• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.55-63
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• 2018

Purpose - Our Research is a study on the competition structure between retailers in traditional markets. Specifically, this study examined the effects of SSM, commodity supply store, Hanaro mart, food mart and other mart in traditional markets on retail stores of small businesses. The purpose of this study is to provide a solution to the market encroachment of large retailers in traditional markets. Research design, data, and methodology - This study is based on the data of 'Market Survey of Traditional Market·Shopping Mall and Store Management in 2016' and 'Current status of SSM(Super SuperMarket), commodity supply store, Hanaro mart, food mart and other mart in the traditional market in 2017' conducted by Small Enterprise and Market Service. In this study, a multiple regression equation was constructed using the number of SSM, commodity supply store, Hanaro mart, food mart and other mart as an independent variable and sales, number of customers as a dependent variable for analysis. Results - The increase of SSM and commodity supply stores in the traditional market affects the sales decrease of the surrounding small merchants in the traditional market. This means that the SSM and commodity supply stores can lead to the decline of the traditional market. However, it has been found that the penetration of these companies in traditional markets does not affect the number of visitors. Second, Hanaro mart's entry into the traditional market has a negative impact on the sales and visitor numbers of the surrounding small-scale merchants. The increase in the number of food mart has a significant effect on the sales and the number of visitors to the small stores. The results of this study indicate that the food mart can contribute to the revitalization of traditional markets. Lastly, other mart with more than medium size were found to affect the sales of small stores, the number of visitors. Conclusions - We examines the competitive structure among retailers in traditional markets. The penetration of large retailers in traditional markets has a negative impact on traditional markets, particularly Hanaro mart has a greater impact than SSM. We provide practical and theoretical implications for the retail competition structure in traditional markets.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.13-22
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• 2014

This study analyzed the globalization policy of ICT SMEs and ventures using cognitive map analysis and derived the priority to importance about action plans using AHP model, while the globalization paradigm has been rapidly changing in the ICT industry. Empirical results showed that policy tool variables should be needed to develop because policy goal variables are generally presented more than policy tool variables. In addition, this cognitive map could be characterized by a scarcity of feedback loops which means policy landscape for ICT SMEs and ventures' globalization is unilateral rather than cyclical to reach policy goal from policy tools. Another finding is that creative economy policy variable was not observed as policy tool variable but as policy goal variable. This means creative economy can be implemented through support for ICT SMEs and ventures' globalization. Finally, for detailed policy measures, installation of global start-up center, recruiting and utilization of global specialists, revitalization of ICT R&D international collaboration study, enlargement of global investment network, accompanied overseas advance of large enterprises and SMEs are presented in order in terms of the importance of policy priority.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.275-289
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• 2018

It is necessary to develop a bridgehead port for trading with northern countries to promote trade through the East Sea because the East Sea Rim economic bloc around the Northeast Asia including South Korea, China, Russia, Japan, and North Korea has a high growth potential in the future. Therefore, this study aims to suggest a strategic direction to enhance the competitiveness of Donghae Port through reinforcement of container cargoes by conducting Importance-Performance Analysis (IPA) for stakeholders of Donghae Port. The analysis results suggest that it is necessary to improve the five evaluation factors: attractiveness of container and bulk volumes, appropriate ratio of export/import container quantities, frequency of vessel entry and diversity of sea routes, convenience of complex linked transportation, and competitiveness of cargo handling equipment. The implications of this study are as follows. First, it is necessary to continuously research the current status of container and bulk cargo volumes of the port and ways to increase the absolute cargo volume. Second, we need to consider realistic alternatives to improve the ratio of export/import container quantities. Third, in terms of network, we should establish a service improvement plan to increase the frequency of port calls and the diversity of sea routes. Furthermore, incentives should be provided to increase the trade volume of Donghae Port through strengthened complex linked transportation function. Finally, it is urgently necessary to provide investment support for container handling equipment as an essential requirement for the activation of the container cargoes in Donghae Port.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.18 no.11
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• pp.73-79
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• 2020

