• Asian Journal of Business Environment
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.35-42
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• 2020

Purpose: Islamic banking products and services have always claimed to be unique from its traditional interest-based counterpart. However, in practice, many Islamic banks are alleged to have drifted away from its paradigm version. The purpose of this study is to gauge the perception of university students in Malaysia towards Islamic banking products. Research design, data and methodology: Data were collected from 250 Malaysian university students. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was performed to test proposed hypotheses to identify factors influencing customers' perception toward Islamic banking products. Results: The main finding indicates that most of the respondents are familiar with Islamic banking products and consider Islamic banking products as useful as its conventional counterparts. The regression results show that respondents are less convinced of adherence to Shari'ah, efficiency and helpfulness of existing Islamic banks. Conclusions: This is a cue to the Islamic banks' stakeholders that they need to realign their practices in an ethically responsible way in accordance with Shari'ah if they wish to secure existing customers and attract potential ones. In a competitive banking environment, most banks provide efficient and readily available service; thus, focusing on this as a strategy hardly distinguishes an Islamic bank from an interest-based bank.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제9권7호
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• pp.231-237
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• 2022

Intellectual Capital, a valuable intangible organizational asset, is primarily linked to a company's financial performance and is divided into three categories: human, structural, and relational capital. This paper investigates the impact of intellectual capital on the financial performance of selected Pakistani companies in the Information and Communication sector, as this sector is heavily reliant on intellectual capital. The data for 11 firms was gathered from the State Bank's Financial Statements Analysis of Companies Listed on the Pakistan Stock Exchange from 2015 to 2020. Pulić's (2004) Value Added Intellectual Coefficient (VAICTM) has been used to assess a company's IC efficiency. VAIC^TM and its components, the efficiency of intellectual capital, and the efficiency of capital employed are calculated. Financial performance is measured through return on assets, return on capital employed, and asset turnover ratio. Multiple regression, fixed-effect, and random-effect Panel Data estimation are used in the empirical study. The findings suggest that intellectual capital efficiency has a large impact on major profitability metrics, but little effect on company productivity. It can be inferred from the results that the companies must invest in advanced technology, the latest machinery, and well-equipped offices to improve financial performance and productivity and gain a competitive advantage.

• 대한안전경영과학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.137-145
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• 2016

To promote the efficiency of production process of small and medium sized company, government conducts production information business that collects and analyzes information of production field automatically and helps process' controlling and supervising by supporting costs of purchase, installment, etc. of hard-software and network related to middle and small sized company intending e-Manufacturing of production field with computer and information & communication network. As a result, the number of middle and small sized companies that introduce and manage production information system is increased. Therefore, the purposes of this research are to arrange contents of production information system introduced to solve current problems of middle and small sized companies and analyze effects of small and middle sized companies' introduction through example companies.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.57-69
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• 2007

Adaptive cluster sampling design is known as a sampling method for rare clustered population. Three modified adaptive cluster sampling designs are proposed. The adjusted Hansen-Hurwitz estimator and the Horvitz-Thompson estimator are considered. Efficiency issue of the proposed sampling designs is discussed in a Monte-Carlo simulation study.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제8권7호
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• pp.477-489
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of credit risk on commercial banks' profitability in Afghanistan. Due to the availability of limited data, this study applies the Fixed Effects estimator on balance panel data of six domestic private commercial banks over the period 2014-2018. The study uses LLRTL, TLTA, and TLTD as credit risk indictors, size as bank-specific determinant, ROAA, ROAE, and NIM as profitability indicators. The study finds a robust negative and significant effect of LLRTL on ROAA, and ROAE, but positive and insignificant on NIM. The results also reveal significant positive effect of TLTA on NIM, however insignificant negative on ROAA while insignificant positive on ROAE. The study finds negative effect of TLTD on ROAA, ROAE, and NIM, but only significant on NIM. Further, this study reveals a robust negative and significant effect of size on all profitability indicators. The mean comparison of profitability demonstrates that NIM is in a better situation than others profitability indicators, which is a good sign for the Afghan banking sector. The findings of this study suggest that improving credit management, increasing efficiency of asset management or effectiveness of business model can increase commercial banks' profitability in Afghanistan.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제8권9호
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• pp.177-187
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• 2021

The purpose of the research to evaluate the efficiency and productivity growth rate of some Vietnamese commercial banks in the period 2008-2020. Using input and output selection theory, the author selected 2 models, estimating the efficiency for model 1 and estimating the yield change for both the models. We have built a model to estimate the efficiency and calculate as well as decompose the productivity growth of Vietnamese commercial banks during the period of active mergers and acquisitions activities in the banking system. Based on the results of the efficiency estimation, TFP shows during mergers and acquisitions, efficiency fluctuates but in an inverted U-shape (increasing from 2008-2011 but decreasing from 2013 to 2020). The estimated results of the impact assessment model show that FDI reduces the efficiency of banks. Productivity analysis shows that 6 out of 23 banks in the study period had positive TFP growth (tfpch > 1) due to technical progress and management efficiency. The findings of this study suggest that Vietnam's commercial banking system has many opportunities to improve operational efficiency in many aspects. In which, there are opportunities to increase credit, improve governance as well as improve the technology level of each bank. In addition, along with traditional products such as deposits and loans, diversification with a wide range of products and services is an important factor to enhance customer experience and demand in commercial banks.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.11-22
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• 2020

