• 아동학회지
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.65-78
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• 2008

This study examined whether parental psychological control influences adolescents' depressive feelings through personality features of dependency and self-criticism. Participants were 315 high school students (M=16 years) who completed questionnaires tapping two types of parental psychological control and student personality and depressive symptoms. Both girls and boys perceived equal levels of maternal and paternal separation-anxious psychological control. Boys perceived higher achievement- oriented psychological control of fathers than mothers; girls perceived equal levels of maternal and paternal achievement-oriented control. Structural relations between types of psychological control, personality features, and depressive symptoms were equivalent for both mothers and fathers and for both boys and girls. Results confirmed that separation-anxious and achievement-oriented control have negative effects on adolescents' adjustment through differential pathways; dependency and self-criticism, respectively.

• 아동학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.77-96
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• 2005

Maternal personality, creative personality, and parenting self-efficacy were included in mothers' characteristics. Participants were 89 gifted and 147 non-gifted preschool children and their mothers. Instruments were the Torrance Test of Creative Thinking(Torrance, 1984; 김영채, 2002), Revised NEO-Personality Inventory(Costa & MaCrae, 1992), What Kind of Person Are You Scale of the Khatena-Torrance Creative Perception Inventory(Khatena & Torrance, 1976; 김영채, 2004), and Parenting Self-Efficacy Scale(최형성 & 정옥분, 2001). Results showed Disciplined Imagination of gifted preschoolers' mothers influenced children's Abstractness of Creativity, General Parenting Ability influenced Originality of Creativity, and Learning Guidance Ability influenced Abstractness of Titles of Creativity. Regarding non-gifted children, the Neuroticism, Acceptance of Authority and General Parenting Ability of mothers selectively influenced children's Abstractness and Elaborativeness of Creativity.

• 여성건강간호학회지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.231-239
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• 2006

Purpose: This study was done to investigate differences in maternal role confidence and parenting stress according to the infant's feeding method. Method: The participants were 257 mothers of infants aged 5$\sim$7 months. 145 breast-feeding mothers and 112 bottle-feeding mothers participated. The Maternal Role Confidence Scale and Parenting Stress Index(PSI) were used. Results: The score of maternal role confidence of breast-feeding mothers (3.28) was significantly higher than that of bottle-feeding mothers(2.84). In addition, the parenting stress level of breast-feeding mothers(1.80) was lower than that of bottle-feeding mothers(2.97). However, the scores of maternal role confidence and the parenting stress level were not different according to the mother's and infant's personality characteristics. There was a significant negative correlation between the score of maternal role confidence and parenting stress levels(r=-.55, p<.001). Conclusion: Breast feeding mothers had more confidence of their maternal role, and a lower parenting stress level. Therefore, nurses must encourage infant mothers to breast feed since it is the best option for mothers as well as infants.

• 한방재활의학과학회지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.91-99
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• 2019

Objectives The loss of maternal care during early postnatal period may increase development of mood-related disorders, such as depression, anxiety, and personality disorders. In this study, the effect of acupuncture on depression in relation with cell proliferation in the hippocampal gyrus dentatus was investigated using maternal-separated rat pups. Methods On the postnatal 14th day, rat pups from six dams were grouped into following groups: maternal care group, maternal separation group, maternal separation and non-acupoint-acupunctured group, maternal separation and Zusanli-acupunctured group, and maternal separation and fluoxetine-treated group. Acupuncture was performed from postnatal 28th day to postnatal 37th day. The rat pups that belong in the maternal separation and fluoxetine-treated group were injected subcutaneously with 5 mg/kg fluoxetine hydrochloride once a day for the same period of time. To evaluate activity of the rat pups, open field test was performed. Immunohistochemistry for serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) and tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH) in the dorsal raphe and for 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) in the hippocampal gyrus dentatus was conducted. Results The present results reveal that the activity was decreased by maternal separation. In contrast, acupuncture at Zusanli overcame maternal separation-induced hypoactivity. Maternal separation suppressed TPH expression and 5-HT synthesis in the dorsal raphe and decreased cell proliferation in the hippocampal gyrus dentatus of rat pups. In contrast, acupuncture at Zusanli alleviated maternal separation-induced decrease of 5-HT synthesisand TPH expression. Conclusions The present results demonstrate that acupuncture at Zusanli ameliorated depressive state through increasing cell proliferation and enhancing 5-HT synthesis.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제38권6호
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• pp.135-147
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• 2000

The purpose of the study was to investigate the effects of economic hardship. parents'intro-eatrovert personality, and depression on parenting. The subjects were 487 seventh to ninth grade children and their parents. Data were collected through questionnaires. Children from which family experienced severe income loss perceived fathers'child-rearing attitudes as more warm/nurturant when fathers had extrovert personality. On the other hand, children under the worse paternal working condition perceived mothers'child-rearing attitudes as more warm/nurturant when mothers had introvert personality. The impacts of family income loss on mothers'rejecting/inconsistant child-rearing attitudes were exacerbated by its indirect effect through maternal depression.

