• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2017.06a
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• pp.116-116
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• 2017

Low-temperature is one of the environmental stress factors that affect plant growth and development and consequently limit crop productivity. The control of seed germination under low-temperature is organized by many genes which are called quantitative trait loci (QTLs). High germination rate for low-temperature is an important factor of growing rice. Previously, we identified a major QTL controlling low-temperature germinability in rice using 96 introgression lines (ILs) derived from a cross between Oryza rufipogon (Rufi) and the Korean japonica cultivar, 'Hwaseongbyeo (HS)'. A $BC_3F_7$ line (TR5) showed better low-temperature germinability than its recurrent parent. TR5 was crossed with HS to develop a segregating F2:3 populations for the target QTL. Six SSR markers polymorphic between HS and Rufi were used to screen and fine map the qLTG1. The qLTG1 on chromosome 1, which accounted for 55.5% of the total phenotypic variation, confirmed that Rufi allele enhanced the low-temperature germinability. Intervals between markers CRM16 and CRM15, four candidate genes were identified. The identified candidate genes, which are encoded by a protein of unknown function, showed their direct involvement on seed germination at low-temperature. To identify genes targeted by qLTG1, we investigated the expression profiles of these candidate genes and germination behavior of qLTG1 under different stress conditions and compared to HS, Rufi, and TR5 at $13{\pm}2^{\circ}C$ for 3 days after incubation. Furthermore, transgenic rice plants will also be developed to conduct a detailed investigation on low-temperature germinability. Hence, the QTL for low-temperature germinability would be useful in rice breeding programs especially in the development of lines possessing low-temperature germinability.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.20 no.12
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• pp.1805-1811
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• 2007

A simulation study was conducted to evaluate the effect of reciprocal cross on the detection and characterization of parent-of-origin (POE) QTL in $F_2$ QTL populations. Data were simulated under two different mating designs. In the one-way cross design, six $F_0$ grand sires of one breed and 30 $F_0$ grand dams of another breed generated 10 $F_1$ offspring per dam. Sixteen $F_1$ sires and 64 $F_1$ dams were randomly chosen to produce a total of 640 $F_2$ offspring. In the reciprocal design, three $F_0$ grand sires of A breed and 15 $F_0$ grand dams of B breed were mated to generate 10 $F_1$ offspring per dam. Eight $F_1$ sires and 32 $F_1$ dams were randomly chosen to produce 10 $F_2$ offspring per $F_1$ dam, totaling 320 $F_2$ offspring. Another mating set comprised three $F_0$ grand sires of B breed and 15 $F_0$ grand dams of A breed to produce the same number of $F_1$ and $F_2$ offspring. A chromosome of 100 cM was simulated with large, medium or small QTL with fixed or different allele frequencies in parental breeds. A series of tests between Mendelian and POE models were applied to characterize QTL as Mendelian, paternal, maternal or partial expression QTL. The overall detection powers were similar between the two mating designs. However, the proportions of paternally expressed QTL that were declared as paternal QTL type were greater in the reciprocal cross design than in the one-way cross, and vice versa for Mendelian QTL. When QTL alleles were segregating in parental breeds, a significant proportion of Mendelian QTL were spuriously declared POE QTL, suggesting that care must be taken to characterize imprinting QTL in a QTL mapping population with a small number of $F_1$ parents.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.50 no.2
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• pp.298-312
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• 2020

Purpose: This study had two objectives: 1) to develop a scale for the process of exercise engagement (SPEE) for prediabetic individuals (PDIs); 2) to validate a structural model for the process of exercise engagement for PDIs. Methods: A cross-sectional survey with simple random sampling was conducted from September 2013 to December 2015 (in Taiwan). A total of 310 PDIs were enrolled for scale development and model validation via item analysis, factor analyses, and structural equation modeling. The Kuo model was used as the basis for developing the Chinese version of the SPEE for PDIs. Results: The SPEE contains five subscales with a total of twenty-one items that account for 54.9% to 65.9% of the total variance explained for assessing participants' process of engagement during exercise. For Kuo model validation, the model measures indicated goodness of fit between the Kuo model and sample data. Analysis further revealed a direct effect between the creating health blueprints (CHB) stage and the spontaneous regular exercise (SRE) stage (β=.60). Conclusion: The SPEE includes five subscales for assessing the psychological transition and behavioral expression at each stage of the process of exercise engagement for PDIs. The SPEE for people with prediabetes provides deeper insights into the factors of behavioral change stages that are required to initiate long-term health care outcomes and avoid developing diabetes. These insights are significant as they allow for patient-specific mapping and behavior modification to effect exercise.

