• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.45 no.1
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• pp.107-111
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• 2012

Eight marine sediments from Busan port in Korea were annually analyzed to examine the concentration distribution of dioxins from 2006 to 2010. Yearly mean concentration of dioxins ranged from 186.3 to $383.3pg\;g^{-1}$ in real values and 5.087 to 8.541 pg-TEQ (Toxicity equivalency) based on dry weight of samples. The dioxin concentration at the site near fishing market was the highest concentration among all sampling sites. Also the dioxin concentration at the sites with various pollutant sources such as large ships, sewage influx and thermal power station as well as fishing market was higher than that of the sites without specific pollutant sources. Another main factor that affects the dioxin concentration is topography characteristics of the bay. The bay has relatively high dioxin concentration because of the lack of the pollutant diffusion. This study demonstrated that the dioxin concentration in the site with pollutant sources and the lack of the pollutant diffusion was relatively high as compared with the other sites. As a result of contribution ratio of dioxin congeners, OCDD (Octachlorodibenzodioxin) in all sites was major contributor in real value, in contrast, dioxin congeners in TEQ values were dominated by 2,3,4,7,8-PeCDF.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.97-121
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• 2001

Until now, we have believed that one of advantages of cyber market is that it can virtually display and sell goods because it does not necessary maintain expensive physical shops and inventories. But, in a highly competitive environment, business model that does away with goods in stock must be modified. As we know in the case of AMAZON, leading companies already consider merchandise management as a critical success factor in their business model. That is, a solution to compete against one's competitors in a highly competitive environment is merchandise management as in the traditional retail market. Cyber market has not only past sales data but also web log data before sales data that contains information of path that customer search and purchase on cyber market as compared with traditional retail market. So if we can correctly analyze the characteristics of before sales patterns using web log data, we can better prepare for the potential customers and effectively manage inventories and merchandises. We introduce a systematic analysis method to extract useful data for merchandise management - demand forecasting, evaluating & selecting - using web mining that is the application of data mining techniques to the World Wide Web. We use various techniques of web mining such as clustering, mining association rules, mining sequential patterns.

• Journal of Korea Game Society
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.3-12
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• 2020

The introduction of 5G greatly reduced service traffic speed and capacity problems. In this communication environment, the market demand for cloud games is increasing, and cloud games are considered as a replacement for mobile games in the future. This study explains the changes in the game industry, and the characteristics and market status of cloud games. Next, this study suggests competitive advantage elements for cloud games market. We expect that this study could help make decisions related to policy support for the cloud game market and industry.

• International Journal of Control, Automation, and Systems
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• v.3 no.spc2
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• pp.355-362
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• 2005

Deregulations and market practices in power industry have brought great challenges to the system planning area. In particular, they introduce a variety of uncertainties to system planning. New techniques are required to cope with such uncertainties. As a promising approach, probabilistic methods are attracting more and more attentions by system planners. In small signal stability analysis, generation control parameters play an important role in determining the stability margin. The objective of this paper is to investigate power system state matrix sensitivity characteristics with respect to system parameter uncertainties with analytical and numerical approaches and to identify those parameters have great impact on system eigenvalues, therefore, the system stability properties. Those identified parameter variations need to be investigated with priority. The results can be used to help Regional Transmission Organizations (RTOs) and Independent System Operators (ISOs) perform planning studies under the open access environment.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.789-795
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• 2014

In a demand response (DR) market run by independent system operators (ISOs), load aggregators are important market participants who aggregate small retail customers through various DR programs. A load aggregator can minimize the allocation cost by efficiently allocating its demand response resources (DRRs) considering retail customers' characteristics. However, the uncertain response behaviors of retail customers can influence the allocation strategy of its DRRs, increasing the economic risk of DRR allocation. This paper presents a risk-based DRR allocation method for the load aggregator that takes into account not only the physical characteristics of retail customers but also the risk due to the associated response uncertainties. In the paper, a conditional value-at-risk (CVaR) is applied to deal with the risk due to response uncertainties. Numerical results are presented to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.21 no.7
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• pp.211-220
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• 2021

