• Molecules and Cells
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.146-151
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• 2008

The brown planthopper (BPH) is a major insect pest in rice, and damages these plants by sucking phloem-sap and transmitting viral diseases. Many BPH resistance genes have been identified in indica varieties and wild rice accessions, but none has yet been cloned. In the present study we report fine mapping of the region containing the Bph1 locus, which enabled us to perform marker-aided selection (MAS). We used 273 F8 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from a cross between Cheongcheongbyeo, an indica type variety harboring Bph1 from Mudgo, and Hwayeongbyeo, a BPH susceptible japonica variety. By random amplification of polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis using 656 random 10-mer primers, three RAPD markers (OPH09, OPA10 and OPA15) linked to Bph1 were identified and converted to SCAR (sequence characterized amplified region) markers. These markers were found to be contained in two BAC clones derived from chromosome 12: OPH09 on OSJNBa0011B18, and both OPA10 and OPA15 on OSJNBa0040E10. By sequence analysis of ten additional BAC clones evenly distributed between OSJNBa0011B18 and OSJNBa0040E10, we developed 15 STS markers. Of these, pBPH4 and pBPH14 flanked Bph1 at distances of 0.2 cM and 0.8 cM, respectively. The STS markers pBPH9, pBPH19, pBPH20, and pBPH21 co-segregated with Bph1. These markers were shown to be very useful for marker-assisted selection (MAS) in breeding populations of 32 F6 RILs from a cross between Andabyeo and IR71190, and 32 F5 RILs from a cross between Andabyeo and Suwon452.

• Korean Journal of Biological Psychiatry
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.260-266
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• 2006

Objectives : Synapsin III near VCFS region on chromosome 22q affects. It could be an interesting candidate gene for schizophrenia. D22S280 is a highly polymorphic genetic marker residing in synapsin III. We examined association of D22S280 marker on synapsin III with Korean patients with schizophrenia. Methods : The subjects were 46 male Korean patients with schizophrenia and 60 male normal controls. Using polymerase chain reaction, gel electrophoresis, ABI 310 genetic analyzer, and GeneScan Collection 3.1 software, we confirmed genotypes of D22S280 marker. We examined Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium and case-control association using SAS/Genetic 9.1.3. Results : Genotypes of both schizophrenia and control groups were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. We could not find any significant statistical differences in allele-wise(${\chi}^2$=10.4, df=6, p=0.098) and genotype-wise (${\chi}^2$=22.1 df=19, p=0.258) analyses of D22S280 marker between schizophrenia and normal controls. Individual allele analyses with df=1 showed significant differences in A1(p=0.025) and A7(p=0.034) allele, which were not significant following Bonferroni corrections(A1:p=0.177, A7:p=0.235). Conclusion : We couldn't find any association between schizophrenia and the synapsin III gene. Given the small number of subjects studied, further investigations are needed.

• Korean Journal of Plant Tissue Culture
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.317-323
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• 2000

Molecular genetic techniques can now be applied to the development of advanced plant genotypes, either through genetic transformation or genomic approaches which allow researchers to transfer specific traits using molecular markers. In this paper, we discuss the use of these techniques towards understanding the genetics of blackleg resistance in Brassica. In a comparative mapping study between Arabidopsis thaliana and Brassica napus, 6 R-ESTs, 7 B. napus RFLP markers and a B. napus EST were located in a collinear region of N7 (B. napus) and chromosome 1 (A. thaliana). One of the A. thaliana R-ESTs and 4 of the B. napus RFLPs co-segregated and mapped to the LmRl locus for blackleg resistance. Introgression of blackleg resistance from wild relatives is also investigated with the possibility of accelerating the introgression process via marker assisted selection.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.15
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• pp.6187-6191
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• 2015

In 1997 for the first time, survivin was described by Amborsini et al. as an anti-apoptotic protein. Subsequent studies revealed that survivin is a multifunctional protein that plays critical roles in several crucial cell processes such as apoptosis, cell cycle, chromosome movement, mitosis and cellular stress responses. Moreover, it's overexpression in cancer cells versus normal cells is associated with chemotherapy resistance, increased tumor recurrence, and shorter patient survival. All of these features make survivin a promising target for cancer therapy. Here, we review the potential characteristics of survivin as a tumor marker.