• Journal of KIISE:Databases
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.641-650
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• 2003

The eXtensible Markup Language(XML) is emerging as a standard format of data representation and exchange on the Internet. There have been researches about storing and retrieving XML documents using the relational database which has techniques in full growth about large data processing, recovery, concurrency control and so on. Since in previous systems same structure information and fundamental operation are used for processing of various kinds of XML queries, only some specific query can be efficiently processed not all types of query. In this paper, we propose a flexible query processing system. To process query efficiently, the proposed system analyzes regular path expression queries, and uses $\theta$-join operation using region numbering values to check ancestor-descendent relationship and equi-join operation using parent's region start value to check parent-child relationship. Thus, the proposed system processes efficiently XML regular path expressions. From the experimental results, we show that proposed XML query processing system is more efficient than previous systems.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Life Science Conference
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• 2000.06a
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• pp.3-8
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• 2000

The complete genome sequence of a Gram-positive bacterium .Bacillus subtilis has recently been reported and it is now clear that more than 50% of its ORFs have no known function (1). To study the global gene expression in B. subtilis at single gene resolution, we have tested the glass DNA microarrays in a step-wise fashion. As a preliminary experiment, we have created arrays of PCR products for 14 ORF whose transcription patterns have been well established through transcriptional mapping analysis. We measured changes in mRNA transcript levels between early exponential and stationary phase by hybridizing fluorescently labeled cDNA (with Cy3-UTP and Cy5-UTP) onto the array. We then compared the microarray data to confirm that the transcription patterns of these genes are well consistent with the known Northern analysis data. Since the preliminary test has been successful, we scaled up the experiments to ${\sim}$94% of the 4,100 annotated ORFs for the complete genome sequence of B. subtilis. Using this whole genomic microarray, we searched genes that are catabolite-repressive and those that are under the control of ${\sigma}^{Y}$, one of the functionally unknown ECF sigma factors. From these results, we here report that we have established DNA microarray techniques that are applicable for the whole genome of B. subtilis.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.7-12
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• 2010

The full-length cDNA of the porcine peroxisomal ${\Delta}^3$,${\Delta}^2$-enoyl-CoA isomerase (PECI) gene encodes a monofunctional peroxisomal ${\Delta}^3$,${\Delta}^2$-enoyl-CoA isomerase. Cloning and sequencing of the porcine PECI cDNA revealed the presence of an 1185-base pair open reading frame predicted to encode a 394-amino acid protein by the 5'rapid amplification of cDNA ends (5'RACE) and EST sequences. The porcine PECI gene was expressed in seven tissues (heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney, skeletal muscle, fat) which was revealed by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The porcine PECI was mapped to SSC71/2 p11-13 using the somatic cell hybrid panel (SCHP) and the radiation hybrid panel (RH) (LOD score 12.84). The data showed that PECI was closely linked to marker S0383. A C/T single nucleotide polymorphism in PECI exon 10 (3'UTR) was detected as a PvuII PCR-RFLP. Association analysis in our experimental pig population showed that different genotypes of PECI gene were significantly associated with the Average Backfat thickness (ABF) (p<0.05) and Buttock backfat thickness (p<0.01).