The aim of the study is to implement a factor analysis of the determinants of pricing in a state-regulated competitive market using economic and mathematical modelling methods and to develop ways to improve the pricing environment of the market under study. The purpose of the work defines the main objectives: (i) to investigate the features of the competitive model of the Ukrainian flour market; (ii) to analyse the current price conjuncture of the flour market and the dynamics of the main determinants of pricing; (iii)to develop ways of improving the price situation on the flour market on the basis of the factor analysis on the results of economic and mathematical modelling. In order to ensure the reliability and validity of the research results, the following methods were applied: the logical-dialectical method of scientific knowledge in the study of the main theoretical aspects of flour market functioning, the method of logical generalisation and synthesis, comparison, factor analysis, correlation and regression analysis, the graphical method, etc. It has been shown that pricing in a state-regulated competitive market has its own characteristics. For example, in the flour market the price of goods cannot be influenced by producers (sellers) by any methods, therefore determinants of pricing by indirect influence have been taken into account. The five-factor power model of wheat flour price has been constructed. It was substantiated that the price of wheat flour in Ukraine is mostly influenced by consumer price index (0.92 %). The received complex model of wheat flour price may be used also for medium-term forecasting and working out the ways of price formation optimization in the flour market.

• Asian Journal of Innovation and Policy
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.1-19
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• 2013

As the catch-up innovation system was exposed to a new competition environment in which second-tier catch-up countries reduced the gap with Korea and advanced Korean firms entered into the frontier product market, it is experiencing system delay in terms of organizational and policy change. Therefore, innovation policy needs to be reorganized from a dynamic perspective to analyze the problems in the transition period and enable the system to overcome organizational and institutional delays. This article investigates the characteristics of transition periods in terms of external environment changes and internal socio-economic pressures. Based on the analysis of environment changes and catch-up system characteristics, it suggests the framework for policy intervention, direction, and practical principles for post catch-up innovation policy. In particular, it suggests the network-based developmental state and policy implementation in order to overcome the limitation of centralized developmental state of catch-up periods.

• Proceedings of the SAREK Conference
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• 2008.06a
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• pp.1225-1230
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• 2008

Recently the building material have been developed with the concept of controlling the indoor environment as well as the concept of emitting contaminants less. So, a lot of products with humidity control characteristics put it on the market. However, objective evaluation to these products doesn't work out. Thus consumers cannot obtain accurate information to these products. Therefore, we selected inorganic paint in the functionality materials and evaluated its humidity control characteristic in this research. We divided by four stages and evaluated this inorganic paint. The 1st and 2nd third experiments were executed on a natural condition and the fourth experiment was executed with humidity had been raised by using the humidifier.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.107-117
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• 2023

Purpose: This study attempted to confirm the mediating effect of brand experience and to travel brand community satisfaction in the relationship between the characteristics of brand community contents and travel product purchase intention. This study also investigated the moderating role of consumer characteristics. Research design, data and methodology: Based on a total of 381 bytes of data, hypothesis verification was conducted using Smart-PLS 3.2.8 statistical package programs. Results: First, the content community travel brand attributes, personal affordability and creativity are a lingering fragrances on the intended consumers ' shopping trip. Second, information provision, interaction, and creativity, which are the characteristics of travel brand community content, influenced consumers' intention to purchase travel products through brand community satisfaction. Third, playfulness, vitality, and creativity, which are the characteristics of travel brand community content, influenced consumers' intention to purchase travel products through double mediation of the experience and community satisfaction of brand. Conclusions: Tourism industry managers should be able to market content by forming their own brand community. It is necessary to create an environment in which tourism industry managers can use social media travel brand community content to give discounts to consumers, provide creative, playful and vivid travel information.

• Journal of Information Technology Services
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.253-267
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• 2014

This study explores to identify the characteristics of the business model by comparing and analyzing the value creation between two cases, and to be successful in business model innovation. In order for the pursuit of purposes, domestic and international firm' business model cases are analyzed. Regarding the business model innovation, huge differences are found between two cases. First, a clear customer value proposal is important. Netflix is constantly monitoring the customer's needs and satisfactions to improve value proposition, while Joycube, domestic firm does not adjust to meet the change of the customer's behaviors. Second, the business model innovation should be taking into account the customer's behaviors in the constant changing market environments. For the growth, firms should consider strategic monitoring the market environments, and find a novelty of the markets, and to create the jump through business model innovation.