• Journal of Breast Disease
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.79-83
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• 2018

Cowden syndrome (CS), also known as multiple hamartomas syndrome, is a rare hereditary autosomal dominant disorder caused by a germline mutation in the phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) gene mapped on chromosome 10. The clinical features of CS are variable, primarily presenting as mucocutaneous lesions (99%). A mucocutaneous lesion, such as trichilemmoma of the face or keratosis of the extremities, is an important diagnostic marker for CS. CS has been reported to increase the incidence of benign and malignant neoplasms in the breast, thyroid, and gastrointestinal tract. The risk of developing malignancy in individuals with CS is up to 10 times higher than general population throughout an entire life time.

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.304-310
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• 2011

In previous studies, we reported QTLs for grain weight (GW), qGW3 and for spikelets per panicle (SPP), qSPP3 linked to RM60 on chromosome 3 using advanced backcross lines derived from a cross between Oryza sativa ssp. Indica cv. Milyang 23 and O. glaberrima. The O. glaberrima alleles at this locus increased GW and spikelets per panicle in the Milyang 23 background. To further confirm and narrow down the position of the QTLs on chromosome 3, substitution mapping was performed using five lines containing the target O. glaberrima segment on chromosome 3. The size and position of the O. glaberrima segment on chromosome 3 were different in each line. These lines possessed 3-10 non-target O. glaberrima introgressions in the Milyang 23 background. These five lines were evaluated for seven agronomic traits including 1,000 grain weight and spikelets per panicle and also genotyped with seven SSR markers. Four lines were informative in delimiting the position of QTLs, qGW3 and qSPP3. Two lines with the O. glaberrima segment flanked by SSR markers, RM60 and RM523 displayed significantly higher values than Milyang 23 in GW and SPP whereas two lines without that O. glaberrima segment displayed no difference in GW and SPP compared to Milyang 23. The result indicates that two QTL, qGW3 and qSPP3 are located in the interval between RM60 and RM523 which are 1.2-Mb apart. Introgression lines having QTLs, qGW3 and qSPP3 would be useful materials not only to indentify the relationship between these two yield QTLs, but also to develop high yielding variety via marker-aided selection technology.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.19 no.10
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• pp.1463-1467
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• 2009

Telomeres, comprised of tandem repeats of TTAGGG sequences, are special nucleoprotein structures that protect and stabilize chromosome ends. These structures form the crux of the telomere concept of aging, senescence and genomic instability. The classic terminal restriction fragment (TRF) analysis to quantify the amount of telomeric DNA is disadvantageous in species containing ultra long telomeres like in mice (100Kb). In this study, we used a more sensitive quantitative fluorescence in situ hybridization (Q FISH) technique to quantify telomeric DNA, and used it as a biological aging marker in mice. 12 litters each of Senescence-Resistant (SAMR1) and -Prone (SAMP1) known as senescence accelerated mouse strains were purchased from Central Lab, Animal Inc. We quantified the amount of telomeric DNA using telomere specific DNA probes on the two strains of male mice at 8 weeks, 18 weeks and 26 weeks of age. The amount of telomeric DNA correlated with aging and age associated changes in body and organ weight between SAMR1 and SAMP1 strains of mice. These data suggest the usefulness of the amount of telomeric DNA as a biological aging marker in human aging studies.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.50 no.4
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• pp.445-456
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• 2008