• Genomics & Informatics
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.45-52
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• 2004

The self-splicing group I intron from Tetrahymena thermophila has been demonstrated to perform splicing reaction with its substrate RNA in the trans configuration. In this study, we explored the potential use of the trans-splicing group I ribozymes to replace a specific RNA with a new RNA that exerts any new function we want to introduce. We have chosen thymidine phosphorylase (TP) RNA as a target RNA that is known as a valid cancer prognostic factor. Cancer-specific expression of TP RNA was first evaluated with RT-PCR analysis of RNA from patients with gastric cancer. We determined next which regions of the TP RNA are accessible to ribozymes by employing an RNA mapping strategy, and found that the leader sequences upstream of the AUG start codon appeared to be particularly accessible. A specific ribozyme recognizing the most accessible sequence in the TP RNA with firefly luciferase transcript as a 3' exon was then developed. The specific trans-splicing ribozyme transferred an intended 3' exon tag sequence onto the targeted TP transcripts, resulting in a more than two fold induction of the reporter activity in the presence of TP RNA in mammalian cells, compared to the absence of the target RNA. These results suggest that the Tetrahymena ribozyme can be a potent anti-cancer agent to modify TP RNAs in tumors with a new RNA harboring anti-cancer activity.

• Journal of KSNVE
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.196-205
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• 1999

The existence. bifurcation. and the orbital stability of periodic motions, which is called nonlinear normal mode, in a nonlinear dual mass Hamiltonian system. which has 6th order homogeneous polynomial as a nonlinear term. are studied in this paper. By direct integration of the equations of motion. Poincare Map. which is a mapping of a phase trajectory onto 2 dimensional surface in 4 dimensional phase space. is obtained. And via the Birkhoff-Gustavson canonical transformation, the analytic expression of the invariant curves in the Poincare Map is derived for small value of energy. It is found that the nonlinear system. which is considered in this paper. has 2 or 4 nonlinear normal modes depending on the value of nonlinear parameter. The Poincare Map clearly shows that the bifurcation modes are stable while the mode from which they bifurcated out changes from stable to unstable.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.40-57
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• 2011

A feng-shui map is a kind of map that features such propitious positions as fortune-bringing spots or ideal grave sites. The map is a representation of the most ideal natural terrains in terms of feng-shui perspectives. This study did research on two feng-shui maps registered on some genealogical tables in order to see how the map was drawn up. In addition, the detailed characteristics of landform expressions like the frame of the map, viewpoints, center-oriented mapping, water flow, mountain theories were delved into. The results of the research are as follows: the feng-shui maps for this research used the techniques of double scale and aerial view, described terrains with grave sites in their centers, and enlarged important terrains compared with surroundings for exaggeration purposes. In addition, other vital landforms not observed from grave sites were depicted with viewpoints moved and were represented in fine details. The part of mountain theories had the following points as their main subject matter: geographical locations, overall orientations of mountain ranges, topographical traits, grave seat directions and surrounding terrains.

• Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
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• v.12 no.1_2
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• pp.77-89
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• 2001

Applying perceptual hierarchy of facial feature points, a neural network model for recognizing facial expressions was designed. Input data were convolution values of 150 facial expression pictures by Gabor-filters of 5 different sizes and 8 different orientations for each of 39 mesh points defined by MPEG-4 SNHC (Synthetic/Natural Hybrid Coding). A set of multiple regression analyses was performed with the rating value of the affective states for each facial expression and the Gabor-filtered values of 39 feature points. The results show that the pleasure-displeasure dimension of affective states is mainly related to the feature points around the mouth and the eyebrows, while a arousal-sleep dimension is closely related to the feature points around eyes. For the filter sizes. the affective states were found to be mostly related to the low spatial frequency. and for the filter orientations. the oblique orientations. An optimized neural network model was designed on the basis of these results by reducing original 1560(39x5x8) input elements to 400(25x2x8) The optimized model could predict human affective rating values. up to the correlation value of 0.886 for the pleasure-displeasure, and 0.631 for the arousal-sleep. Mapping the results of the optimized model to the six basic emotional categories (happy, sad, fear, angry, surprised, disgusted) fit 74% of human responses. Results of this study imply that, using human principles of recognizing facial expressions, a system for recognizing facial expressions can be optimized even with a a relatively little amount of information.