• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.294-297
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• 2010

A new intermediate parent 'Wonye 30001' (Allium cepa L.) was developed by Bioenergy Crop Research Center, NICS in 2009. As a male sterile line, 'Wonye 30001' could be used for hybrid seed production by crossing with pollen parent. The first cross was conducted in 2000. Male sterile plants were selected from 'Ginque' breeding lines and fertile plants were selected from YG-1-1. The male sterile line 'Wonye 30001' has circular bulb and bulb weight of 260 g. As mid-late maturing type, lodging date is around May 20. Plant height and stem diameter are 57 cm and 15.9 mm, respectively. In seed harvesting characteristics, number of flower stalks and the length are 6 and 135cm, respectively. Flowering date of 'Wonye' is May 23 and is completely male sterile. 'Wonye 30001' is a promising male sterile line for hybrid bulb onion seed production.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.14
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• pp.5847-5852
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• 2015

Background: Smoking behavior is related to numerous factors, including psychosocial parameters. This study investigated the association between family context factors and smoking among male adolescents. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional, school-based study was conducted during 2014. The study sampled 900 students from intermediate and secondary schools in Madinah City, Saudi Arabia. Data concerning smoking status, sociodemographic, parental and friends' smoking behavior, and family factors were collected using a self-administered questionnaire. These data were employed to estimate the prevalence of smoking using appropriate statistical analyses including multivariate logistic regression. Results: Of 900 students, 870 completed the study questionnaire (96.7%). Of the respondents, 181 students (20.8%, 95% CI=18.1%-23.5%) were current smokers, and a much higher prevalence was observed among adolescents with most or all of their friends smoking (48.1%) and those living with neither parent (47.4%). The adjusted risk of smoking increased significantly among adolescents who lived with neither parent (OR=3.3; 95% CI=1.1-9.2) and among those who reported little or no parental supervision (OR=1.5; 95% CI=1.0-2.1). Conclusions: Family context factors are associated with an increased risk of smoking behavior among male adolescents in Saudi Arabia.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.89-101
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of demographics and general clothing buying behavior of college male students in China. A questionnaire was developed to measure clothing purchasing motives, fashion information sources, evaluation criteria of apparel product, stores selection criteria, and general clothing buying behavior. The questionnaire was administered to 300 college male students in Dandong of China. The data was analyzed using percentage, frequency, mean, factor analysis, and ANOVA, duncan test. The results of the study were as fellows: 1. The clothing purchasing motives of consumers were significantly different depending on demographics. 2. The fashion information sources of consumers were significantly different depending on subjects, pocket money, and level of life. 3. The evaluation criteria of apparel product of consumers were significantly different depending on parent's jobs. 4. The stores selection criteria of consumers were significantly different depending on parent's school career, mother's jobs, household income. 5. Apparel buying places of consumers were in order of ; department stores, speciality stores, natural market. The buying frequency of apparel showed the most three times a year. The consumers were influenced by friends for apparel purchasing, and the method of payment mainly cash. 6. About purchase experience of the imported clothing, the 67% consumers answered 'yes', and the country of origin of the imported clothing were in order of ; Japan, Italy, France, Korea. The imported clothing satisfaction level of consumers were significantly different depending on demographics.

• Korean Journal of Plant Tissue Culture
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.257-262
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• 1997

Intergeneric crosses over 34 cross combinations between genus Brassica and Raphanus were made. Ovules taken out of crossed were cultured on MS media supplemented with 1.0 mg/L GA and BA. Germination of embryo from ovule culture was not influenced by BA and GA in medium but by parental characters in its cross combination. Use of Raphanus sativus cv. Daibyosobudore and Jungkukcheongpi showed low embryo germination when they were used as male part. Cross combination with Brassica juncea as male parent showed slightly increased germination compared to other cross. These results indicated that embryo germination in ovule culture was not much influenced by casein hydrolysate, malt extract, BA, kinetin and glutamine in the medium, but parents in combination were key factor for increasing embryo germination.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.129-146
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• 2006

The objective of this study was to investigate the sibling relationship, the attachment to parent and peer according to children's gender, birth order, and sibling gender composition. For this purpose, 697 male and female elementary students answered the questionnaire, who were selected because they had only one sibling. The date were analysed by t-test and partial correlation. The major finding of this study showed that children who had same sex of sibling perceived more positive way to their younger sibling then children who had different sex of sibling and that children who had female sibling perceived more positive way to sibling relationship, attachment to parent and their peers than children who had male sibling.

