• Applied Biological Chemistry
• /
• v.17 no.4
• /
• pp.240-246
• /
• 1974

The Merit variety of soybean (Glycine max L.), harvested in 1971 was germinated in the dark at $21{\sim}25^{\circ}C$ for days. The soybean sprouts were divided into cotyledons and seedling axis (=hypocotlyplus root) and subjected to the determination of dry weight, crude fat content and lipid components (esterified sterols, triglycerides, free fatty acids, free sterols and phospholipids) at two-day intervals during the germination periods. The results are summarized as follows: 1) During the germination period, the dry weight and crude fat content in cotyledons decreased continuously, but the dry weight seedling axis increased continuously and crude fat content remained almost constent. 2) The triglyceride content in crude fat from cotyledons decreased and free fatty acid content increased continuously, but triglyceride content in crude fat from seedling axis showed no change until 6th day and increased slightly after 8th day, and free fatty acid content showed increase after 4th day and decrease after 6th day. Phospholipids, free and esterified sterols content in cotyledons increased continuously, but their content in seedling axis remained unchanged.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
• /
• v.38 no.2
• /
• pp.209-214
• /
• 2006

Initially germinated whole soy flour was investigated for its additional effects on isoflavone contents and some physical properties of Ramyon. The soybeans were germinated at $20^{\circ}C$ for 24 hr. The properties measured were weight, volume, turbidity, color and texture of Ramyon. Addition of the soy flour up to 16% showed a significant increase in isoflavone contents of Ramyon, compared with those corresponding values of mixed wheat-soy flour before Ramyon preparation. The weight and volume of Ramyon and turbidity of boiled water after cooking were markedly increased and the hardness of cooked Ramyon was decreased as the addition ratio of the soy flour goes up. Sensory test showed that savory flavor and yellowish brown of cooked Ramyon were also increased by soy flour addition.

• Journal of fish pathology
• /
• v.23 no.3
• /
• pp.357-367
• /
• 2010

The pharmacokinetic properties of amoxicillin trihydrate (Amox) were studied after single oral administration and single intravenous injection to cultured eel, Anguilla japonica, respectively (average $220{\pm}10\;g$, $28{\pm}1^{\circ}C$). Plasma samples were taken at 3, 5, 10, 15, 24, 30, 48, 96 and 144 h post-dose. The kinetic profile of absorption, distribution and elimination of Amox in plasma were analyzed fitting to a two-compartment model by WinNonlin program. In oral dosage of 40 and 80 mg/kg body weight, the peak plasma concentrations of Amox, which attained at 3~12 h post-dose, were 3.4 and $3.3\;{\mu}g/ml$, respectively. In intravenous injection with 1 mg/kg, the peak plasma concentrations of Amox, which attained at 9 h post-dose, was $7.2\;{\mu}g/ml$. The following parmeters were calculated for a single oral dosage of 40 and 80 mg/kg body weight, respectively: AUC (the area under the concentration-time curve)= 464 and $667\;{\mu}g{\cdot}h/ml$; $T_{max}$ (time for maximum concentration)= 2.1 and 3.6 h; $C_{max}$ (maximum concentration)= 3.04 and $3.4\;{\mu}g/ml$. Following intravenous injection at 1 mg/kg, this parameters were AUC= $748\;{\mu}g{\cdot}h/ml$; $C_{max}=4.2\;{\mu}g/ml$. The apparent oral bioavailability at 40 and 80 mg/kg were 1.6 and 1.1%, respectively. Despite using the trihydrate form of amoxicillin, the oral bioavailability was low in eel.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• v.24 no.4
• /
• pp.510-516
• /
• 1995

A multidisciplinary weight control program was conducted for obese women. The major components of the program included low calorie diet therapy, exercise, behavior modification and nutritional education and counseling. Sixteen healthy volunteers in excess of body fat, above 30%, were enrolled in the group support program. But 5 person were dropped out in the 2nd week of treatment. During the 1st week of group orientation, individual cause of obesity was assessed through a computer program including survey of dietary intake, activity, eating habits and life styles. During the 5 weeks of treatment, 4.8kg of average weight loss was accomplished using a following program ; low calorie diet(1200kcal/day with all essential nutrients), low impact aerobic exercise(50~60% of $VO_{2max}$, 1 hour/day in a group, 3~5 days/week), behavior modification of individual life styles and eating habits causing obesity and nutritional education concerning nutrition, role of exercise such as brisk walking, importance of slow eating in regular meal pattern and internal motivation for weight reduction, health risk of obesity and rapid weight loss, weight recycling and yo-yo syndrome, etc. Nutritional conseling was conducted 3 times per week with checking self-records of foods, activity, emotional state and tiredness. Before and immediately after 5 weeks of treatment, blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, cholesterol and triglyceride were measured and comparied with paired t-test. After 5 weeks of treatment, body weight, body mass index, body fat and circumferences of waist, upper arm and hip were significantly decreased. Also LDL-cholesterol was significantly decreased after obesity treatment.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
• /
• 2021.04a
• /
• pp.15-15
• /
• 2021