Telomeres consist of TTAGGG tandem repeated DNA sequences with specific proteins and locate at chromosome ends. Telomeres are essential for chromosome stability and are related with cell senescence, apoptosis and cancer. Telomerase is a ribonucleoprotein which has a template for the synthesis of telomeric DNA. This study was carried out to analyze the amount of telomeric DNA and telomerase activity in cattle cells. Analysis of the quantity of telomere in lymphocytes was done at different ages, sex and among Korean cattle and Holstein breeds. The telomerase activity was also analyzed in liver, brain, heart, kidney, and testis tissues of fetal calf and of 18 month old cattle. The amount of telomeres in lymphocytes and other tissue cells was analyzed by Quantitative-Fluorescence in situ Hybridization (Q-FISH) technique using a telomeric DNA probe. Telomerase activity was analyzed by Telomeric Repeat Amplification Protocol assay (TRAP). The amount of telomeric DNA on the lymphocytes during the whole life span was decreased along with age. Quantity of telomeres in Korean cattle was significantly higher than that in Holstein breed. The amount of telomeric DNA in males was significantly higher than that in females. Telomerase activity was up-regulated in most bovine tissues during fetal stage, but was down-regulated in most tissues at mature 18 month age except the testis cells. This study indicates that the amount of telomeres and telomerase activity of cells can be used as an age marker or/and a physiological marker of cattle.

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.236-243
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• 2009

This study was conducted to develop a japonica-type rice cultivar with brown planthopper (BPH) resistance using DNA markers. A doubled haploid (DH) population consisting of 120 pure-lines was established by anther culture of $F_1$ hybrids between 'Samgang', a Tongil type BPH resistance cultivar, and 'Nagdong', a japonica cultivar. To determine the map position of genes responsible for BPH resistance in rice, a genetic map was constructed based on 120 DH lines. A total of 162 molecular markers were classified into 12 linkage groups, covering 1,884 Kosami centimorgan (cM) with an average of 11.6 cM. Five QTLs (qBPR3, qBPR6, qBPR7, qBPR8, and qBPR12) associated with BPH resistance were identified and mapped on chromosomes 3, 6, 7, 8, and 12, respectively, using the genetic map constructed in this study. To analyze the relationship between BPH resistance and agronomic traits, a total of eight QTLs related to the agronomic traits were detected on 12 rice chromosomes. In an analysis of relationships, three QTLs (qBPR3, qBPR7, and qBPR8) showed a linkage with tested agronomic traits. A QTL (qBPR3) located on chromosome 3 (RM282-3023) was closely linked to culm length (qCL3). The QTL (qBPR8) for BPH resistance on the short arm of chromosome 8 also overlapped the region detected in culm length (qCL8).

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.49 no.3
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• pp.250-255
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• 2017

'Hwaweon 7' was developed from a cross between the African upland cultivar, 'Moroberekan' and 'Ilpumbyeo' based on marker-aided backcross selection. The recurrent parent, Ilpumbyeo is a high grain quality cultivar with medium to late maturity. Hwaweon 7 is nearly isogenic to Ilpumbyeo except a small Moroberekan introgressed segment on chromosome 6 harboring genes related with spikelets per panicle and internode diameter. The preliminary and replicated yield trial was conducted at Chungnam National University and Chungcheongnamdo Agricultural Research & Extension (CARES), Yesan in 2010 and 2011. The local adaptability test was carried out by the National Seed Management Office (NSMO) in 2012 and 2013. This cultivar was registered to NSMO with a cultivar designated as "Hwaweon7". This cultivar averaged 80cm in culm length and has a medium growth duration. Milled rice of "Hwaweon7" is translucent and the grain quality traits are comparable to those of the recurrent parent. The average yield potential of Hwaweon 7 in grain was about 6.48 MT/ha at the ordinary fertilizer level for two years about 5.1% higher than that of Ilpumbyeo due to increase in spikelets per panicle. This variety is tolerant to lodging and the tolerance is due to the APO1 gene controlling the base internode diameter on chromosome 6 introgressed from the donor parent, Moroberekan. The Apo1 gene would be useful in enhancing resistance to lodging in rice breeding program.