• Journal of muscle and joint health
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.33-40
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• 2008

Purpose: This study was to find out the relationships between helplessness and health behavior of patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Method: The subjects were 293 rheumatoid arthritis patients who visit 2 rheumatology outpatient clinics in G city. Data were collected by questionnaires including Arthritis helplessness index(Nicassio, Wallston, Callahan, Herbert, & Pincus, 1985)and health behavior assessment scale(Jo, Oh & Choe, 2000). The data were analyzed with Pearson correlation coefficient, t-test, ANOVA and Duncan's multiple range test. Results: The majority of the subjects were women and the mean age was 50.4years. The mean duration of illness was 8.9years. There were negative correlations between the degree of helplessness and the degree of health behavior. The degree of helplessness was significantly high in those who were older, female, less educated, out of workforce, and those who had no chances to attend any arthritis-related classes. The degree of health behavior was significantly low in those who were older, high school graduate, in higher economic status, married, and those who had chances to attend arthritis-related classes. Conclusion: To reduce the helplessness of rheumatoid arthritis patients, the nursing intervention which is to increase the health behavior should be developed and provided to the rheumatoid arthritis patients.

• Journal of muscle and joint health
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.50-60
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• 2020

Purpose: This study aimed to identify the effects of preceptor's leadership, preceptor-preceptee exchange relationship, and preceptee's self-leadership on newly hired nurses' turnover intention. Methods: Participants were 175 nurses working at general hospitals in D city. Data were collected from 164 nurses in May 2019 and were analyzed using multiple linear regression with SPSS/WIN 24.0 program. Results: Newly hired nurses' turnover intention was negatively correlated with preceptor's transactional leadership (r=-.23, p=.003), preceptor's emotional leadership (r=-.28, p<.001), preceptor-preceptee exchange relationship (r=-.34, p<.001), and preceptee's self-leadership (r=-.23, p=.004). The work unit (β=.35, p<.001), preceptor-preceptee exchange relationship (β=-.28, p=.002), present work experience (β=.27, p=.043), and marital status (β=-.19, p=.009) were significant predictors of the turnover intention (R²=.26, p<.001). Conclusion: Therefore, in order to reduce the degree of turnover of new nurses, improving the exchange relationship of preceptor-preceptee is required, and balancing between work and life should be considered especially for the married new nurses.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.879-889
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• 2018

Objectives: This study aimed to provide basic data to establish a foundation for efficient operation of the organization by identifying the factors that affect the job embeddedness of dental hygienists. Methods: A survey was conducted from March to July 2018, targeting dental hygienists working in dental clinics and hospitals. Results: The study of the factors affecting job embeddedness of dental hygienists revealed that along with career, marital status, surface acting of emotional labor, and even emotional hiding and false expression, which are sub-areas of the surface acting, have statistically significant influences on job embeddedness. In other words, in a married dental hygienist with relatively high work experience, the surface acting of emotional labor is found to be high in job embeddedness, and the explanatory power of the model is approximately 53.2%. Conclusions: In order to improve the job embeddedness of clinical dental hygienists, it seems necessary to prepare an effective program to strengthen the surface behavior of emotional labor.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.231-239
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• 2019

Objectives: This study was conducted to understand the influencing factors of job satisfaction of clinical dental hygienists in schoolwork, and use the basic data to enhance their job satisfaction. Methods: A self-reported questionnaire was filled out by 210 dental clinic hygienists from June 10 to August 30 of 2018. Data were analyzed using SPSS 22.0. Independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, Scheffe's post-hoc test, and Pearson correlation coefficient were reviewed, and a multiple regression analysis was conducted. Results: The scores of subjects' professional self-concept, self-esteem, job stress, and job satisfaction were 3.37, 3.80, 2.79, and 3.37, respectively. The influencing factors of job satisfaction of clinical dental hygienists in schoolwork included marital status, support in workplace, professional self-concept, and job stress, with 41.6% of the explanatory power. Conclusions: The stronger the professional self-concept, the lower the job-stress and higher the job satisfaction. The job satisfaction was also higher in the group in which the subjects were married and getting support in the workplace compared to the other group with no support in the workplace. Therefore, support systems and institutional support are required for clinical dental hygienists to be continuously educated in the workplace.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.49-57
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• 2019

Background: The purpose of this study was to examine the cultural competence of nurses caring for foreign patients in general hospitals. Methods: The subjects are 308 nurses who work in general hospitals in Seoul and Gyeonggi-do. The data, collected using a structured questionnaire on cultural competence, coping strategy, multicultural experience, intercultural uncertainty, and intercultural anxiety, were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, analysis of variance, Pearson's correlation analysis, and hierarchical multiple regression. Results: Cultural competence was significantly associated with marital status, level of education, type of ward, and number of cared foreign patients. In hierarchical multiple regression analysis, the level of cultural competence was significantly associated with married, master degree qualified, high level of coping strategy and multicultural experience, and low level of cultural uncertainty. Conclusion: The findings revealed the need for educational programs which can contribute to lower the intercultural uncertainty and to enhance coping strategies dealing with foreign patients. In addition, individual and organization efforts to provide opportunities to expand nurses' multicultural experience will affect nurses' cultural competence development.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.9 no.7
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• pp.153-171
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• 2022

