• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.32 no.8
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• pp.569-576
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• 2008

By the development of international trade in last decades, Korean International Trade has been grown rapidly and Korean Port and Port facilities have been improved stimultaneously: finally volume of the marine traffic increased rapidly. Presently, 15 VTS centers have serving in Korean waters and since the introduction of the first VIS Center in Korea there is no quantitative analysis to find workload of VIS operator. After that Port-MIS and De-brief data have been gathered for 7 days and inbound-outbound vessels time-g/t table prepared and traffic volume examined for each V1S center. Hence $L^2$ conversion traffic volume and dangerous vessel ratio obtained Later on conversion controlled number obtained by denoting ratio 1.0 to directly controlled vessels by VTSO and denoting ratio 0.3 to indirectly controlled vessels by VTSO. Traffic volume, large vessel ratio, dangerous vessel ratio, dimension of VTS controlled area, marine accident occurrence frequency and communication volume of comm. log can be counted as a factor which influence to workload of VTSO. All those factors have been examined and analyzed. Finally, ship's size and dangerous vessel ratio have been chosen to derive the Number of composite conversion control for workload formula.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.308-315
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• 2012

Hebei Spirit Oil Spill that happened in 2007 had prompted the need of revisiting the coastal safety. In response to this, Korea had made an effort to implement VTS in every coastline in the country. There are a lot of theoretical studies on VTS function nowadays, but coastal VTS are less frequently studied. In this paper, performance analysis results and accident prevention activities of Jindo Coastal VTS center were summarized and the Coastal VTS function are investigated. Jindo Coastal VTS covers relatively wide area and various places with various maritime traffic characteristics are the major navigation vessels, which means that it is important to control these vessels. Since the probability of accidents due to human error is relatively high in coastal area due to negligence tendency of crews during coastal area navigation, coastal VTS has to provide sufficient assistance to navigating vessels. Like most harbour VTS, Coastal VTS provides not only main information service, navigational assistance and traffic organization services but also various services related with advanced search-and-rescue assistance, marine national security, maritime crime prevention, oil spill response, traffic services for non-service vessel, and safety supervision for water leisure boats.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.40 no.5
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• pp.249-256
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• 2016

The International Association of Marine Aids to Navigation and Lighthouse Authorities(IALA) model course recommends specific aspects of basic curriculums for Vessel Traffic Services(VTS) operator education such as modules, course hours, contents, etc. Most domestic training programs for newly appointed VTS operators comply with such recommendations. The objective of this study is to determine whether such modules for VTS operator training recommended by the current IALA model course correspond to the actual opinions of VTS operators who are currently working in the field. To this end, the relative importance of basic modules for vessel traffic services operator training was analyzed using the Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP) method. A questionnaire was designed to include 8 modules recommended by the IALA model course, and the survey results of 52 individuals working at 5 VTS centers were analyzed. The result showed that, unlike the assumption by the IALA, domestic VTS operators viewed Nautical Knowledge as the most important modules, followed by Emergency Situations, Traffic Management, Language, Equipment, VHF Radio, Communication Co-ordination, and Personal Attributes, in that order.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.118-126
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• 2023

In accordance with the increased demand for ocean use, the Marine Spatial Planning system was introduced to rationally allocate ocean space, under which fishing activity protection zones have been designated to protect fishery activities and promote fishery resource protection. However, fishing vessels that mainly sail in fishing activity protection zones are exposed to risk, such that they account for about 70% of marine accidents that occur in Korea, Proper risk management is thus required. This study aims to analyze marine accidents in fishing activities protection zones and port and navigation zones to secure the safety of fishing vessels passing within fishing activity protection zones. To this end, the traffic volume in marine use zones was investigated, and marine accidents were investigated by ship type, accident type, tonnage, accident cause, and loss of life. Analysis determined that most of the marine accidents per unit area of each type occurred in port and navigation zones, but overall most marine accidents occurred in fishing activity protection zones. In particular, it was found that traffic safety management was necessary because many human accidents occurred.

