• 한국수의병리학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.55-57
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• 2003

A nine-year-old female Yorkshire terrier dog showing mammary secretion mixed with blood and pus for 5 month duration was presented. Cytologically mammary secretion consisted of many pleomorphic tumor cells, RBC, and neutrophil. Tumor cells were characterized by polyhedral pleomorphic nuclei with smudged chromatin and basophilic cytoplasm with many secretory vacuoles. N/C ratio was very high. Therefore it was diagnosed as mammary gland adenocarcinoma. Histological examination confirmed cytological diagnosis. From these results cytology isfor the diagnosis of secreting mammary gland adenocarcinoma is very simple and accurate for the diagnosis of secreting mammary gland adenocarcinoma.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.469-473
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• 2001

A 12-year-old bitch, Yorkshire terrier, was admitted to the Chungbuk National University animal hospital with draining from mammary masses in the left and right mammary glands. She was involved in the mammary masses, suffering bilateral inguinal hernia. Physical examination during the hospitalization demonstrated the masses in right (3 cm) and left (1.5 cm) mammary glands. Blood pool images didn\`t show the subtle increase in blood flow to the inguinal hernia, and the increase of radionuclide distribution to the mammary gland on the soft tissue phase. However, delayed bone images showed a very focal lesion in the right mammary gland. These findings were confirmed on a subsequent biopsy, which also revealed adenocarcinoma with areas of malignant new bone formation. We present a case of primary mammary adenocarcinoma with $^{99m}Tc-MDP$ activity relative to normal bone. Tumor in the bitch demonstrates malignant new bone formation as the likely mechanism for the marked radiotracer avidity.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제48권3호
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• pp.311-316
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• 2008

A 7-year-old female Shih Tzu dog with lots of masses in the whole mammary gland was presented to the surgery department of the Veterinary Teaching Hospital in the Cheju National University. After surgical excision, all mammary samples were referred to Pathology Department of Veterinary Medicine. Grossly, masses were measuring up to $6.5{\times}4{\times}1cm$ and on cut surface of masses in right 1st, 3rd, 4th, 5th and left 1st, 3rd, 4th, 5th mammary masses were well delineated and firm, sulphur yellow, solid round to oval shape. Microscopically, most neoplastic sweat glands were severely proliferated in dermis and subcutis. Most tubules were lined by round to oval shaped epithelium with eosinophilic cytoplasm, hyperchromatic nuclei with high mitotic figures and severe central necrosis. The neoplastic epithelium also had PAS-positive diastase-resistant cytoplasmic granules, but negative with Perls iron stain. The left 2nd mass was well delineated, and had several dark brown areas and yellowish white glittered areas. Mass was well circumscribed with dense connective tissue. Neoplastic areas contained irregular sized mammary gland with papillary grown luminal epithelial cells in single or double cells layer with mitotic figures and small amounts of proliferated myoepithelial cells. Proliferated myoepithelial cells also produced slightly basophilic mucinous materials. Based on the gross, histopathologic and special staining characteristics, this dog was diagnosed as 90% of apocrine sweat gland aenocarcinoma and 10% mammary. complex adenomas in mammary masses. In our best knowledge, this is the first report for concurrent occurrence of apocrine sweat gland adenocarcinoma and mammary gland complex adenoma in mammary masses of the same dog.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.102-108
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• 1998

Gltcosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)에 의해 고정된 단백질의 초기 형태는 골지체에서의 직접적인 processing을 수행하기 위한 아미노와 카르 복시 말단의 hydrophobic signal sequence를 소유하고 있다. 앞서, mouse 임파구로부터 NAD;arginine ADP-ribosyltransferase (Yac-1)가 클로닝되었으며 Yac-1 transferase의 아미노산 배열을 추정해 본 결과, hydrophobic 아미노와 카르복시 말단을 포함하고 있었으며 이는 GPI-anchroed 단백질들의 알려진 signal sequence와 일치하였다. 미 transferase는 야생형의 cDNA로 transfection된 NMU (rat mammary adenocarcinoma) cell의 표면에 존재하였으며 phosphoatidylinosotol-specific phospholipase C에 의해 방출되어졌다. 카르복시 말단의 hydrophobic sequence가 없는 돌연변이체는 수용성이며 분비성인 transferase를 생산하였다. 이러한 사실은 카르복시 말단의 sequence가 없는 돌연변이체는 수용성이며 분비성인 transferase를 생산하였다. 이러한 사실은 카르복시 말단의 sequence가 GPI의 부착에 중요함을 나타내준다.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제47권1호
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• pp.83-87
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• 2020

Extramammary Paget disease (EMPD) is an uncommon malignancy that occurs in apocrine gland-rich areas of the body. EMPD of the axilla is rare, but a few cases have been reported. Some cases of EMPD have been reported with underlying apocrine adenocarcinoma; rarely, mammary-type ductal carcinoma can accompany EMPD. Here, we report a very rare case of EMPD with apocrine adenocarcinoma and invasive mammary-type ductal carcinoma. A 55-year-old woman was referred with a brownish pigmented plaque accompanying an area of ulceration in the left axilla. A preoperative biopsy indicated Paget disease, and an additional evaluation was performed to determine whether it was of primary or secondary origin. A wide excision was made, and the axilla was reconstructed using a thoracodorsal artery perforator flap. The biopsy showed apocrine adenocarcinoma and invasive mammary-type ductal carcinoma with pagetoid spreading. The patient had no evidence of recurrence or other postoperative complications.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제52권4호
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• pp.281-283
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• 2012

