• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.193-199
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• 2022

In this study, lenses are fabricated using various nanomaterials as additives to a silicone polymer made with an optimum mixing ratio and short polymerization time. In addition, PVP is added at a ratio of 1 % to investigate the physical properties according to the degree of dispersion, and the compatibility with hydrophobic silicone and the possibility of application as a functional lens material are confirmed. The main materials are SIU as a silicone monomer, DMA, a hydrophilic copolymer, EGDMA as a crosslinking agent, and 2H2M as a photoinitiator. Holmium (III) oxide, Europium (III) oxide, aluminum oxide, and PVP are used. When Holmium (III) oxide and Europium (III) oxide are added based on the Ref sample, the characteristics of the lens tend to be similar overall, and the aluminum oxide shows a tendency slightly different from the previous two oxides. This material can be used as a silicone lens material with various nano oxides and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) acting as a dispersant.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.1000-1005
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• 1998

To establish the process control for inhibiting browning of Doenjang, the factors of browning were investigated. The browning of Doenjang was prompted by oxygen, temperature, light and Fe. Expecially temperature, oxygen and metal were main factors of browning in Doenjang. The Color Doenjang was determined by ratios of raw materials, process of manufacture and the channel of distribution. Among ascorbic acid and anti-browning agent, anti-browning agent was effective to inhibit the browning of Doenjang. The process control to inhibit the browning of Doenjang was as follows: temperature; $20^{\circ}C$ or less than, oxygen; elimination, Fe; inhibition of inflow.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.985-1001
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• 2018

In this study, we tried the various experiments using the emulsifier, electrolyte, stabilizer and gelling agent in order to improve a stability of low viscosity W/O emulsion. As a result, when we used polyglyceryl-4 diisostearate/polyhydroxystearate/sebacate as a main emulsifier, PEG-30 dipolyhydroxystearate and cetyl PEG/PPG-10/1 dimethicone as a co-emulsifier for stable emulsification system, 0.5 % sodium chloride as an electrolyte, 1 % distearyldimonium chloride as a stabilizer, 0.5 % glyceryl behenate/eicosadioate as an oil gelling agent, emulsion particle is the best. Also, we got the stable and low viscosity W/O emulsion maintained at a constant viscosity at 2,000 cps or less. In addition, we were able to examine the possibility of development of low viscosity fluids type sunscreens with excellent feeling and stability through the application of inorganic sunscreen agents.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2015.07a
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• pp.517-518
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• 2015

본 논문에서는 저압 직류(LVDC) 마이크로그리드(Microgrid)의 배전가능거리와 분산전원 수용률을 증대하기 위한 지능형 에이전트 기반의 전압 제어 기법에 대해서 설명한다. 제안하는 방법은 분산전원에 설치된 지능형 제어노드에서 자율적인 전압, 전류, 전력측정을 수행하고 이러한 데이터를 바탕으로 전압제어 민감도를 산출하며 실시간 모니터링 데이터와 함께 중앙 관리시스템으로 전송된다. 중앙 관리시스템은 교류계통과 연계되는 주(Main) AC-DC 전력변환기와 각 분산 전원과의 협조제어를 통해 마이크로그리드의 전압을 실시간으로 제어한다. 제안하는 전압제어 원리의 구현을 위해 본 논문은 지능형 에이전트 기반의 직류 마이크로그리드 관리시스템에 대해서 설명한다. 개발된 마이크로그리드 관리시스템은 실시간 OS를 탑재한 범용 임베디드 시스템 하드웨어로 구성되며 이더넷 통신을 이용하여 멀티-에이전트 네트워크를 구성한다.

• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.15-29
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• 2020

The aims of this study is to improve physical properties of the sewage sludge and the process sludge generated in the leachate treatment by mixing the dry fuel, to develop the neutral solidifing agents that reduce oder, and to recycle the sewage and the process sludges as landfill cover materials. The mixing ratio (W/W) of sludges and dry fuel was appropriate at about 1:1, and the mixed materials were shown to be homogeneous at that ratio. We could know that when the sludges were mixed with dry fuel, moisture contents and viscosities are reduced, and air passages are formed between particles and particles. The various mixing tests and odor tests showed that the neutral solidifing agent was effective for the odor reduction. The main ingredient of the solidifing agent is the ash of sewage sludge, enabling it competitive in waste recycling and production costs. The landfill cover, using developed neutral solidification agent, improved physical properties to satisfy the quality standards and to increase the compressive strength. It also proved to reduce the value of complex oder and the usage of solidification agent to 1/3 (3,000 to 1,000) and to 1/8 (50% to 6%), respectively, from the comparative study with alkaline solidified landfill cover. Further research is under way to prove that this can be mixed with general soil to be used as a soil improvement agent for plant cultivation.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.177-186
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• 2005

