• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.32-44
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• 2022

PURPOSE. Mandibular flexure is a crucial phenomenon that may affect the success of rigid bilateral mandibular prosthetic treatment. The aim of this study was to determine the amount of median mandibular flexure (MMF) that occurs during mouth opening from anterior to posterior mandible in seven different regions, in different age and gender groups of both dentulous and edentulous subjects, using an intraoral digital scanner. MATERIALS AND METHODS. In this study, the mandibular arch of 56 dentulous and 35 edentulous individuals were scanned with an intraoral scanner at both the minimum mouth opening (MnMO) and the maximum mouth opening (MxMO). MMF values were calculated by subtracting the distance value at the MxMO from the distance between the reference points at the MnMO at seven different mandibular regions of dentulous and edentulous subjects. In addition, the left and right side MMF values were measured. All data were analyzed statistically (α = .05). RESULTS. MMF value increased linearly from anterior to posterior mandible in both dentulous and edentulous individuals. The differences in MMF values were not statistically significant according to side (left/right), age, or gender (P > .05). No significant differences were found between the mean MMF values of the same region in both dentulous and edentulous individuals (P > .05). CONCLUSION. MMF was seen in different regions of the mandibles of both edentulous and dentulous individuals measured at the MxMO. Mandibular flexure should be considered for the success and prognosis of the long-span and rigid prostheses.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.43 no.6
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• pp.302-310
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• 2013

Orthodontic closure of old, edentulous spaces in the mandibular posterior region is a major challenge. In this report, we describe a method of orthodontic closure of edentulous spaces in the mandibular posterior region accelerated by piezoelectric decortication and alveolar ridge expansion. Combined piezosurgical and orthodontic treatments were used to close 14- and 15-mm-wide spaces in the mandibular left and right posterior areas, respectively, of a female patient, aged 18 years and 9 months, diagnosed with skeletal Class III malocclusion, hypodontia, and polydiastemas. After the piezoelectric decortication, segmental and full-arch mechanics were applied in the orthodontic phase. Despite some extent of root resorption and anchorage loss, the edentulous spaces were closed, and adequate function and esthetics were regained without further restorative treatment. Alveolar ridge expansion-assisted orthodontic space closure seems to be an effective and relatively less-invasive treatment alternative for edentulous spaces in the mandibular posterior region.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.95-102
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• 2014

Purpose: This study was performed to evaluate the reproducibility of panoramic radiographs of dentulous and edentulous patients. Materials and Methods: The reproducibility of panoramic radiographs was evaluated using the panoramic radiographs acquired from 30 anterior dentulous patients by using a common biting positioning device (dentulous group) and 30 anterior edentulous patients by using chin-support devices to take a panoramic radiograph (edentulous group), respectively; these patients had undergone 3 or more panoramic radiographs. The widths and angles between the designated landmarks were measured on the panoramic radiographs, and the reproducibility was evaluated using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and the coefficient of variation. Results: In the dentulous and edentulous groups, the ICCs of the mandibular ramus and mandibular angle areas were higher than the condylar head and zygomatic areas. The mandibular ramus and angle areas showed statistically lower mean coefficients of variation than the condylar head and zygomatic areas in the dentulous group. The mandibular angle area showed a significantly lower mean coefficient of variation than the zygomatic area in the edentulous group. By comparing the two groups, each ICC of the edentulous group was lower than that of the dentulous group, and the mean coefficients of variation of the mandibular ramus area, zygomatic area, left condylar inclination, and ramus ratio between the right and the left in the edentulous group were significantly higher than those in the dentulous group. Conclusion: Biting positioning for dentulous patients provided better positioning reproducibility than chin-support positioning when performing panoramic radiography for edentulous patients.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.8-16
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• 1974

The author performed electromyographic analysis on edentulous patients aging 52 to 77 who have upper and lower full dentures for 3 to 7 years of duration. And the graphs were recorded in physiologic rest position, incisal occlusion, molar occlusion, left lateral excursion, right lateral excursion and mandibular projection. The results obtained are as follows : 1. 80 per cent of the patients are in unilateral mastication. 2. The shorter history of edentulous mouth reveals the more electric potency. 3. Facial deviation owing to unilateral mastication is the cause of higher electric potency to the deviated site. 4. There were no difference in electric potency between mandibular projection and incisal occlusion.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• v.50 no.3
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• pp.217-226
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• 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze the quantity and quality of the mandibular anterior alveolar bone in terms of alveolar width, density, and total alveolar height (TAH) based on dental status, gender, and age. Additionally, this study aimed to quantitatively evaluate the available alveolar height for graft harvesting (AHGH) and examine its variability based on the aforementioned factors. Materials and Methods: This retrospective cone-beam computed tomographic study included a total of 100 subjects. On the basis of gender, dental status, and age, the scans were divided into 3 primary groups and 8 subgroups. The mandibular alveolar width and density were measured 5 mm mesial to the mental foramen bilaterally and at the midline. The TAH was measured at the midline, and the AHGH was measured as the midline distance between 5 mm apical to the root of the canines and 5 mm superior to the lower border. Results: The mandibular alveolar width was statistically similar between dentulous and edentulous patients (P>0.05). A significantly greater density was observed at the midline in edentulous patients (P<0.05). The TAH was significantly greater in edentulous male patients than in edentulous female patients (P<0.05). Dentulous and male patients had significantly greater AHGH than edentulous and female patients, respectively (P<0.05). Conclusion: Based on the data evaluated in this study, it can be concluded that the mandibular symphyseal area has adequate bone quality and quantity for bone graft harvesting for dental implant therapy.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.43-53
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• 1999