Seed coat color and seed weight are among the key agronomical traits that determine the nutritional quality of soybean seeds. This study aimed to evaluate the contents of total protein, total oil and five prominent fatty acids in seeds of 49 soybean varieties recently cultivated in Korea, and assess the influences of seed coat color and seed weight on each. Total protein and total oil contents were in the ranges of 36.28-44.19% and 13.45-19.20%, respectively. Likewise, individual fatty acid contents were in the ranges of 9.90-12.55, 2.45-4.00, 14.97-38.74, 43.22-60.26, and 5.37-12.33% for palmitic, stearic, oleic, linoleic, and linolenic acids, respectively. Our results found significant variations of protein, oil and fatty acid contents between the soybean varieties. Moreover, both seed coat color and seed weight significantly affected total oil and fatty acid contents. Total protein content, however, was not significantly affected by any factor. Among colored soybeans, pale-yellow soybeans were characterized by a high level of oleic acid (30.70%) and low levels of stearic (2.72%), linoleic (49.30%) and linolenic (6.44%) acids, each being significantly different from the rest of colored soybeans (p < 0.05). On the other hand, small soybeans were characterized by high levels of all individual fatty acids except oleic acid. The level of oleic acid was significantly high in large seeds. Cluster analysis grouped the soybeans into two classes with notable content differences. Principal component analysis also revealed fatty acids as the prime factors for the variability observed among the soybean varieties. As expected, total oil and total protein contents showed a negative association with each other (r = -0.714, p < 0.0001). Besides, oleic acid and linoleic acid showed a tradeoff relationship (r = -0.936, p < 0.0001) which was reflected with respect to both seed coat color and seed weight. In general, the results of this study shade light on the significance of seed coat color and seed weight to distinguish soybeans in terms of protein, oil and fatty acid contents. Moreover, the soybean varieties with distinct characteristics and nutritional contents identified in this study could be important genetic resources for consumption and cultivar development.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.10 no.5
• /
• pp.1148-1156
• /
• 2009

In order to manufacture noodles using rice flour as its main ingredient, organic acid and thickening agents have been used, and protein, dextrin, and refined salt have added. The rice flour dough that had been baked using organic acids and thickening agent showed the max weight of $2040.00\;g/cm^2$, elasticity value of 139.12%, cohesiveness of 66.05%, chewiness of 1,396.13g, and brittleness of 190,456.12g respectively. The appropriate conditions for manufacturing rice noodle using rice flour were that the rice was to be soaked for 12 hours at temperature of $20{\sim}25^{\circ}C$ and to be milled twice at temperature lower than $35^{\circ}C$. Additionally, the most ideal condition to manufacture noodles was to use the rice flour by combining protein, dextrin and refined salt using 3.88% organic acid blend and 2.82% blend of thickening agents in order to change the rice flour properties

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
• /
• v.32 no.4
• /
• pp.392-402
• /
• 1987

To know the effect of presowing seed soaking with some growth substances (kinetin, IAA, ethrel and salicylic acid) on vegetative growth and yield contributing parameters in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] the investigation was undertaken. The salient features from the study are;-All the treatments showed the enhancement effect on vegetative growth, viz. seediling emergence, germination percentage, plant height, number of leaves and branches per plant as compared with control, whereas salicylic acid delayed the seedling emergence process and lowered the germination percentage.-Nodule initiation, number of nodules and nodule weight were hastened and increased respectively under all the treatments whereas IAA showed an opposite effect on all the parameters at the early stages of nodule development.-Kinetin, IAA and ethrel showed the significant enhancement effect on the levels of biochemical parameters throughout the time of seed development whereas salicylic acid and water showed the tendency similar to that of control.-Yield and its components, viz. number of flowers, pods and seeds per plant were significant increased under all the treatments but they didn't show any significant enhancement effect on number of seeds per pod and pod setting rate. One hundred seed weight was lower under all the treatments, indicating the dilution effect resulting from incapability of increased number and size of source to provide the increased size of sink with assimilates.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
• /
• v.25 no.2
• /
• pp.149-153
• /
• 1998