학점은행제는 평생학습사회를 구현하기 위한 교육 시스템이다. 이 시스템의 조건을 충족한 학습자는 전문대, 4년제 대학교의 학위와 동등한 학사 학위를 취득할 수 있다. 이 학습자의 학점과 학위 정보는 중앙 기관에 기록되어 관리되고 있다. 그러나 이러한 시스템은 중앙관리로 인해 해킹 등과 같은 보안 문제가 발생할 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 블록체인 기술을 기반으로 학점과 학위 정보를 관리할 수 있는 학점은행제 시스템을 제안한다. 제안된 시스템은 학점과 학위 정보는 블록에 저장되고 영구적인 방식으로 공개 원장에 기록된다. 블록들은 해킹과 조작 등의 보안 문제를 개선하기 위해 분산 네트워크 환경에서 블록체인 형식으로 연결되어진다. 또한 중앙 기관의 기능들이 네트워크 참여자들에게 분산되기 때문에 학점 은행 관리의 효율성이 증대될 수 있다. 제안된 시스템의 프로토타입은 Go-Ethereum 플랫폼에서 구현되었으며 스마트 컨트랙트를 사용하여 참여기관 간의 블록체인 정보를 실험적으로 검증하였다.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제8권11호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2021

This paper compares the performance of Fama-French three-factor and five-factor models using a dataset of 20 Pakistani commercial banks for the period 2011 to 2020. We focus on an emerging economy as the findings from earlier studies on developed countries cannot be generalized in emerging markets. For empirical analysis, twelve portfolios were developed based on size, market capitalization, investment strategy, and growth. Subsequently, we constructed five Fama-French factors namely, R_M, SMB, HML, RMW, and CMA. The OLS regression technique with robust standard errors was applied to compare the predictive power of both the Fama-French models. Further, we also compared the mean-variance efficiency of the Fama-French models through the GRS test. Our empirical analysis provides three unique and interesting findings. First, both asset pricing models have similar predictive power to explain the expected portfolio returns in most cases. Second, our results from the GRS test suggest that there is no noticeable difference in the mean-variance efficiency of one asset pricing model over the other. Third, we find that all factors of both Fama-French models are statistically significant and are important for explaining the volatility of expected commercial bank returns in the context of Pakistan.

• 국제지역연구
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.101-122
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• 2012

본고는 parametric approach인 확률적 회귀분석(SEA)을 이용하여 말레이시아 상업은행의 기술적 특성을 비용함수를 이용하여 측정하였다. 분석결과에 의하면 말레이시아의 은행재편은 경영규모의 확대에 의한 규모의 경제가 관찰되었으며 은행의 합병 및 통합에 의한 규모 확대는 경영효율성에 중요한 역할을 하였다. 또한 말레이시아 은행이 범위의 경제를 실현하기 위해서는 종래의 은행시스템을 개혁하여 상업은행이 투자은행의 업무 또는 보험, 증권업무를 제공할 수 있는 은행개혁이 필요하다. 본고에서는 은행개혁을 위한 대안을 제시한다. 먼저 말레이시아의 은행은 부(-)기술진보가 관찰되었다. 먼저 은행에 의한 적극적인 설비투자가 과잉 또는 비생산적인 부분에 포함될 가능성이 있으므로 향후 은행개혁을 진행하면서 투자를 확대하는 경우에는 화려한 점포 및 낭비적인 지출을 억제하는 것과 과잉투자에도 유의할 필요가 있다. 두 번째는 말레이시아는 전체적으로 은행이 비용의 효율성이 낮은 경향이 있기 때문에 금융개혁은 경영효율성 및 경영규모와 업무형태에 대한 개혁에 중점을 둬야한다.

• 대한안전경영과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한안전경영과학회 2005년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.505-510
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• 2005

The manufacturing industries which played a major role in the rapid economic growth and industrialization of Korea in the late 20th century had considerable difficulties changing their manufacturing conditions from producer-oriented conditions to customer-oriented ones according to market changes. In this study, increase plant efficiency because grafts together modular system to plant layout and analyzes Work In Process(WIP) between product's cycle time and each process, family efficient plan wishes to choose opposite bank. Simulation approach used for presented methodology The effect will not gain the results for other reasons the inherent conditions of companies, people, and culture which have been hitherto described, but will be expected to help the direction for a new Lay-out production system to reflect on the native conditions rather than fixed technological means and methods in way of an analysis of fundamental problems which small and medium companies in Korea face.