Purpose: The aim of this study was to analyze radiologically the location and course of the mandibular canal and to observe the alveolar and basal bone changes during the remodeling procedures of atrophic mandible. Materials and Methods: CT scanning was performed on dry 30 edentulous or partially dentulous mandibles. In 48 edentulous lower halves, measuring areas were determined by three points in the length of the mandibular canal. The distance from the mandibular canal towards cranial and caudal edges, buccal and lingual external borders of the body of the mandible were measured. A statistical comparison between the mean values of different classes of mandibular body was carried out in the selected areas. Results: The distance between the mandibular canal and caudal borders of the body of the mandible and lingual borders dose not change in the atrophic process of mandible. The mandibular canal within the mandible courses downwards from mandibular foramen towards mesial and subsequently it gets to the mental foramen. The distance between the mandibular canal and buccal external border of basal bone changes similar to the change of cranial borders of alveolar bone in the atrophic process of mandible. Conclusion: CT scanning was very effective and practicable to analyze the location and course of the mandibular canal and to observe the alveolar and basal bone changes of atrophic mandible. Also more detailed investigation of basal bone changes observed during the remodeling procedures of atrophic mandibles seems reasonable to rely on the massive anthropologic collections of atrophic mandibles combined with CT scanning.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.141-145
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• 2002

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to propose standard values for alveolar and basal bone in normal adult mandibles, and radiologically analyze the remodeling process of the edentulous mandible by examining molar areas and comparing them to the established normal values. Materials and Methods : Panoramic and CT scans of mandible were performed on 20 normal adults and 20 edentulous or partially edentulous adults. In both groups, arch half diameter and distance of alveolar bone were measured. Also the distance from the mandibular canal to the caudal edges, the buccal and lingual external borders of basal bone, were measured. A statistical comparison between the mean values of normal and edentulous mandibles was carried out in the selected areas. Results : There was evidence of decreasing arch half diameter and distance in the edentulous mandible, but statistically no significant change was seen between the normal and edentulous alveolar bone. There was evidence of decreasing buccal basal bone and increasing in the lingual basal bone in the edentulous mandible. A statistically significant difference between normal and edentulous mandibles was noted in the buccal basal bone. Conclusion: There was an inward and forward atrophic change of the edentulous mandibular molar area compared to the control. CT scanning required the use of sophisticated and expensive procedures to analyze the remodeling process of edentulous mandibles. Consequently, the development and application of a more simplified and objective radiographic procedure for broad and long-term study of remodeling procedures of edentulous mandible was recommended.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.50 no.2
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• pp.145-154
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• 2020

Moving the mandibular posterior teeth into a severely atrophic edentulous space is a challenge. A carefully designed force-and-moment system that results in bodily protraction of the posterior teeth with balanced bone resorption and apposition is needed in such cases. This report describes the treatment of a 19-year-old woman with missing mandibular first molars due to juvenile periodontitis. Miniscrews were used as absolute anchorage during protraction of the mandibular second and third molars. Bodily mesial movement of the mandibular second and third molars was achieved over a distance of 11 to 17 mm after 39 months of orthodontic treatment.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.36 no.5
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• pp.207-213
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• 2014

Fractures of the mandible occur with a greater frequency in the elderly. This study reports three cases of edentulous atrophic mandible fracture in elderly patients treated with open reduction technique. Three patients who presented with edentulous atrophic mandible fractures underwent surgical management using open reduction and internal fixation. After treatment, clinical evaluations and postoperative complications were examined with postoperative x-ray. Patients were followed with clinical and radiographic examinations. In the postoperative clinical evaluation, two male patients healed well, but one female patient complained of pain and swelling. In radiographic examinations, no union delay or lack of fusion was observed in the edentulous area. Open reduction technique is a viable treatment option for the edentulous atrophic mandible fractures in geriatric patients.

• Journal of Dental Rehabilitation and Applied Science
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.242-252
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• 2015

Implant overdenture treatment using several solitary attachment systems on mandibular edentulous patients. Most patients with severe residual ridge resorption report significantly more problems adapting to their mandibular denture due to a lack of comfort, retention, stability and to the inability to chew and eat. Recent scientific studies carried out over the past decade have determined that the benefits of a mandibular implant overdenture are sufficient to get retention and stability. Therefore, overdenture with implants on the mandible and attachments are considered as a treatment of choice as a favorable treatment. In this cases, with consideration for jaw relation, level of bone loss, facial support and economic factor, edentulous patients with severe residual ridge resorption are rehabilitated by complete denture on maxilla and two-implants overdenture using several solitary attachment systems on mandible.