• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.110-115
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• 2012

For domestic aircraft industry, not mass production of components is limited, small production scale of the order is made by part because many kinds of hundreds of thousands of kinds of small quantity batch production system are taking. But the high reliability and stability are required during the processing because they require high precision parts are required. It is found that when C-axis rotation speed was increased, the diameter of the cutting tool decreased with increasing surface roughness, while the turn-mail feed rate was increased with increasing the surface roughness.

• 식물조직배양학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.77-84
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• 1994

꽃기린 현탁배양에 의한 화청소의 생산에 미치는 탄소원 의 역할을 규명하고 이들 배양세포를 생물반응기를 이용하여 대량배양을 시도하였으며 생성된 색소의 분리 및 동정을 행하였다. 세포의 생장은 3% sucrose농도에서 양호하였으나 단위세포무게당 색소함량은 sucrose의 농도가 3%에서 9%로 증가함에 따라 증진되었다. sucros는 배양 1일 후부터 glucose와 fructose로 분해되지 시작하며, 고농도로 공급된 sucrose는 배지의 삼투압제로 작용하여 색소의 형성을 촉진하였다. 생물반응기 배양의 경우, 기포발생형 생물반응 기가 세포의 손상을 방지하 양호한 생육상을 나타내어 적합하였고 접종농도를 증가시킴으로서 총 색소의 함량은 감소하였으나 배양기간이 1/2로 단축되었으며 색소의 1일 생산성도 증가되는 효과를 나타내었다. 기포발생형 생물반응기를 이용한 색소생산량은 2.2 mg/L/day를 나타내었다. 한편, 배양세포로부터 생성된 주된 화청소는 cyanidin-3-glucoside로 추정되었다.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.479-483
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• 2006

본 연구는 효모의 세포벽에 존재하는 본 연구는 효모의 세포벽에 존재하는 ${\beta}-Glucan$을 대량생산하기 위해 Saccharomyces cerevisiae JUL3의 균체량을 증가시키기 위한 연구를 수행하였다. S. cerevisiae JUL3의 배양학적 특성을 알아보기 위해 kinetic parameter를 조사하였을 때 specific growth rate (${\mu}$)는 $0.145\;h^{-1}$, yield ($Y_{x/s}$)는 0.332 g/g, glucose 소모속도($q_{s}$)는 $0.437\;h^{-1}$이며 productivity (P)는 $0.4827\;g/{\ell}{\cdot}h$을 나타내었다. 균체량이 가장 높게 나타난 탄소원과 질소원은 고과당 (high fructose syrup)과 yeast extract이었다. 효모균체 대량생산 및 scale up을 위하여 반응표면 분석법을 통하여 고과당과 yeast extract에 대한 최적농도를 조사하였다. 균체량이 가장 많이 생산되어질 수 있는 조건으로 제시된 고과당과 yeast extract의 최적 농도는 각각 8.0 %와 5.2 %였으며, 이 때 예측되는 균체량은 $16.95\;g/{\ell}$ 이었다.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 1992년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.161-165
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• 1992

The important properties of industrial scale or weighing machine operated in production lines are quickness and precision. This paper presents an algorithm which meets the importance. The algorithm of Recursive Least Squares Regression is described for the weighing system simulated as a dynamic model of the second order. Using the model and the algorithm, model parameters and then the mass being weighed can be determined from the step input. The performance of the algorithm is illustrated in digital simulation. Discussions have been extended to the development of fast converging algorithm. It turns out that the algorithm shows several desirable features suitable for microcomputer assisted realtime signal processing.

• 한국어업기술학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국어업기술학회 2001년도 춘계 수산관련학회 공동학술대회발표요지집
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• pp.207-208
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• 2001

$\beta$-D-Glucan은 곡류(Fincher et al., 1975) 및 효모류(Machova et al., 1995)의 세포 구성성분으로 함암, 항균, 항바이러스 활성을 지닌 다당류이다(Trowell et al., 1976). 또한 면역활성 증강 및 식이 섬유 등의 생리적 활성이 우수하여 기능성 식품 소재로 활용 가능함이 보고되고 있고 현재 어류의 비특이 면역활성도 촉진시키므로 양식업계에서 주목받고 있는 물질이다(Sung et al., 1994). (중략)

