• 한국의류학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.314-324
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• 1997

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the thermoregulatory response level on the heat and cold tolerance with investigating monthly changes of skin temperature in Koreans and to obtain the basal information for standard amount of clothing weight, indoor climate and working condition. Forty eight subjects in 5 age groups (6~11, 12~19, 20~44, 45~64, 65~76 years old) with both sexs were taken from Seoul and Kyunggi probince. All subjects were measured skin temperature, mean skin temperature, Total clothing weight in neutral condition in each month from June 1994 to May 1995. The results obtained are summarized as follows: 1. Skin temperature of all subjects was low on February, March and April, and was high on June, July and August. Temperatures of the torso (forehead and abdomen) and the lower limbs (leg and foot) were remarkably different. In general, most of skin temperatures except of hand, thigh and foot were higher in males. 2. Mean skin temperature was 0.5'c higher in males than female with ranging 32.5~34.5$^{\circ}C$ in males and 32.1~34.1$^{\circ}C$ in females. Also, mean skin temperature of 6~11 age group were higher than that of 45~ 64 age group in both sexs.

• 대한기계학회논문집
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.137-151
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• 1988

본 논문에서는 아래 평판은 높은 온도 $T_{h}$로 유지되고, 위의 평판은 낮은 온도 $T_{i}$로 유지되어 있을 때 온도차에 의하여 발생하는 난류 열대류 문제를 난류모델 방정식을 사용하여 수치적으로 해석하고자 한다.다.다.

• Journal of the Optical Society of Korea
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.240-244
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• 2009

An Er-doped superfluorescent fiber source is designed and constructed with the double-pass forward configuration, which aims at high stability of its mean wavelength against temperature variation. As a result, thermal stability of mean wavelength better than 1 ppm is obtained against the temperature variation of ${\pm}5^{\circ}C$ around the optimum operating temperature. The optimum operating temperature can be tuned with the Er-doped fiber length and the pump power.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.200-211
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• 2009

There are many reports about correlations between meteorological elements and stroke. In Oriental medicine, it is recognized that the weather affects the human body and diseases, but there are few studies about the correlation between meteorological elements and pattern identification of stroke. 105 stroke patients classified into fire-heat pattern or dampress-phlegm pattern were registered during the study period. We took the measurement of each meteorological element (atmospheric pressure, temperature, humidity, wind speed) according to pattern identification and analyzed pattern identification into two groups according to mean of each meteorological element during the study period. Mean temperature was higher with the heat-fire pattern than with the dampness-phlegm pattern. Heat-fire pattern also had higher frequency when temperature was higher than mean temperature. There was no correlation between atmospheric pressure, relative humidity, or wind speed and pattern identification.

• 한국원자력학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국원자력학회 1996년도 춘계학술발표회논문집(2)
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• pp.199-204
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• 1996

In the present the mean temperature and the temperature fluctuation of non-isothermal parallel liquid sodium jets were measured and analyzed changing the temperature difference and mean velocity of the hot and cold sodium. The sampling frequency and sampling time were 420Hz and three seconds, respectively. The wave-form characteristics were discussed in regard to the peak-to-peak amplitudes and the periods provided by a wave analysis. And also the correlations of the temperature fluctuation in rms value and the peak amplitude are derived. The overall mean accuracy ratios of the correlations are 1.07 and 1.08 with a standard deviation of 0.17 and 0.15, respectively.

• 기본간호학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.162-170
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• 2009

Purpose: To verify the usability of tympanic temperature measurement for adults, a comparison of tympanic and axillary temperatures was done. Method: The study was conducted during October 2008, and participants were 110 female nursing students. Axillary temperatures were taken with glass mercury thermometers for 5, 7 and 10 minutes. Tympanic temperatures were taken with Infrared Thermometer IRT 4520 on both ears, twice at a 5-second interval. The data were analyzed using the SPSS 12.0 program. Results: In the 1st measurement, the mean for right tympanic temperatures ($0.06^{\circ}C$) and for left ($0.03^{\circ}C$) were significantly higher than the 2nd. A comparison of mean temperatures for right and left, showed that the mean for the left side on the 1st measurement was significantly higher ($0.01^{\circ}C$) than the right. Also the temperature on left side in the 2nd measurement was higher ($0.04^{\circ}C$) than the right 2nd, but not significantly higher. The mean temperature for right and left tympanic on 1 st and 2nd measurements were significantly higher than axilla for 5 minutes ($0.58^{\circ}C$), for 7 minutes ($0.52^{\circ}C$), and for 10 minutes ($0.43^{\circ}C$). The tympanic temperature was the most closely correlated with the axillary temperature at 10 minutes. Conclusion: Findings indicate that measurement of tympanic temperature is a useful alternative to axillary temperature taken for 10 minutes.

