• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.47 no.5
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• pp.95-105
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to develop a standardized manual to help an educational agency manage the school milk program in cities and provinces. Towards this purpose, we carried out an observational study, content analysis, and survey as the first step. After developing the standardized manual and modifying its contents based on a panel discussion, we implement the delphi-technique as the second step. The standardized manual was composed of an introduction, the administrative direction of educational agency, the management of the school milk program, the management of the free milk program, teaching guidance, selection and contract of supplier, and an appendix. The manual was distributed to over 16 educational agencies for managing the school milk program and was promoted to public officials, such as the officers of educational agencies, the school district officials, and the officers of ministry of agriculture and forestry. The developed manual was targeted for used in schools throughout the nation, but was accepted with reservation in different regions. Therefore, school milk program would be expected to be an efficient management and operation through the use of a standardized manual.

• Archives of design research
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.29-38
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• 2002

Recently, types of mobile services are ever-growing with technological advances, such as CDMA 2000, 256 Color LCD, 16 channel sound chip set and easy internet access. However, manual system that is supposed to support users for finding features and functions doesn't help users most of the cases since users are moving. Therefore, mobile sonics needs new concept for manual system that can support users while they are in use In this research report, new concept for interactive manual system is suggested. Then a guideline for interactive manual system is developed as a result from three empirical studies. First, ten information visualization methods used for describing functions are positioned on user's perception map. Secondly, user behavior pattern of getting required information from written manual was analyzed. Finally, visual cue system was selected as one of options for developing interactive manual system and a guideline was developed based on these research results.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.497-504
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• 2002

The investigation of marine accidents in Korea can not handle the international codes and guidelines and is being followed the conventional methods with a big gab to the international criterion and procedure. Also there is no proper investigation manual which is cope with the new era and surrounding circumstances. This study analyzed the investigation manual of other countries, and proposed new investigation manual according to the analysis and international standards and procedure as followings; (1) Develop own investigation manual separating from the field manual which is mixed with judge, (2) Correct and improve the error and hazy words in the existing field manual which is not compatible a current situation, (3) The contents of new manual should be changed to cope with the international rules, criterion and procedures. The list of contents and index is added, an abundant explanation and examples are given, and charts and illustrations are inserted to make the users understand easily. Also the inquiry techniques according to the classification of each accidents are included.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Orthopedic Manual Physical Therapy
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.71-76
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• 2019

Background: An 8-year-old girl had severe neck pain and stiffness after trauma. CT scan showed atlantoaxial rotatory subluxation (AARS). She had conservative treatment because she did not have neurological symptoms and spinal basilar artery dysfunction. Conservative therapy was halter traction twice for 4 weeks. However, pain and stiffness persisted. She had been recommended to have surgery from her physician, but she received manual therapy for non-surgical procedures. Methods: The joint mobilization, muscle energy technique, motor control exercise, and deep neck flexor (DNF) endurance exercise were applied as manual therapy and 10 session for 2weeks. Results: Clinical outcomes were measured at initial baseline, after 2 weeks, and after 6weeks. Active range of motion was completely restored after 6weeks and numeric pain rating scale was completely reduced after 2 weeks. The strength of neck flexor muscle recovered to normal after 2 weeks, and the DNF endurance was improved to 25 seconds after 2 weeks and to 42 seconds after 6weeks. Motor control capacity recovered to 30 ㎜Hg after 2 weeks. Conclusions: This case report describes the immediate and short-term clinical outcomes for a patient presenting with symptoms of neck pain following AARS. Clinical rationale and patient preference aided the decision to incorporate manual therapy as a treatment for this patient. Manual therapy has shown a successful recovery in AARS patients, more research is needed to validate the inference of this case report.

• The Journal of Churna Manual Medicine for Spine and Nerves
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.97-108
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• 2018

Objectives : The purpose of this research is to find out the effect of Korean Medicine Treatment Including Chuna Manual Therapy with on patients who were diagnosed as Knee Osteoarthritis. Methods : Chuna Manual Therapy was proceeded on 4 patients who received treatment at ${\bigcirc}{\bigcirc}$ Korean Medicine Hospital from Februrary, 2018 to September, 2018. In addition, We also kept a record of NRS, EQ-5D and WOMAC on the day of admission and discharge to find out the differences between initial and final figures. Results : As a result, Chuna Manual Therapy showed a significant effect on alleviating pain on patients with Knee Osteoarthritis. There was a significant decrease in NRS, WOMAC scores. Not only did the scores of NRS and WOMAC decrease significantly, but also the figures of EQ-5D increased significantly as well. Conclusions : This research suggests Korean Medicine Treatment Including Chuna Manual Therapy could be a remedy for Knee Osteoarthritis.