With the recent strengthening of local autonomy and the recognition of the culture and tourism industry as a driving force for the fourth industrial revolution, the importance of research on the revitalization of the local culture and tourism industry is further emphasized. Thus, in this paper, the concept and type of local culture and tourism products were summarized and the research direction was presented through this. As a research method, the internal and external factors of the culture and tourism industry in Korea were used as the SWOT analysis method. In the text, three representative sites were selected and analyzed for the development of local cultural and tourism products, and Seoul, Jeju Island, and Gyeongju all found that they lacked local cultural and tourism products. It also found another value through its role of cultural development as well as the economic aspect of the development of cultural tourism products. In order to revitalize the local culture and tourism industry, which has become more important, the government proposed measures to promote differentiated creative products, efficient marketing, and legal security in various ways. In order for this study to be better data for researchers in the culture and tourism industry and related industries, research should be conducted with detailed surveys that could not be conducted due to various restrictions in the future.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.20-28
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• 2016

A Ubiquitous City (U-city, Smart City) is one that ties information communications technologies (ICT) into many facets of city construction, thereby implicitly intending to function as a smart city that aims to be efficiently managed as well as provide an enhanced standard of living for its residents. Laws related to the construction of such ubiquitous cities point to integrated city management centers, intelligent facilities, and U-City infrastructure, among others, as central components of U-Cities, but do not provide a standard for these structures. Consequently, building of U-Cities by local governments are based on arbitrary judgments constrained the myriad of practical limitations that they face. Such ambiguity brings to light the need to find ways to improve the quality of these efforts. The first and second stages of this research examine the status of the components of a U-City -ubiquitous planning, technology, infrastructure, and services - and undertakes a comprehensive review thereof, with evaluation criteria formulated on the characteristics of stability, connectivity, goal-orientation, and development potential. In the research's third stage, a realistic and detailed evaluation index by which U-Cities can be renewed, demonstrated, and applied (???) is introduced in a step-by-step fashion, which will allow for local governments to properly assess the standard of their U-City in relation to the realities of the locality. Through the research result, it is expected that the index will become a part of the continued development and advancement of the "smart" character of an autonomous U-City at the local scale, and contribute to the overall revitalization of the U-City.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.218-231
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• 2005

This paper reviews the engineering approach needed to support humans during their long-term missions in space. This approach includes closed plant production systems under microgravity or low pressure, mass recycling, air revitalization, water purification, waste management, elimination of trace contaminants, lighting, and nutrient delivery systems in controlled ecological life support system (CELSS). Requirements of crops f3r space use are high production, edibility, digestibility, many culinary uses, capability of automation, short stems, and high transpiration. Low pressure on Mars is considered to be a major obstacle for the design of greenhouses fer crop production. However interest in Mars inflatable greenhouse applicable to planetary surface has increased. Structure, internal pressure, material, method of lighting, and shielding are principal design parameters for the inflatable greenhouse. The inflatable greenhouse operating at low pressure can reduce the structural mass and atmosphere leakage rate. Plants growing at reduced pressure show an increasing transpiration rates and a high water loss. Vapor pressure increases as moisture is added to the air through transpiration or evaporation from leaks in the hydroponic system. Fluctuations in vapor pressure will significantly influence total pressure in a closed system. Thus hydroponic systems should be as tight as possible to reduce the quantity of water that evaporates from leaks. And the environmental control system to maintain high relative humidity at low pressure should be developed. The essence of technologies associated with CELSS can support human lift even at extremely harsh conditions such as in deserts, polar regions, and under the ocean on Earth as well as in space.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.12 no.10
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• pp.4648-4659
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• 2011

Korea experienced rapid urbanization due to high growth of economy. As people left the country and gathered in the city, the size of city has been expanded, resulting in unbalanced development of the land. In addition, it appears in diverse aspects from nationwide phenomenon to the local development in each city unit. In particular, it even tends to become social problems in the metropolitan cities. As a solution for it, this study conducts theoretical consideration on sustainability in the aspect of balanced urban development and suggests measures through analysis on Siheung-city. The result is as follows. First of all, comprehensive approach is required based on sustainability. It is required to derive balanced city development by expanding it to the social, cultural and economic aspects. Second, integrated management policy is required for the original city along with new development. It should be considered together with diverse social and physical aspects. Third, approach from the aspect of city planning is required through consideration on flat city expansion and connection with city space structural. Fourth, in order to foster balanced urban development, it is needed to grope for solutions for imbalanced urban development through the participation of diverse groups such as local residents, private enterprisers, and the non-profit civic groups of the local community along with the mediation among persons interested. And continuous support of administrative authorities should be obtained to create such environment.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.9
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• pp.326-332
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• 2018