• 대한지리학회지
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• 제46권2호
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• pp.152-167
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• 2011

이 연구에서는 서울의 1941~1970년(가 기간)과 1971~2000년(나 기간)의 일 평년 기온에 조화분석을 적용하여 계절 추이를 산출, 이의 변화 양상을 살피고, 계절 추이와 변화에 영향을 미치는 요인을 조사하였다. 그 결과 겨울철의 가장 낮은 기온이 가 기간에는 1월초 중순에 나타났으나 나 기간에는 1월 하순~2월 초순에 나타나 계절 추이가 변화되었음을 나타냈다. 이러한 변화는 12월 27일~1월 20일(전기)의 기온이 보다 많이 상승한 반면 1월 21일~2월 9일(후기)의 기온이 보다 적게 상승하였기 때문에 나타났다. 가 기간의 일 평년값에 대한 전기와 후기의 기온 펀치는 1970년 이전에는 큰 차이가 없었으나 1971년 이후에 차이가 컸다. 전기의 경우 시베리아 고기압이 근래에 뚜렷하게 약화되면서 우리나라 부근의 북풍이 약화되어 서울의 기온이 많이 상승하였다. 반면 후기의 경우 시베리아 고기압이 근래에 약화되었으나 알류샨 저기압이 발달하여 우리나라 부근의 북풍은 크게 약화되지 않아 서울 기온이 많이 상승하지 않았다.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제48권5호
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• pp.397-401
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• 2003

This experiment was conducted to know the characteristics of kernel growth as affected by various temperature regimes during grain filling using the varieties Hwaseongbyeo, Ilpumbyeo and Chucheongbyeo. The rice plants tested were grown in the natural condition at 1/5000a Wagner pots until flowering. After flowering, the rice plants were moved to controlled temperature conditions in a phytotron. The minimum/maximum daily temperature in the phytotron was controlled by 12/18, 15/21, 18/24, 21/27, and 24/$30^{\circ}C$, respectively. The grain weights were measured every three days after treatment. The mean daily kernel growth rate during active grain filling period showed different responses among varieties under various temperature regimes. The kernel growth rate of Chucheongbyeo was seriously reduced as temperature regimes were decreased. However, that of Ilpumbyeo was not influenced so critically. Ilpumbyeo showed some advantages in grain filling under low temperature regimes compared to Chucheongbyeo. The lag phase in grain filling of Chucheongbyeo was the longest among tested varieties, followed by Hwaseongbyeo under daily mean temperature regime of $15^{\circ}C$. Kernel weight of Ilpumbyeo increased fast in early grain filling phase under low temperature. This characteristic may be favorable for grain filling in temperate zone where the daily mean temperature is drastically dropped during grain filling period. Regression analysis with kernel growth rate and temperature showed the estimated critical low temperature for grain filling among varieties were $9^{\circ}C$, $12^{\circ}C$, $13^{\circ}C$ in Ilpumbyeo, Hwaseongbyeo and Chucheongbyeo, respectively. Under moderate temperature the duration of grain filling of Ilpumbyeo was longer than that of Chucheongbyeo. However, Under low temperature that of Ilpumbyeo was more favorable than Chucheongbyeo.

• 한국지리정보학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.263-274
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• 2020

한국 남동해역은 매년 하계에 집중적으로 냉수대가 형성되어 빈번한 이상해황이 발생한다. 본 연구에서는 이 해역에서 발생하는 표층수온 분포의 공간 변화를 분석하기 위해 2018년 6월에서 9월까지 고리와 정자 부이에서 관측한 해양현장 수온 데이터와 GHRSST Level 4 재분석 해수면 온도(sea surface temperature: SST) 자료를 이용하였다. 부이 자료는 두 지점의 시계열적 수온 변동 분석에, GHRSST 자료는 연구해역 전반에 걸친 일별 SST의 분산과 가중공간중심(weighted mean center: WMC)을 계산하는데 이용하였다. 부이의 수온이 낮아지면 연구해역 SST의 분산이 증가하는 경향을 보였으나, 전 기간 일치하게 나타나지는 않았다. 이는 GHRSST가 재분석 자료로 연안의 민감한 수온변화를 반영하지 못하기 때문이다. 이와 같이 전 해역의 SST 변화를 대표하는 통계적 분산만으로는 연안의 국지적인 소규모의 수온변화를 파악하거나, 냉수대 발생해역의 위치 및 범위를 탐지하기에는 한계가 있다. 따라서 차가운 수괴가 발생하는 공간적인 위치를 정량적으로 파악하기 위해 WMC를 활용하여 분석한 결과 냉수대가 발생했을 때, WMC가 연구해역의 공간중심(mean center: MC)으로부터 북서 해역 쪽에 위치하였다. 이는 SST의 WMC 위치 정보를 통해 차가운 표층수온의 분포가 어디에서 어느 정도 나타나는지를 정량적으로 파악할 수 있음을 의미하며, 향후 냉수대 규모 및 지역 확산 범위 탐지에 WMC의 활용 가능성을 알 수 있었다.

• 생태와환경
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• 제54권2호
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• pp.102-107
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• 2021

The distribution pattern of species richness was determined by temperature. To examine the relationship between hemipteran richness and temperature, hemipteran species were collected using pitfall traps at six different oak forest sites with different annual mean temperatures in South Korea. Multiple linear regression analyses were conducted with mean annual temperature (MAT) and plant richness to evaluate differences in hemipteran richness. The influences of MAT and plant richness of study sites on hemipteran richness were examined by comparing three models (plant richness+MAT+MAT², plant richness+MAT, and MAT) or two models (plant richness+MAT and MAT). Hemipteran richness showed an inverse diversity pattern as a function of temperature, with higher species richness at lower temperature sites. Meanwhile, Aphididae showed a bell-shaped diversity pattern with the highest value at low medium temperatures. The regression analysis showed that hemipteran richness was affected by temperature and plant richness in their habitats.