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제48권3호
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• pp.344-357
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• 2020

Streptococcus zooepidemicus 유래의 세포외 고분자물질인 히알루론산(hyaluronic acid) (HA)을 대량 생산하기 위해, 균주 개량, 생산배지 및 배양공정 개발에 관한 연구를 수행하였다. HA 고생산성 변이주를 선별하기 위해 약 99%의 사멸률을 보이는 ethylmethane sulfonate (EMS) 처리조건을 적용해서, 지속적인 random screening 방법으로 고생산성, 고안정성의 변이주들을 선별할 수 있었다. HA를 고농도로 생산하기 위해서는, 이 균주의 생화학 및 배양생리적 특성에 기반한 최적 배지개발이 필수적이라고 판단하여, one-factor-at-a-time (OFAT), full factorial design (FFD), steepest ascent method (SAM) 및 response surface method (RSM) (반응표면분석법)을 순차적으로 적용하여 통계적 배지 최적화 실험을 수행하였다. 최적 배지조성에서 플라스크 배양에 의한 HA 생산성은 5.38 g/l로서, 이전 배지(3.54 g/l)에 비해 약 52% 향상된 생산량을 얻을 수 있었다. 또한 선별된 우량균주와 최적화된 생산배지를 이용하여 5 L 발효조에서 배양공정 최적화 연구를 수행하였다. 이 균주의 생리학적 특성을 고려할 때, HA 생산성을 높이기 위해서는 (배양 중 HA 축적으로 인해 고점도를 띠는) 배양액으로의 충분한 용존산소 공급이 매우 중요한 요인인 것으로 판단되었다. 따라서 용존산소 공급과 밀접하게 관련있는 발효조의 교반시스템(교반 날개 종류, 크기 및 배치 등) 및 교반속도에 대한 최적화 연구를 수행하였다. 그 결과, 교반축 하부에는 Rushton turbine-type, 상부에는 marine-type의 확장된 교반날개(기존 대비 직경 1.3배 확장)가 설치된 경우, 450 rpm에서 강화된 혼합력과 충분한 용존산소 공급으로 인해 HA 생산성이 기존 플라스크 배양 대비 약 1.8배(9.79 vs. 5.38 g/l) 더 높은 것으로 확인되었다. 최종적으로 HA 배양공정의 scale-up 가능성을 확인하기 위해, pilot 규모의 50 L 발효조 배양을 최대 300 rpm의 교반속도에서 수행하였다. 처음으로 시도한 50 L 배양임에도 불구하고, HA 최대 생산성 면에서 볼 때, 5 L 발효조 결과와 거의 동일한 수준(98.5%) (9.11 vs 9.25 g/l)의 생산량을 얻을 수 있었다. 반면 지수기 성장단계인 배양 15시간까지의 50 L 배양의 HA 평균생산속도(r_p)는 0.46 g/l/hr로서 0.62 g/l/hr인 5 L 배양 대비 약 74% 정도에 머무는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 생산 발효조의 scale-up 시, 생산균주의 전단응력 민감성(shear damage)을 함께 고려하면서, 산소전달계수(k_La)를 기반으로 하는 교반시스템에 대한 체계적인 연구가 진행된다면, HA 생산속도도 증가될 수 있는 긍정적인 결과를 얻을 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• Animal Bioscience
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.98-107
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• 2023

Objective: Current quail production is configured as an economic activity in scale. Advancements in quail nutrition have been limited to areas such as breeding and, automation of facilities and ambience. The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance responses, liver and oviduct morphometry, and liver histology of Japanese laying quails subjected to different levels of nitrogen-corrected apparent metabolizable energy (MEn). Methods: A completely random design was used that consisted of nine levels of MEn, six replicates, and five hens per cage with a total of 270 quails. The experimental period lasted for 10 weeks. The variables of performance were subjected to analysis of variance and then regression analysis using the broken-line model. The morphometric and histological variables were subjected to multivariate exploratory techniques. Results: The MEn levels influenced the responses to zootechnical performance. The broken-line model estimated the maximum responses for feed intake, egg production, egg weight, and egg mass as 3,040, 2,820, 1,802, and 2,960 kcal of MEn per kg of diet, respectively. Multivariate analysis revealed that the occurrence of hepatic steatosis and increased levels of Kupffer cells were not related to MEn levels. Conclusion: The level of 2,960 kcal/kg of MEn meets performance variable requirements without compromising hepatic physiology.