Korea faces major changes in energy policy, which include eco-friendly and zero-nuclear power. On the other hand, there are very few policies for the waste-management of mid- to large-sized lithium-ion batteries, such as electric car batteries and energy storage systems, which are expected to increase explosively due to such energy policy changes. Therefore, this study estimated the amount of mid- to large-sized lithium ion batteries waste and performed economics analysis of a middle and large sized secondary battery recycling project. Based on the results, a policy alternative for the revitalization of the related lithium-ion battery recycling industry is suggested. As a result, the B / C ratio of a domestic mid - to large - sized lithium ion battery recycling project is 1.06, in which the benefit is higher than the cost, so the business is economic feasible. Although the recycling project's economic efficiency is high, the recycling industry has not been activated in Korea because the domestic demand for rechargeable batteries recycling is very low. To solve this problem, this study proposes a plan to activate the industry by adding lithium secondary batteries to the EPR (Extended Producer Responsibility) items.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.248-258
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• 2020

In this study, an empirical analysis was performed with regards to traditional markets in Seoul, South Korea to find which physical maintenance elements, such as facility improvement for successful urban restoration, have greater effects on the expectation and activation awareness of successful urban restoration. This study targeted traditional markets located at the center of Seoul, which are visited by many domestic and international tourists as well as general consumers and are revitalizing the downtown area. A survey was conducted to collect a total of 515 completed questionnaires. Data analysis was performed using SPSS 23.0 and AMOS 22.0. The results of the analyses in this study indicate relevant urban invigoration factors (psychological, physical, diversity, functional, and stability factors), and it was observed that the expectation of urban regeneration was under the direct influence of the invigoration factors. Such a finding is meaningful in that it suggests a set of criteria to evaluate the concept of traditional markets in a comprehensive manner for successful urban regeneration while highlighting relevant invigoration factors for traditional marketplaces for the purpose of urban regeneration.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.12 no.12
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• pp.55-63
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• 2014

Purpose - In urban regeneration projects, considerations for rejuvenating traditional public markets are becoming increasingly important. That is because the traditional market is not just a commercial space but also a living center for local people's existence. Cultural contents like these are invaluable assets in the contemporary economy. However, traditional markets are gradually declining because of changes in distribution systems and consumer lifestyles. New distribution systems such as modern distribution markets, home shopping, and online shopping malls made traditional markets less competitive. Further, traditional markets have not been able to adapt to the changing consumption styles of younger generations. Some say that it is a natural phenomenon that cannot be stopped. However, traditional markets are not just another distribution system but also a valuable resource that encapsulates the local people's tradition and history. Thus, a revitalization strategy for traditional public markets has become an urgent task in contemporary urban regeneration projects. This study aimed to find ways to activate traditional public markets by making it a community landmark based on visual merchandising perspectives. Research design and methodology - This study focused on analyzing Granville Island (Vancouver, Canada) as a role-model project for rejuvenating the traditional market. It investigated Granville Island both with walk-through evaluation and literature reviews. Results - We found that it has been developed not only to improve visual aspects, but also to promote cultural contents with high value added. For example, the developers maintained the visual elements that tell the original history of the site as an industrial factory. The renewal project had a balance between improving the outer look and creating attractive contents. The following are the merits of Granville Island that Korean traditional markets should note. First, they kept the whole area clean and hygienic. Second, merchants are well educated, business-savvy, and consumer-oriented. Third, the area's total environmental designs were done by professionals of a high caliber. Fourth, the city government and the merchants'association were collaborating well in their efforts to accommodate the changing needs of consumers. Conclusions - This study made the following suggestions as a conclusion. First, it will be a very powerful tool to rejuvenate the traditional market if we can discover unique cultural resources and develop them as cultural products, experiences, and events. Consumers of the 21st century have a strong tendency to consume not only material products, but also the experiences and memories attached to them. Second, in order to maintain the unique characteristics of traditional markets, fostering the viability of the merchants' association and local residents' society would be essential. Third, it is necessary to make the traditional market into a cultural place not only for the shopping patronage of local residents, but also for attracting tourists to increase sales. Finally, professional management and design approaches are needed in order to make the traditional market a pleasant space from a visual merchandising standpoint.