• 아동학회지
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• 제29권6호
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• pp.135-146
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• 2008

This study explored moderating effects of parental rejection on the relationship between corporal punishment and psychological maladjustment of 348 5th and 6th grade elementary school children. Participants responded in school to the Physical Punishment Questionnaire(Rohner, 1997), Parental Acceptance-Rejection Questionnaire(Rohner, 1991), and the Personality Assessment Questionnaire(Rohner, 1991). Results of regression analyses showed that both parental punishment and parental rejection made significant contributions to children's psychological maladjustment. Hierarchical regression analyses showed that parental punishment made significant contributions to maladjustment only when it was influenced by perceived maternal rejection. Conclusions were that apparent relations between parental punishment and children's psychological maladjustment were moderated by children's perceptions of maternal rejection.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.23-28
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• 2009

Objectives : This study was conducted to investigate the association between the symptoms of boys with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and the attention-deficit hyperactivity symptoms, temperament and character patterns of their parents. Methods : Forty-five boys with ADHD and who met the DSM-IV criteria were evaluated by using the ADHD rating scale (ADHD-RS), and their parents completed the Korean Adult ADHD scale (K-AADHDS) and the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI). Results : The parental K-AADHDS scores were not associated with the ADHD-RS total score and the subscale scores of their siblings. The most potent variable related to the ADHD-RS total score was the maternal self-directedness, and the second was the maternal persistence. The maternal self-directedness was the variable that was most correlated with the hyperactivity/impulsivity subscale scores of the ADHD-RS. Conclusion : The results suggest that the paternal ADHD symptoms may not be related to the ADHD symptoms of boys with ADHD. Higher maternal self-directedness and persistence may decrease overall the ADHD symptoms of these boys, and higher maternal self-directedness itself may predict lower hyperactivity/impulsivity symptoms of the boys with ADHD.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.218-228
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• 2003

목 적：본 연구에서는 정신과를 방문한 아동들의 정서 및 행동 문제와 어머니의 우울증, 양육 스트레스간의 관계를 알아보고, 특히, 이러한 변인들이 어머니의 양육 스트레스에 어떠한 영향을 주는지 알아보았다. 방 법：DSM-IV 진단 준거에 근거한 정신과 전문의의 소견과 심리학적 평가에 의해 외현화 행동 장애, 내면화 행동 장애, 혼재형 행동 장애로 각각 진단된 73명의 아동과 그 어머니들을 대상으로 하였다. 모든 아동의 어머니는 다면적 인성검사(MMPI)와 한국아동인성검사(KPI-C) 및 양육스트레스 척도(PSI)를 작성하였고, 변량분석, 상관분석, 단계적 회귀분석을 실시하였다. 결 과：외현화 행동 장애와 내면화 행동 장애, 혼재형 행동 장애를 가진 아동의 각 집단별 어머니들의 우울감은 유의미한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 양육 스트레스를 종속변인으로한 2요인 변량분석 결과, 외현화 행동장애와 혼재형 행동장애에서 아동 영역 양육 스트레스 하위 요인 중 주의산만/과잉행동 요인이 내현화 행동장애 아동보다 더 심각한 스트레스로 작용하였고, 어머니의 우울 여부의 주효과는 전반적 양육 스트레스 총점, 부모 영역 양육 스트레스 총점, 부모 영역 양육 스트레스의 하위 요인 중 우울, 부모의 건강, 배우자와의 관계의 요인에서 각각 유의미하였다. 아동의 증상 심각도가 양육 스트레스에 미치는 영향을 알아본 결과, 아동 영역 양육 스트레스에 대해서는 아동의 과잉행동과 불안이, 부모 영역 양육 스트레스에 대해서는 어머니의 우울 수준이 각각 유의미한 효과를 갖는 것으로 나타났다. 결 론：본 결과는 우울한 어머니들의 경우, 아동의 증상 심각도 보다는 어머니의 우울 수준이 전반적인 양육 스트레스에 더 많은 영향을 미치므로, 우울한 어머니들에서는, 아동의 증상에 대한 치료와는 별도로 어머니의 심리적 적응에 개별적인 치료적 접근이 필요함을 시사한다.

• 아동학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.51-71
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• 2007

Factors considered by mothers when choosing a kindergarten for their child were analyzed by mother's age, education level, and employment status. Questionnaires (Seo, 2002; Kim, 2001; Park, 1997) targeted 636 mothers of kindergarteners from 12 different kindergartens. Results were (1) in order of importance mothers considered : physical environment, tuition, humane environment, educational curriculum and program, and time spent for education. (2) Younger mothers considered the program of the kindergarten of more importance whereas older mothers considered the commuting method, size of kindergarten, and personality and competence of the principal and teachers of more importance. (3) College educated mothers considered curriculum and field trips to be important factors. (4) Employed mothers considered the importance of all day programs and hours of operation.

• 한국보육지원학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.319-335
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• 2014

본 연구는 영아기 자녀를 둔 어머니의 어린이집 선택과 관련된 다양한 변인의 영향을 체계적으로 분석하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 어린이집의 대기신청을 통해 최근 6개월 이내 입소한 0~40개월의 영아를 둔 어머니 185명과 현재 대기신청 중이며 자녀가 어린이집을 이용하지 않고 있는 어머니 53명을 대상으로 하였다. 연구 결과 첫째, 어머니들은 어린이집 대기신청 시 국공립어린이집을 선호하는 경향이 있으며, 주된 이유는 보육환경 및 시설의 질적인 우수성 때문인 것으로 나타났다. 자녀를 어린이집에 보내지 않는 어머니는 주변에 자녀를 보낼 만한 어린이집이 충분하지 않으며 질적 수준도 낮은 것으로 평가하였으며, 어린이집을 이용하는 어머니에 비해 지적 성취와 성숙주의를 강조하는 신념을 가지고 있었다. 둘째, 어린이집을 이용하는 어머니들의 경우 자녀의 연령이 어릴수록, 취업모인 경우, 대기신청기간이 길수록, 어린이집의 구조적 요인을 중요하게 여길수록 민간 또는 가정어린이집을 선택하는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구는 영아기 자녀를 둔 어머니가 어린이집을 선택하는 의사결정 과정에 어떠한 변인들이 우선순위로 작용하는지를 살펴봄으로써 이들의 다양한 보육 욕구를 이해하고, 어린이집의 확충 및 질적 제고를 위한 실효성 있는 정책을 수립하는 데 유용한 기초자료를 제공할 수 있다는 데 의의가 있다.