To measure economic performance, customer satisfaction indices are constructed. This study proposes an index for banking and telecom, a significant evaluative system for comparing and enhancing customer satisfaction across the industries. The study suggests and examines amendments and improvements to the prior indices and incorporates ignored indicators to propose a punier index for Pakistan. The study is a pioneer in integrating online and offline indices into a single comprehensive model. The study is enriched by the Theory of Reasoned Action and Technological Acceptance Model. A sample of 320 respondents was used. The sample was divided based on gender and marital status. To authenticate the theoretical model, PLS-SEM was applied. We discovered nine latent variables that define customer satisfaction and conclude that a single model can be utilized for e-commerce enterprises as well. The index scores are comparable to the American index for banking and the Turkish index for telecom. Multi-group analysis (MGA) was used to comprehend the differences among the groups. This reveals that customization, design, reliability, and responsiveness induce satisfaction in telecom male and married customers. For the banking industry, the difference exists in complaint handling, customization, corporate image, perceived price, reliability, responsiveness, sentiments, convenience, and security to satisfaction links, image and complaint handling to loyalty links.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.99-111
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• 2023

This study compares and analyzes changes in users' perceptions of industrial catering food service quality before and after COVID-19. The survey enrolled 226 subjects at five industrial catering establishments in Seoul and Gyeonggi Province; a total of 204 customers with complete data were included in the final analysis. Factor analysis was conducted to verify convergence validity and construct reliability; results pertaining to 'service and environmental hygiene' and 'quality of food' were extracted. Among the general variables of food service quality, differences were obtained in the user's perceptions of food service qualities according to gender, education, and marital status. Our results revealed that women, low education, and married people perceived significant differences in all attributes before and after COVID-19. Additionally, varied altered perceptions were determined for service quality according to the occupations of the subjects. However, no differences were obtained for pleasant dining environment in the 'service and environmental hygiene factor' and variety of desserts in the 'food quality factor'.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.30-37
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• 2024

Consumption market research was conducted on gradually increasing vegetarians using various selection attributes. Factors were extracted to identify vegetarian selection attributes and to divide the study cohort into groups, continuous variables (health, animal welfare, eco-friendliness, religion, familiarity, convenience, stability, and cost) and categorical variables (age, marital status, vegetarian duration, and vegetarian frequency) were simultaneously subjected to two-step cluster analysis. Cluster 1 contained high proportions of 20-29 and 30-39 year-olds, which are MZ-generation age groups. A high proportion had a vegetarian duration of 1-3 years, and the popular reasons for vegetarian selection were animal welfare and eco-friendliness. Cluster 2 contained high proportions of 50-59 and 40-49 year-olds, and many in this cluster were married, and mean vegetarian duration was ≥15 years. In addition, significant differences were observed between Clusters 1 and 2 in terms of religion, health, familiarity, cost, stability, and convenience. This study should contribute significantly to predicting vegetarian consumers' selection decisions and consumption behaviors and provide reliable marketing data for foodservice companies that develop vegetarian foods.

• Journal of muscle and joint health
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.57-71
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• 1998