• Proceedings of KOSOMES biannual meeting
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.123-126
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• 2003

In the present paper, the analysis is on the safe navigation between ships moving each other in restricted waterways under the external force, such as wind or current The numerical simulation of manoeuvring motion was carried out to propose an appropriate safe speed and distance between ships, which is required to avoid marine disasters from the viewpoint of marine safety. From the inspection q this investigation, it indicates the following result In case of proximal navigation between ships under the wind and current, the low-speed vessel is potentially hazardous because the rudder force if low-speed vessel needed for steady-state course-keeping is not sufficient, compared to the high-speed vessel The manoeuvring characteristic based on this investigation will be very useful for keeping the safety of navigation from the practical point of ships design and traffic control in restricted waterways.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.402-409
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• 2016

Vessel traffic servies (VTS) control movements in ports and coastal areas 24 hours a day using VHF. Thus, we were able to check ship movements and the patterns followed by VTS officers in VTS areas using VHF communication analysis. This study is intended to identify control intervals for dangerous situations and provide VTS officers with basic data and guidelines to prevent these occurrences in advance. We listened to Busan port's VHF communication for seven days and obtained risk values using the Park model with reference to controlled ships. The probability of a dangerous situation arising under a controller's watch per unit of time was confirmed to follow a Poisson distribution. As a result, for each 3.50 hours that VTS directly controls an area, (and in daytime for each 2.85 hours) a ship communicates in a VTS area every 3.84 hours, and some of there communications exceed certain risk values in VTS areas.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.642-648
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• 2019

Vessels sail according to the COLREG to prevent a collision. However, it is difficult to apply COLREG under special situation as heavy traffic, at this time personal skills of the operator are required. In this case, traffic control is required through the maritime traffic monitoring system. Therefore, maritime traffic management is globally implemented by VTS. In this system, VTS of icer uses the VTS system to assess risks and recommends possible safety operation to vessels with radio systems. This study considers that the risk analysis method with AI (Artificial Intelligence) technology from the operator's aspect. In addition, the research explains the Maritime Traffic Safety Monitoring System, Including AR (Augmented Reality) technology to increase vessel control efficiency. This system is able to predict hazards and risk priorities, and it leads to sequential elimination of dangerous situations. Especially, the hazard situations can be analyzed from operator's perspective of each vessel instead of the VTS officer's aspect, which is more practical than the conventional method. Furthermore, the result of analysis enables to comprehend quantitative hazardous areas and support recommended routes to avoid a collision. As a result, I firmly believe that the system will support to prevent a collision in complex traffic waters. In particular, it could be adopted as a collision prevention system for Maritime Autonomous Surface Ship, which occupies a significant proportion in Maritime 4th industrial revolution.

• Proceedings of KOSOMES biannual meeting
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• 2017.11a
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• pp.148-148
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• 2017

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.30 no.8 s.114
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• pp.617-622
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• 2006

Gamcheon Harbor was developed to cope with increased freight demand of Busan port and supplement function of the north port. Because container wharf is opened to 1997 as well as general wharf, present maximum 50,000DWT class containerships have been incoming and outgoing. However, In Gamcheon port, small size ships such as fishing boats, miscellaneous boats account for 50 percent of the traffic and a public marine products wholesale market that is building on the north wharf will open in 2008. Therefore, it needs to grasp future year traffic volume before establishing operation plan for port management. Also, analysis on crossing situation risk is required because the breakwater entrance in Gamcheon Harbor is narrow and the crossed passing of ship is ever-present at breakwater front. Thus the traffic volume in the future was presumed and quantitative analysis was achieved on crossing situation though simulations with the traffic volume.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.33 no.8
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• pp.519-524
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• 2009

Although it is expected to provide fundamental data for advanced VTS system by analyzing traffic accidents in VTS area, there is no quantitative analysis to find it.. In this research, it is examined and analyzed marine casualties records(1999-2004), data of Port-MIS and data of each VTS center. The results of this research are as below. 1) It is necessary to reduce traffic accident and to improve VTS operating system. 2) It is discovered for statistical discrepancy between vessels controlled by VTS and vessels not controlled by VTS in accident cause, visibility, perception distance and cause of late perception in collision accidents 3) It is necessary for VTS assistance to be positive and to made in ample time consecutively. 4) As the result of traffic accident prediction model, it is necessary to develop a system improving VTS operators' ability to identify dangerous ships.