• Journal of environmental and Sanitary engineering
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• v.22 no.1 s.63
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• pp.67-74
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is to provide the necessarily basic data of the ideal growth of the students by investigating the effect of the student's stress due to the parent's achievement pressure. The sample of this study are In students consisting of 51 boys and 49 girls in the 3rd grade classes of "J" middle school located in Siheung city, Kyungki-do. The observed materials are used to investigate the parent's achievement pressure and the level of stress. Based on the observed data, the frequency, correlation, and t-test have been gained. The results are summarized as follows : 1. The perception of the parent's achievement pressure is shown more by the boy's achievement pressure($44.2{\pm}9.9$) than the girl's achievement pressure($39.939{\pm}11.089$), among the high level students. 2. The perception of the parent's achievement pressure is shown more the high($43.0{\pm}10.7$) and middle($42.9{\pm}11.8$) level students than the low($39.7{\pm}8.00$) level students. 3. The stress of male students was high in the Solving Problem stress factor with by the mean of $15.1{\pm}3.7$, and the stress of female students was high in the Self-Control stress factor with the mean of $13.3{\pm}3.9$. 4. The stress of high, middle, low level student was high in the Solution of Matter stress factor with the mean of $14.2{\pm}3.9$. 5. The results were the main cause of the stress than the parent's achievement pressure.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.37 no.9
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• pp.103-127
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• 1999

The effects of environmental factors on adolescent’s socialization were examined according to the gender. Data were drawn from 1,412 adolescents. A hypothesized model was tested for male and female students separately by the links among housing, family conflicts, parent-adolescent relationship, family stress, peer relations, mass media, school atmosphere, consumption, consumer socialization, and adolescent’s socialization. There was no difference between male and female students in the predictability of the effects of environmental factors on internal and external socialization. For male students, the internal socialization was directly related to mass media, consumer socialization, peer relations, family stress, mother-adolescent relations, and school atmosphere. The external socialization was directly related to mass media, school atmosphere, consumer socialization, father-adolescent relations, housing, and mother-adolescent relations. For female students, the internal socialization was directly related to mass media, peer relations, father-adolescent relations, and consumer socialization. The external socialization was directly related to mass media, followed by consumer socialization, mother-adolescent relations, school atmosphere, housing, and peer relations. The findings are consistent with a growing body of literature showing that the environmental factors are related to male & female adolescent’s socialization.

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.451-455
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• 2009

Lilium lancifolium, which is one of the Korean native lilies, possesses several useful genetic characteristics such as growth vigor, bulbil formation and resistance to Fusarium. Hybridization was performed to insert useful traits of Asiatic hybrid "Dreamland" as the male parent with upward direction and dark brown spotless on the petal into L. lancifolium as the female parent. The rate of pollen germination of L. lancifolium and "Dreamland" were 30% and 60%, respectively. The pollen germination ratio of $F_1$ progenies at flowering date was 25-57%, which is between the parents'pollen germination ratio. The individual flowering time was between 113 days and 131 days after planting. Of 99% of all plants, the leaf shape index was more than five, which means that the leaf shape of $F_1$ plants is more influenced by female than male parent. The flower color was separated into four types. 51.5% of the progenies showed orange and 44.2% showed light orange, respectively. The colors seemed to be highly influenced by female parents. Mixed colors of parents, orange yellow and light yellow orange, were 3.1%, 1.2%, respectively. Flowering directions were segregated by three different ways, upside, side, and downside. Side direction, which is medium type between female and male parent, was 73%. All progenies showed lots of spot on petals except one offspring. The percentage of bulbil formation on leaf axil was 49.4%. Among those, the maximum number of bulbil formation was 25. The mean number of bulbil formation per plant was five.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.46 no.6
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• pp.452-458
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• 2002

Dehydroevodiamine-HCl (DHED), which is a component separated from Evodia rutaecarpa Bentham, has novel anticholinesterase and antiamnesic activities in a scopolamine-induced amnesia model. Several studies suggest that DHED might be an effective drug for Alzheimer's disease and a vascular type of dementia. DHED was at dose levels of 0, 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg/day administered intraperitoneally to Sprague-Dawley male rats for 60 days before mating and to females from 14 days before mating to 7 days after mating. Effects of the DHED on general symptom and reproductive performance of parent animals and embryonic development were examined. In male parents, whereas no death was observed, reduction in the increase rate of body weight was found at 200 mg/kg. In female parents, both of the mating performance and the fertility of parent animals were decreased at 200 mg/kg, but not significantly. In 200 mg/kg treated group, the fetal death rate was increased but total fetuses showed no changes compared to the control group. There were no malformed F1 fetuses in all groups.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.85-90
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• 1997

This study was carried out to clarify the cause of incompatibility in interspecific hybrid plant between Panax ginseng and p. quinquefolium. The floral structure of F,(p.g. x p.q.) hybrid was normal because the redundant anther was 0.2 mm longer than pistil in Fl hybrid and the size and structure of redundant carpel in F, hybrid were similar to P. ginseng and p. quiquefolium Pollens of $F_1$ hybrid did not germinate on stigma of P-quinquefolium but germinated well on stigma of P. ginseng. Pollen tube was able to penetrate styles completely and seed harvest rate was 16.8% in field. However on stigma of $F_1$ hybrid, Pollen did not germinate when P. ginseng was used as male Parent. In addition, the growth of pollen tube was halted on style and seed was not set when P qlfinquefoEi2a was used as male Parent. These suggest that the inhibitor of pollen germination present on stigma caused $F_1$ hybrid sterility. It took 5 hours for pollen grains to germinate, 12 hours to arrive at in trance of ovule, 16 hours to penetrate micropyles in Panax ginseng.