• 수산해양교육연구
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.99-116
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• 2001

Testing is a procedure used to measure a sample of behaviour in order to discover how well a seafarer performs, usually in comparison with others, or compared with identified performance criteria. In this context It is important that the test, in whatever form it is being used, yields consistent results by being valid, reliable and practical. Whilst we can only take a sample of a person's knowledge or comprehension about topic in this way, testing methods do provide a more reliable estimate of performance than most other observational techniques; unsystematic or irregular observation being too unreliable. The method of examination has been specified in the provisions of Regulation 12 of the Decree of the ship officers act as followings. Other necessary matters for conducting oral and written examinations have been set out by the Minister. But written examination is too shortage of period and small number of question to cover the qualification of each level and oral test is just simple and namely Traditionally, written examinations have been provided as the only means for determining the acquisition of knowledge by the mariner. Typically, the examination formats have taken the format of either an essay or multiple choice examinations. Essay items, used in the vast majority of subject examination(not in Korea), consisted of three basic types: situational, descriptive and computational. The level of certificate being examined determined the number and mix of the type of essay questions selected. Oral question has again been used by assessors of seafarer in a wide variety of contexts. Also, oral questioning is often used when observation of performance is undertaken to ask why a certain action has been taken, or to be broaden the scope of what has been observed. At end, Each techniques have their own advantage and disadvantage, so we have to choose some or all of the following techniques, depending upon the certificate, qualification or job for which the trainee is aiming. But in high lank, we have to use both of essay type and multiple choice and with enough time of oral test at least 30 minutes. Who would be the assessor? According to the STCW Code Section A-I/6, instructors, supervisor and assessors are appropriately qualified for particular types and levels of training or assessment of competence of seafarers either on board or ashore, as required under the Convention, in accordance with the provisions of this section.

• 해양환경안전학회지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.393-399
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• 2010

최근 선박의 좌초 및 추돌 사고로 인한 해양오염이 심각해짐에 따라 선박의 조종성능에 대한 관심이 고조되고 있는 가운데 IMO에서는 Resolution MSC.137을 채택함으로써 조종성능에 대한 국제적인 기준이 강화되었다. 선박의 조종성능을 향상시키기 위해서는 여러 가지 방법이 있으나 본 연구에서는 타의 양적 증가가 조종성능 향상에 얼마나 기여하는지를 알아보고자 한다. 조종성능 평가 방법으로 수치 시뮬레이션을 이용하였고, 대상선형은 공시선형인 Mariner Class Vessel로 하였다. 조종성능 평가 방법은 선회 시험과 지그재그 시험을 수행하였고, 고 양력 타의 적용은 수학모델에서 타와 관련된 동유체력 미계수의 값을 양력 증가에 따라 변화 시켜 조종성능의 변화를 예측하였다. 시뮬레이션 결과, 타의 양력 증가로 인해 선회성능 개선이 예상되나, 변침성능을 저해할 가능성이 있는 것을 확인하였다.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.17-26
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• 2011

Bow shock, formed by the interaction between the solar wind and a planet, is generated in different patterns depending on the conditions of the planet. In the case of the earth, its own strong magnetic field plays a critical role in determining the position of the bow shock. However, in the case of Mars of which has very a small intrinsic magnetic field, the bow shock is formed by the direct interaction between the solar wind and the Martian ionosphere. It is known that the position of the Martian bow shock is affected by the mass loading-effect by which the supersonic solar wind velocity becomes subsonic as the heavy ions originating from the planet are loaded on the solar wind. We simulated the Martian magnetosphere depending on the changes of the density and velocity of the solar wind by using the three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic model built by modifying the comet code that includes the mass loading effect. The Martian exosphere model of was employed as the Martian atmosphere model, and only the photoionization by the solar radiation was considered in the ionization process of the neutral atmosphere. In the simulation result under the normal solar wind conditions, the Martian bow shock position in the subsolar point direction was consistent with the result of the previous studies. The three-dimensional simulation results produced by varying the solar wind density and velocity were all included in the range of the Martian bow shock position observed by Mariner 4, Mars 2, 3, 5, and Phobos 2. Additionally, the simulation result also showed that the change of the solar wind density had a greater effect on the Martian bow shock position than the change of the solar wind velocity. Our result may be useful in analyzing the future observation data by Martian probes.