This experiment was carried out to obtain a basic information for new variety development. The local soybean (Glycine max. L) lines used were endowed from Chungnam Agricultural Research and Extension Services. These lines were planted at upland farm of Chungnam Nat'l Univ., College of Agri. after treatment with mutagen $\gamma$-ray. All characteristics measured were decreased due to the $\gamma$-ray treatment than check except the branches of main stem of the Hannam and plant height of the Sobak. Especially the Sobak and the Eunha among these lines were shown very sensitivly than others treated with $\gamma$-ray of 15Krad. Of characteristics surveyed the nodes per plant was very sensitive to $\gamma$-ray, while the grain weight per plant, the pods per plant and the branches per plant were gradually decreased to further radioactivity about $\gamma$-ray treatment. In the Pungsan and the Sobak lines there were not shown significant between major characteristics at treatments including check. Other lines were also not shown positive correlation among characteristics except between stem diameter and branches(0.64*), grain weight and plant height(0.77**) at check of the Eunha, between stem nodes and stem diameter(0.65*) at check of the Kwangan and between number of pods and stem diameter(0.70*) at check of the Danyeop. From result this experiment, some of lines used were to be appeared characters of interest, for example, such as the short stem and the early flowering. Therefore these lines were needed more advanced generations for stability and performance.

• Journal of Life Science
• /
• v.20 no.7
• /
• pp.1066-1072
• /
• 2010

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of aerobic exercise on adipokines and inflammatory reaction in obesity and type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) children. We studied obese (OG, n=9), type 1 diabetic (DG, n=9), and normal (NG, n=9) children groups. Measurement factors included body weight, % fat, body mass index (BMI), $VO_2max$, lipid profiles and adipokines. The results showed significant differences in body weight, % fat, BMI, and $VO_2max$ (ml/kg/min) among the OG, DG, and NG (p<0.05) groups. There were significant differences in LDL-C and HDL-C between the OG, DG, and NG groups (p<0.05). In addition, adiponectin and retinol binding protein (RBP)-4 were significantly changed in DG and NG after 12 weeks exercise training (p<0.05), and there were also significant differences among the OG, DG, and NG groups (p<0.05). Monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1 in the OG, DG, and NG groups was significantly increased after 12 weeks exercise training (p<0.05). In conclusion, regulatory aerobic exercise does not change body composition in obese children with T1DM, but exercise and decreased blood inflammatory factors in T1DM may protect obese children from metabolic syndrome.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Railway
• /
• v.19 no.2
• /
• pp.204-212
• /
• 2016

The soils used as trackbed in Korea are selected using USCS utilizing basic soil properties such as Grain Size Distribution(GSD), % passing of #200 sieve ($P_{200}$), % passing of #4 sieve ($P_4$), Coefficient of uniformity ($C_u$), and Coefficient of curvature ($C_c$). Degree of compaction of the soils adapted in the code by KR should be evaluated by maximum dry density (${\gamma}_{d-max}$) and deformation modulus $E_{v2}$. The most important influencing factor that is critical to stability and deformation of the compacted soils used as trackbed is stiffness. Thus, it is necessary to construct a correlation between the modulus and the basic soil properties of trackbed soil in order to redefine a new soil classification system adaptable only to railway construction. To construct the relationship, basic soil test data is collected as a database, including GSD, maximum dry unit weight (${\gamma}_{d-max}$), OMC, $P_{200}$, $P_4$, $C_u$, $C_c$, etc.; deformation modulus $E_{v2}$ and $E_{vd}$ are obtained independently by performing a Repeated Plated Bearing Test (RPBT) and Light Weight Deflectometer Test (LWDT) for ten different railway construction sites. A linear regression analysis is performed using SPSS to obtain the relationship between the basic soil properties and the deformation modulus $E_{v2}$ and $E_v$. Based on the constructed relationship and the various obtained mechanical test data, a new soil classification system will be proposed later as a guideline for the design and construction of trackbed foundation in Korea.