• 한국농공학회지
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• 제38권5호
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• pp.106-115
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• 1996

This study was carried out to provide fundamental data for reuse of resources and prevention of environmental pollution Actual states of environmental pollution by biological production facilities were investigated. Various pollution loads and quantity of wastes from greenhouse and animal housings estimated. In greenhouse contents of investigation were wastes of plastic cover, noise of heater and fan, air pollutant of heater, and wastes of soilless culture system, etc. In animal housings, those were actual state of livestock waste treatment and reuse, pollutant mass unit discharge, noise pollution, and malodorant, etc. The main pollutants discharged from greenhouses were wastes of plastic cover, rockwool, and waste fluid of nutrient solution. Developments of waste disposal methods for plastic cover and rockwool are required. And recycle technique of nutrient solution for soilless culture should be developed and propagated. With the buildup of legal control, pollutant mass discharged from livestock wastes are, on the decrease. The other side, reuse of livestock excreta increased. Most animal housings are located near the dwelling house. Malodorant and noise from animal housings have bad effects on the rural living conditions. So developments of integrated complex for small scale livestock farms are required.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.125-132
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• 2011

This paper describes current status and future prospects of the mass production of microalgae biomass. Microalgae have attracted considerable attention since they not only effectively fix $CO_2$ gas during their metabolic process but also have the great potential to be utilized for producing valuable substances as a kind of efficient light-harvesting cell factories. In this review, we outline various types of photobioreactors employed for mass production of biomass by culturing microalgae in a well controlled way and give an overview about the present state of affairs, both domestic and international, in the field of the microalgal culturing technologies.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.61-72
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• 2013

Purpose - It is widely accepted that the process of developing marketing strategy is composed of three steps: market segmentation, target market selection and positioning. However, mass marketing strategy based on cost reduction through economies of scale and standardized products, can be also an effective strategic option. Many marketing scholars including Theodore Levitt emphasize the importance of applying the mass production concept to various industries including service industries. Especially, in times of economic downturn, the capability of providing consumers with low-priced, value products can be an important source of competitive advantage, as well as the ability of providing high-priced premium products. Marketers should decide whether they will implement mass marketing strategy or target marketing strategy. The present study theoretically shows that firms should understand the target customers' price elasticity as well as the firm's cost structure in order to make such a strategic decision. Research design, data, and methodology - Instead of implementing an empirical study, this study provides a theoretical(mathematical) investigation on the effect of consumers' price elasticity on a firm's optimal price level, profit, sales volume, revenue, and cost. The results are mostly deduced from derivative calculations and several graphs are utilized to represent the results on the relationships between the variables under study. Results - The analytical results suggest that it is more profitable for a firm to adopt the segment/target marketing strategy (more specifically the differentiation strategy) when the degree of consumers' heterogeneity is high and the proportion of the fixed cost in the total cost is low. On the other hand, if the degree of consumers' heterogeneity is low and the fixed cost is high, it is better to adopt the mass marketing strategy or the cost leadership strategy. The strategy of concentrating on a single target market will be effective when consumers' needs are highly heterogeneous but the fixed cost is high. Any of the three types of generic strategies proposed my Porter(1980, 1985) can be applied when both the consumers' heterogeneity and the fixed cost are low. This study also proposes the contribution-margin-based method for developing the optimal pricing strategy. Conclusions - One of the primary roles of marketers is to find a proper compromise between the two conflicting goals of maximizing customer satisfaction and minimizing cost. In order to do so, he or she should understand the characteristics of the target customers as well as the cost structure of the firm. In addition to the theoretical analyses, this study discusses several business cases and explains how superior companies find the optimal compromise position between these two goals and dominate the market. One of the radical changes recently taking place in business arena is the reduction of production and distribution costs of both physical goods and information due to the advancement and the wide diffusion of information technology. The cost reduction combined with lowered priced elasticity incurred by customized products and services, will enable many firms to adopt the mass customization strategy.