ values. Methods: From September 2014 to May 2020, the data of all patients who underwent anatomical lung resection by video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) were gathered and analyzed retrospectively. We investigated the association between the number of resected segments and the differential FEV₁ (a measure of the discrepancy between the predicted and observed postoperative FEV₁) using the t-test and linear regression. Results: Information on 238 patients who underwent VATS anatomical lung resection at Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong and by DH. Kim for benign and malignant disease was collected. After applying the exclusion criteria, 114 patients were included in the final analysis. In the multiple linear regression model, the number of resected segments showed a positive correlation with the differential FEV₁ (Pearson r=0.384, p<0.001). After adjusting for multiple covariates, the differential FEV₁ increased by 0.048 (95% confidence interval, 0.023-0.073) with an increasing number of resected lung segments (R²=0.271, p<0.001). Conclusion: In this study, after pulmonary resection, the number of resected segments showed a positive correlation with the differential FEV₁.

• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.29-73
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• 2007

보육보조금은 일반적으로 여성의 노동시장참여를 용이하게 해주려는 것과 아동이 양질의 보육 및 교육 환경에서 돌보아지는 것을 돕는 목표로 지급된다. 본 연구는 보육시설을 이용하는 영아가구에 보육료를 지원하는 영아기본보조금의 효과를 살펴봄으로써 영아기본보조금이 그 정책목표를 달성하고 있는지 검토한다. 기본보조금이 2006년 민간보육시설에만 도입되었고 유아는 제외하고 영아에게만 지급된다는 준실험적(Quasi-Experiment) 설정을 이용하여 시설 측면과 가구 측면의 효과를 분석한다. 분석 결과, 보조금으로 인해 영아의 이용비중이 높은 보육시설에서는 교사의 처우 및 시설환경이 개선되는 등의 효과가 나타났으나 여성의 노동공급에는 거의 영향을 미치지 않았고, 수요자의 보육만족도에도 부정적 영향을 미친 것으로 나타났다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.851-858
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• 2018

Objective: This study was conducted to compare different methods on effective energy evaluation of corn silage for beef cattle. Methods: Twenty Wandong bulls (Chinese indigenous yellow cattle) with initial body weight of $281{\pm}15.6kg$, were assigned to 1 of 5 dietary treatments with 4 animals per treatment in a randomized complete block design. Five dietary treatments included group 1 with corn silage only diet, group 2 with corn silage-concentrate basal diet (BD) and 3 groups with 3 test diets, which were the BD partly substituted by corn silage at 10%, 30%, and 60%. The total collection digestion trial was conducted for 5 d for each block after a 10-d adaptation period, and then an open-circuit respiratory cage was used to measure the gas exchange of each animal in a consecutive 4-d period. Results: The direct method-derived metabolizable energy and net energy of corn silage were 8.86 and 5.15 MJ/kg dry matter (DM), expressed as net energy requirement for maintenance and gain were 5.28 and 2.90 MJ/kg DM, respectively; the corresponding regression method-derived estimates were 8.96, 5.34, 5.37, and 2.98 MJ/kg DM, respectively. The direct method-derived estimates were not different (p>0.05) from those obtained using the regression method. Using substitution method, the nutrient apparent digestibility and effective energy values of corn silage varied with the increased corn silage substitution ratio (p<0.05). In addition, the corn silage estimates at the substitution ratio of 30% were similar to those estimated by direct and regression methods. Conclusion: In determining the energy value of corn silage using substitution method, there was a discrepancy between different substitution ratios, and the substitution ratio of 30% was more appropriate than 10% or 60% in the current study. The regression method based on multiple point substitution was more appropriate than single point substitution on energy evaluation of feedstuffs for beef cattle.

• 컴퓨터교육학회논문지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.11-19
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• 2018

정보 컴퓨터교사 임용시험은 교사가 학교 현장에서 학생들에게 어느 정도의 수준으로 정보과 내용을 가르칠 수 있는지를 측정하는 유일한 국가시험이다. 본 연구의 목적은 정보 컴퓨터교사 임용시험 문항 출제에 대한 시사점과 개선방향을 제시하는 데 있다. 목적 달성을 위해, 정보 컴퓨터교사 임용시험이 처음 출제된 2002학년도부터 2017학년도까지 기출문제에서 문항을 수집하였다. 표시과목 정보 컴퓨터의 평가 영역 및 평가 내용 요소를 바탕으로 문항 분석의 틀과 기준을 마련하였다. 분석에는 기본이수과목의 개정과 임용시험 문항유형의 변경이 고려되었다. 총점에 대한 출제과목의 배점 비율을 분석하고, 학년도별 교과내용학 문항 출제경향을 살펴보았다. 분석 결과, 첫째, 정보 컴퓨터의 기본이수과목에서 출제과목과 문항유형이 편중되지 않도록 개선이 필요하다. 둘째, 기본이수과목의 과목 구성 및 이수 방법과 임용시험 출제경향의 괴리는 예비교사에게 요구되는 지식을 가르치고 평가할 수 있는 방향으로 개선되어야 한다. 본 연구는 정보 컴퓨터교사 임용시험을 통해 학교 현장에 양질의 교사를 수급하기 위한 디딤돌 역할을 했다는 데 의의가 있다.

• 한국가스학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.26-34
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• 2010

한국가스공사는 1983년 가스의 안정적인 공급을 위해 특별법에 의거 설립되었으며 30개 지역의 가스소매를 담당하는 도시가스회사에 천연가스 도매공급을 전담하고 있다. 가스공사가 수입하는 가스의 측정방식은 LNG 하역 전후의 수송선 액위를 측정함으로써 계량한다. 이때 가스성분분석은 수입가스의 가격이 열량에 의해 산정되기 때문에 필수적이다. 또한 터빈미터는 도시가스사로 공급하는 가스의 계량에 널리 쓰이고 있다. 그러나 발전용으로 공급되는 가스의 계량설비와는 달리 도시가스사로 공급되는 가스를 계량하는 설비에는 가스요금이 열량에 의해서가 아니라 부피에 의해서 부과되기 때문에 가스성분을 측정하는 분석기가 없다. 따라서 도시가스사가 가스공사로부터 구입하는 가스양과 소비자에게 판매하는 가스양이 일치하지 않는 문제점이 발생한다. 그 이유는 소매용 가스미터에 내재하는 오차와 운용상의 문제로 인해 도매용 계량설비와 소매용 가스미터의 수치에는 차이가 있기 때문이다. 본 논문에서는 도시가스사와 일반 소비자 간의 실제 가스양에 대한 논쟁에 관해 조사하였으며 가스 계량오차에 관한 문제점을 해소하기 위한 바람직한 기술적, 경제적 정책방향을 제안하는데 중점을 두었다.