An 8-year-old female, German Shepherd dog was presented with history of dyspnea and seizure. One Year Previously a lumpectomy had been performed for surgical resection of mammary mass. In serum chemistry, severe hypoglycemia and elevation of aspartate aminitransferase and creatine kinase were shown. In thoracic radiography, there were variable sized nodules in the overall lung field. On computed tomography examination, the mass was shown in left longissimus lumborum muscle. Histopathological examination revealed adenocarcinoma derived from the mammary gland. Muscular metastasis of mammary gland tumor is uncommon. This is a rare observation and could easily be overlooked or misinterpreted.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제40권6호
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• pp.445-451
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• 2023

An 8-year-old female pet rabbit presented at the veterinary clinic for mammary gland palpation due to the presence of a mass. Upon physical examination, a mass was identified in the left fourth mammary gland. Abdominal ultrasonography revealed a 3 × 2 cm mass in the right uterus and general thickening of the endometrium, suggesting uterine sinusitis. Multiple pulmonary nodules suspected to be metastatic lesions were identified on chest radiography. Surgery was performed to mastectomy and ovariohysterectomy (OHE). The histopathological examination of the tumor revealed mammary gland adenocarcinoma (simple-type) with multiple nodules consisting of the proliferation of tumor cells forming tubules containing secretory materials, cellular debris, and solid nests with a central area of necrosis. Metronomic chemotherapy was performed with cyclophosphamide and lomustine (CCNU) based on the histopathological findings. The quality of life has been well maintained, with no specific clinical symptoms observed for 8 months after metronomic chemotherapy. To the best of authors' knowledge, this study is the first to examine the effects of metronomic chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide and lomustine in a pet rabbit.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.843-854
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• 1997

Sixteen mammary gland tumors were collected from Seoul National University and Kangwon National University. The average age of the bitches with mammary gland tumor was 10 years. Total 17(60.7%) out of 28 tumor masses observed in 4th and 5th glands. Classification of these tumors according to Hampe and Misdorp were simple adenoma, complex adenoma, benign mixed tumor, papillary adenocarcinoma, solid adenocarcinoma and malignant mixed tumor. Immunohistochemical reaction of the intermediate filaments against normal canine mammary gland showed as followed; anti-cytokeratin 18 was strong and anti-cytokeratin 14 was moderate to the luminal epithelium. Anti-cytokeratin 14 and anti-pancytokeratin to the myoepithelium were showed strong, but anti-vimentin was weak in reactivity. Anti-vimentin to the interstitial cells was represented strong reactivity. The origin of cartilage in mixed tumor of canine mammary gland was studied immunohistochemically with antibodies against intermediate filament. In mammary gland mixed tumors, cartilage tumor tissues were surrounded with the irregularly demarcated three zones composed of adjacent star shaped cells in myxoid areas, proliferative spindle shaped cells and basal located proliferated cells. From basal proliferated cells to star shaped cells, the immunohistochemical reactivity of myoepithelium specific anti-pancytokeratin was decreased gradually and the reactivity of interstitial cell specific anti-vimentin was increased gradually. Based on these immunohistochemical staining patterns, we suggested that the origin of cartilagenous components in canine mammary gland mixed tumor is most likely to the proliferation and metaplsia of myoepithelium.

• 한국수의병리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수의병리학회 2000년도 추계학술대회 및 정기총회
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• pp.24-24
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• 2000

A case of mammary gland adenocarcinoma is reported in a 22-year-old female Mandril (Mandrillus sphinix). The veterinarian noted a fast growing mass, which was inflammed and perforated, involving both mammary gland during the last 4 months. Supplement antibiotic and chemotherpay were unsucessful and the monkey was found dead. On necropsy, both right and left mannary gland were replaced by firm, tan, perforating neoplastic mass. (omitted)

• Toxicological Research
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.465-474
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• 1998

This study was examined on the effect of ex-vivo immunotherapy in 7, 12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA)-induced rat mammary carcinogenesis. Sprague-Dawley female 40 rats were divided into Jour groups. As a positive control, Group I was intubated with DMBA, 5 mg /100 g body weight and single dose, at experimental onset. Group II was treated ex-vivo immunotherapy with polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (Poly I : C) and Group III was treated with Interleukin-2 (IL-2). Group IV was negative control. All rats were sacrificed at 16 weeks after DMBA intubation. Mammary gland wet weight, dry fat free tissue weight, incidence of tumor, and the number of lobules, alveolar buds, terminal end buds, and terminal ducts were examined. Morphological changes of the mammary gland after treated with DMBA were analyzed by whole mount and histopathological method. As results, the induced mammary tumors of Group I, II and III were 60%, 33% and 0%, respectively. Histopathological types of induced-mammary tumors were adenoma, adenocarcinoma and carcinosarcoma. In analysis of the whole mount method, the number of the terminal end buds, terminal ducts and lobules were significantly lower in Group II (p<0.01) and III (p<0.01) than DMBA alone treated Group I. In microscopic observation, hyperplastic alveolar nodules were significantly lower in Group III than Group I (p<0.01). In conclusion, IL-2 had strong inhibitory effect on the mammary gland tumorigenesis induced by DMBA in rats. Whole mount method may be a useful technique to assess the mammary carcinogenesis. Moreover, hyperplastic alveolar nodules were very sensitive parameter to assess the mammary carcinogenesis.