• 한국항해항만학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국항해항만학회 2004년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.269-274
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• 2004

선박의 안전운항을 위한 각종 전자시스템의 개발과 도입은 항해사에게 필요한 각종 운항정보를 보다 신속하고 정확하게 파악하여 항해사의 운항 업무 부담을 경감할 뿐만 아니라 안전 운항에 보다 집중하게 한다. ECDIS는 전자해도를 이용한 선박항해용 시스템으로 성능과 시험에 대하여 각각 IMO와 IEC의 국제기준을 준수해야 한다. 그러나 국제기준의 내용이 명확하지 않고 추상적인 부분이 많이 실제 시험인증에의 적용에 어려움이 있다. 그러므로 명확한 세부기준을 각 시험항목별로 수립하였고 필요 항목에 대한 시험방법과 판정기준을 제시하였다. 특히 ECDIS가 표현하는 색에 대한 색차 시험을 위하여 측정 장비를 통해 측정된 값을 이용한 색차판정절차 및 관련 식을 구축하였고 실제 선박에서 겼을 수 있는 것과 동일한 센서 정보 입력이 가능하도록 모의신호생성기를 개발하여 인증시험에 활용할 수 있게 하였다. 최초의 성능표준에 추가된 백업장치 및 레스터 모드에 대한 시험기준도 함께 수립하여 선박항해용전자해도시스템 전체에 대한 성능 시험인증 기술을 개발하였다.

• 수산경영론집
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.1-22
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• 1970

Our fisheries protucts industry has developed rapidly during past 10 years ; production was about twice: fihing fleets increased twice in number and 3 times in tonnage ; export was 5 times. Govermment is trying to develop deep sea fisheries in order to surmount the depression of coast fisheries. At present more than 270 deep sea fishing boats are working with superior skill to other country at the South Pacific, the Atlantic, the Indian, and the North Pacific Ocean. Our deep sea fisheries is consisted of the tuna long line and the trawler. The tuna long line of them has 230 crafts in 1969 ana the deep sea trawler has 40 crafts, too. Comparing to 1962, the number of the deep sea fishing boats has been increased highly to 54 times, 7.71 times average per year increasing rate. The rate of the tuna long line to the trawler at the end of 1969 shows 85:15, More than half of them are 100~200 (equation omitted), if we classify them according to (equation omitted) or boat craft. 70% of them has less than 5 years ships age. The Korean Marine Industry Development Corporation has more than 1/3 fishing fleets, with 91 crafts, if We consider it according to corporation. Considering it according to the financial resources, dependence upon foreign loan is as high as 88%. Catches was 74, 450 M/T ($24, 663, 000)at the end of November in 1969 and it was increased to 113.5 times in catch amount and 118 times in value, comparing to those of 1962. Considering it according to the ocean, the order is arranged to the Pacific, the Atlantic, and the Indian Ocean. The average production amount of each craft is 250~400 S/T a year. The result of export took up 1/3 of total fisheries product export with $ 22, 398, 000 at the end of november in 1969. Employee cost of fishing coast is 8% higher than other fishing. The profit is highest in our fisheries. Most of the products except the trawler fishing are sofa at the fishing grounds to the processing company, and they lose much money. They buy most of bait from Japan, giving $8~10 for 1C/S(10kg). Fish price is $390~520 according to the kind of fish for S/T at the fishing grounds, and the rapid frozen fishes brought to Japan are about $ 800 for S/T. There is much difference. in price. Problems 1. Want of self capital. 2. To get the refrigeration boats enough. 3. International Fishing Regulation. 4. To get high price and to secure consuming grounds. 5. To get home-production of bait. 6. To exploit new fishing grounds. 7. To get larger boats. 8. To get mariner enough. When the problems mentioned above are solved, the Deep Sea Fisheries of oun courtry will be developed more largely.

• 한국항해항만학회지
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• 제31권10호
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• pp.807-812
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• 2007

E-navigation 전략의 핵심 장비인 전자해도표시시스템(ECDIS)과 선박자동식별장치(AIS)등의 출현으로 항해사는 전자항해 방식에 적응하며 편리성과 효율성으로 인해 전자항해장비에 의존하게 되었다. 현재의 첨단항해장비는 e-input인 측위정보가 필요하나, 신뢰할 수 있는 측위정보는 제한되어 있으며 고정적이라 할 수 있다. 결과로 첨단항해장비의 운용 및 해양분야의 위치정보 이용을 위해 주 측위시스템의 고장에 대비한 백업 측위시스템이 필요하게 되었다. 즉, 주 측위시스템에 고장이 발생하여 측위시스템으로부터 위치정보를 제공받지 못할 경우, 전파측위시스템 이외의 측위도구를 준비하여야 한다. 본 연구에서는 항만 내 항해 및 위치정보 서비스의 요구를 만족하기 위해 측위시스템을 분석하여 주시스템, 백업시스템의 적절한 조합을 통해 항만측위시스템 이중화 설계를 목적으로 한다.