• The Journal of Churna Manual Medicine for Spine and Nerves
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.91-105
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• 2021

Objectives A case report is a detailed medical description of previously unreported observations or complications of medical conditions, unique use cases of tests, or new side effects. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the quality of case reports published in the Journal of Korea CHUNA Manual Medicine for Spine & Nerves (JKCMSN). Methods Case reports published in the JKCMSN from January 2013 to December 2020 were selected using the Oriental Medicine Advanced Searching Integrated System (OASIS). The quality of the reports was assessed based on the Consensus-based Clinical Case Reporting Guideline Development (CARE) guidelines. Results Sixty case reports that met the inclusion criteria were included in the assessment. Our analysis revealed that 71.42% of the case reports included all the necessary information and their level of reporting was good. However, their scores in the qualitative subdivisions of the reporting level parameters showed that the quality level was uneven. More than 65% of the papers did not report in the following categories: "Keywords," "Patient information," "Timeline," "Diagnostic assessment," "Therapeutic interventions," "Follow-up and outcomes," "Patient perspective," and "Informed consent." Conclusions Our analysis shows that CARE guidelines need to be followed more rigorously to improve the quality of reporting in the JKCMSN. Further efforts are necessary to develop reporting guidelines and evaluation tools relevant to the Korean clinical context.

• The Journal of Churna Manual Medicine for Spine and Nerves
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.11-19
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• 2022

Objectives This systematic review aimed to provide evidence of the effectiveness and safety of manual therapy for asthma in children and adolescents. Methods We queried eight electronic databases (PubMed, Ovid-MEDLINE, EMBASE, The Cochrane Library, CNKI, ScienceON, KISS, and RISS) up to the end of April 2022. We included only randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating manual therapy for the treatment of asthma in children and adolescents. The methodological quality of the included RCTs was evaluated using the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool 1.0. Results Four RCTs were eligible for inclusion. Meta-analysis could not be performed due to the heterogeneity of the studies. One study showed the statistical significance of SMD 0.41 (95% CI: 0.06, 0.76, p<0.05) in the comparison with the osteopathic therapy group and the sham control group before and after treatment on the same day of peak expiratory flow. Conclusions This possibility was observed in a non-pharmacological approach to manual therapy. Manual therapy can be considered as an adjunct therapy for asthma treatment in children and adolescents who have difficulty with drug therapy.

• The Journal of Churna Manual Medicine for Spine and Nerves
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.17-25
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• 2022

Objectives This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of manual therapy for knee meniscus injuries. Methods We searched seven electronic databases (MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, CAJ, Wanfang, RISS, ScienceON, and OASIS) to collect randomized controlled trials (RCTs) using the keywords "manual therapy OR chuna OR tuina" and "meniscus injury." Results Eleven RCTs were selected based on the inclusion criteria, and all studies were conducted in China. Five studies were meta-analyzed. The systematic review revealed a positive effect of manual therapy for knee meniscus injury. Low risk of selection, attrition, and reporting bias were demonstrated in all studies. Ten studies had a high risk of performance bias. Conclusions The systematic review reported favorable results using manual therapy for knee meniscus injury. However, this study has several limitations because of the high risk of bias. Further clinical studies and reviews with higher levels of evidence are warranted.

• The Journal of Churna Manual Medicine for Spine and Nerves
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.63-72
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• 2022

Objectives This case study aimed to investigate the effect of complex Korean medicine treatment including Chuna manual therapy on sacroiliac joint (SIJ) pain status post SIJ fusion with sacroiliac screw fixation. Methods Complex Korean medicine treatments including Chuna manual therapy were provided to patients with SIJ widening due to a traffic accident trauma. Measurement of range of motion and manual muscle test to evaluate functional activities of daily living was conducted before and after treatment. Moreover, outcome estimates were performed using the numeric rating scale, pain disability index, and EuroQol 5-dimension five-level questionnaire. Results After complex treatment, functional activities of daily living improved. Sacroiliac joint pain decreased and the quality-of-life score improved. Conclusions This study suggests that treatment with complex Korean medicine treatment including Chuna manual therapy may improve traumatic SIJ widening status post SIJ fusion. A postoperative rehabilitation protocol based on accumulated research results considering a multidisciplinary approach should be prepared to ensure holistic treatment.

• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.23-38
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• 2024

Objectives This study examined recent domestic and international clinical research trends in Gua sha therapy to suggest future direction for research. Methods We used six domestic and international databases (Research Information Sharing Service, Korean studies Information Service System, Oriental Medicine Advanced Searching Integrated System, PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library) to select clinical studies with an original text in English or Korean published after 2018. Results Finally, 55 studies were selected. Randomized controlled trials accounted for the largest amount with 42 studies. Instrument assisted soft tissue mobilization was the most frequent term referring to Gua sha. Muscle shortening, limited range of motion, and plantar fasciitis were the most common symptoms, with six cases each. Additionally, there were two studies targeting symptoms other than the musculoskeletal system. Conclusions Additional research is needed on the effects of Gua sha therapy on the back of the lower extremities and hip joints, and research is needed on the possibility of their clinical use for diseases or symptoms other than those of the musculoskeletal system. And standards for the terminology of Gua sha and the types and methods of applied interventions are needed.