This study purports to examine sociodemographic characteristics and those factors associated with osteoarthritis in women experiencing the disease in order to make suggestions for the prevention and management of osteoarthritis in women. The subjects were 143 women who were diagnosed to have osteoarthritis and under follow-up care at an outpatient department of a university-affiliated hospital. The data were collected through personal interviews by using the structured questionnaire between October 6 and October 24, 1997. The degree of daily living activities was measured with 24 items, which were made based upon Katz Index, Barthel Index and Functional Status Index. Each item has 4 response categories : (1) being able to do alone with any difficulty, (2) being able to do alone with some difficulty, (3) being able to do alone with the help of a person or an instrument, (4) not being able to do at all. The data was analyzed with correlation analysis, t-test, ANOVA, and regression analysis. The results are summarized as follows : 1. As for the age of the subjects, 59.4% were between 45 and 64 years, while 28% were 65 years and above. The subjects having religion were 71.7% and 44.1% of the subjects were protestants. The educational level was low : 31.5% graduated from elementary school, while 30.1% had no formal education. Those married subjects were 72%. Fifty nine percent of the subjects evaluated their economic status as middle class. 2. Those people from whom the subjects currently receive some help were spouses in 35.8% of the subjects. Likewise, 50% of the subjects indicated spouse as the people from whom they want to receive help. 3. The score of the ability of daily living activities ranged between 48 and 96, with the mean of 78.94. Those means of physical activity, ADL(activities of daily living) and IADL(instrumental activities of daily living) were 14.89, 13.97 and 50.09, respectively. Except for the items of carrying heavy stuff and of washing clothes in the sitting position the subjects showed independence in more than 90% of the items, where Independence is defined as being able to do alone or with the help of a person or an instrument. 4. The increase in age was a significant predictor of the decrease in the ability of daily living activities. Those graduated from middle school and above showed a significantly higher degree in the ability of daily living activities than those with less educational level. The married women revealed significantly higher scores in physical activity, ADL, and IADL than the unmarried ones. The ability of daily living activities was not significantly related to having religion, economic status and living with family. 5. The average duration of experiencing osteoarthritis was 4 years and 7 months. Regarding the site of the onset, 65% of the subjects indicated knees. The women with osteoarthritis for less than 3 years were 65%. The ability of daily living activities was significantly different by the duration of illness : the longer the duration of illness, the less the ability of activities. The above findings suggest the need for developing those programs for prevention disabilities in performing daily living activities and for managing diseases targeting the women of middle and old age, with low educational level, and with unmarried status. In addition, there should be developed an instrument for measuring the ability of daily living activities which reflects daily lives of Korean women with osteoarthritis in order to examine comprehensive effects of osteoarthritis on women's daily lives in this country.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.97-111
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• 1995

In our society today, a variety of medical caring system, along with a scientific development in the area of oriental medical science plus national demand, has increased the augmentation and the opening of oriental wards and hospitals (Han Bang), which has come to create an additional requirement of nursing activity at oriental medicine wards should be different from that of the general wards or the same as the other. In view of this, various studies need to be made in this connection. The purpose of this study is to comprehend the number of nurses who want to work at oriental medicine wards and measure job satisfaction in nursing as compared with those working at general wards so as to provide basic materials for future assignment and supplementary training for the nurses. An attempt was made to contribute toward nursing administration on the one hand improving nursing training course on the other hand. A total of 72 nurses currently working at two oriental medicine hospitals available in Seoul and 82 general nurses were selected for this study using the questionaire from December 1993 to January 1994. An instrument for the study was based on the measurement of work satisfaction developed by Paula L. Stamps including 37 questions complemented by Kim for revision (1993) and 14 questions regarding general characteristics and oriental medicine wards. The instrument to test dependability showed Cronbach's=0.7711. The collected data have been processed by computer package SPSS. General characteristics of the two groups and the matters involved in oriental medicine wards were calculated into real figure and percentage an similarities between the two groups were analyzed by t-test and F-test according to the characteristics of variables. The comparative test on work satisfaction among the two groups including general characteristics and work factors were conducted by t-test and F-test. The major findings as a result of the study are as follows : 1. As general characteristics, age group of $26{\sim}30$ years are more than any segment of age. As to marital status, the number of those in single status is slightly higher than the married. Approximately 80% of them are graduates of nursing schools and nursing colleges. They are mostly in service for one to three years. There is no significant difference between the two groups. 2. The number of those who want to work at oriental medicine wards represents 40.3% against 58.4%, being in favor of general wards. 3. The reason for service at oriental medicine wards is that "there is room for potential research" which happened to rank first, followed by "easy job," "good working atmosphere" and "growing interest in oriental medicine." 4. Work satisfactions among nurses who work at oriental medicine wards prove greater than that of nurses who work at general wards. 5. Work satisfaction between the two groups by work factors is reflected with significant difference statistically on task requirement, interaction and doctor-nurse relationships. 6. The general charcateristics and the work satisfaction by work factors prove that there are significant difference in age, marital status, education and the period of work. They tend to be more satisfied with the work as they grow in age. Significant differneces are found in the work factors such as autonomy, adiministration and professional job in the relationship with doctor-nurse. As to marital status, the married are more satisfied than the unmarried. There are significant differneces in the factors respecting administration and doctor-nurse college graduates are highly satisfied with task requirement. However, satisfaction with the professional level has proven the highest degree for those having master degree. The period of work and satisfaction : There are significant differneces in task requirement, administration, interactions, professional level and doctor-nurse relationships. As a general rule, the degree of satisfactions is in proportion to the lengrh of service. The following conclusions are drawn based on the fndings mentioned above. Even though the work satisfaction of the nurse who work at oriental medicine ward is relatively high, it is desired that personal consultation be given as to disposition of nurses when they are assigned to oriental medicine wards. It is also recommended that lectures on oriental medicine be conducted through supplementary training and/or basic nursing course in order that they may be motivated for ingenious activities with an increasing sense of self-esteem which will eventually enhance positive changes for the patients who are in need of oriental medicine nursing and for the medical teams. In addition, joint reseaches involvingclinical care and education should be in constant process for unique and scientific development for those who are subject to oriental medicine nursing care.