The latest concrete structure has showed that the deterioration of durability has been increased by the damage from salt, carbonization, freezing & thawing and the others. Therefore, the measures for the concrete which has deteriorated durability have been taken. Among them, it has been often used that surface treatment which cuts off the deterioration factors of durability by protecting the surface of concrete. However, troubles such as fracture and rupture in the repair layer have been reported as time goes by due to the difference between the organic repair material like epoxy and concrete properties. Researchers have been developing the repair material which can cut off the deterioration factors of durability such as $CO_2$ gas, chloride ion and water by making the formation of concrete elaborate through the reaction with calcium ion when the surface improving agent is coated on the concrete. The main ingredient of that is inorganic substance which is the same as the concrete property. This study was evaluated the surface improving agent for permeability, watertightness, air-permeability, chemical resistance and elution resistance. As a result, it has been reported that the surface improving agent improves watertightness and air-permeability by penetration more than 10mm within concrete. Therefore, it is concluded that the surface improving agent developed in this research prevents deterioration of concrete durability when it is coated on the concrete structure.

• Asia-pacific Journal of Multimedia Services Convergent with Art, Humanities, and Sociology
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• v.7 no.6
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• pp.777-784
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• 2017

In the architectural space, the user's behavior is the most important factor in evaluating the quality of architecture. Normally, the evaluation of user behavioral performance was carried out after a building was completed. Recently, interest in and efforts at pre-simulation based on information technology are accelerating. However, since existing user simulation technology is concerned mainly with simply escaping from a large space, it is impossible to simulate the behavior of multiple users in an architectural space. The present study strives to develop a human-figured intelligent agent for advanced user simulation based on ontology. The main purpose of the study is to employ the intelligent behaviors of a NPC(Non-player Character) to infer the ontology of both spatial and user information. In this paper, we intend to integrate ontology inference technology into the virtual space. And also, this study suggest the ontology visualization technology which illustrate the ontology-based information and their change in the spatial information.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.82-89
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• 2014

In 2009-2010, unusual symptoms were observed on Pleurotus eryngii grown in mushroom farms in Gyeongnam Province, Republic of Korea. One of the main symptoms was a cobweb-like growth of fungal mycelia over the surface of the mushroom. The colonies on the surface rapidly overwhelmed the mushrooms and developed several spores within 3-4 days. The colonized surface turned pale brown or yellow. The fruit body eventually turned dark brown and became rancid. Koch's postulates were completed by spraying and spotting using isolated strains. The phylogenetic tree obtained from the internal transcribed spacer sequence analysis showed that the isolated fungal pathogen corresponded to Cladobotryum mycophilum (99.5%). In the fungicide sensitivity tests, the $ED_{50}$ values for the isolate with respect to benomyl and carbendazim were from 0.29 to 0.31 ppm. Benzimidazole fungicides were most effective against C. mycophilum, a causal agent of cobweb disease in P. eryngii.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.191-196
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• 2006

The injection of ozone, produced by dielectric barrier discharge, into the exhaust gas gives rise to a rapid oxidation of NO that is the main component of nitrogen oxides($NO_x$) in most practical exhaust gases. Once NO is converted into $NO_2$, it on readily be reduced to $N_2$ in the next step by a reducing agent such as sodium sulfide and sodium sulfite. The reducing agents used ca also remove $SO_2$ effectively, which makes it possible to treat $NO_x\;and\;SO_2$ simultaneously. The present two-step process made up of an ozonizing chamber and an absorber containing a reducing agent solution was able to remove about 95% of the $NO_x$ and 100% of the $SO_2$, initially contained in the simulated exhaust gas. The formation of $H_2S$ from sodium sulfide was prevented by using a strong basic reagent(NaOH) together with the reducing agent. The removal of $NO_x$\;and\;SO_2$ was more effective for $Na_2S$ than $Na_2SO_3$.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.247-255
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• 2014

Consumers have become very conscious about their nutrition and well being due to changes in their socio-economic lifestyle and rapid urbanization. Therefore, development of technology for production of low cost and functional meat products is urgently required. One such approach is innovative restructuring technology in which binding of meat pieces still remains the main challenge and extension of product is generally associated with poor binding and texture. Thus, the present study was envisaged as an attempt to solve this problem by the incorporation of flaxseed flour (FF) as bind enhancing agent. The FF was used at three different levels viz., 0.5%, 1%, and 1.5% to replace lean meat in pre-standardized restructured mutton chops formulation. The products were subjected to analysis for physico-chemical, sensory and textural properties. Cooking yield, moisture percentage and fat percentage increased with increase in the level of incorporation of FF, however, protein percent and pH decreased with increase in the level of incorporation. Shear force value of product incorporated with 1.5% FF was significantly higher (p<0.01) than control and product containing 0.5% FF level. Among the sensory attributes, product with 1% flaxseed flour showed significantly higher values (p<0.05) for general appearance, binding, texture and overall acceptability. Hardness showed significant increasing (p<0.01) values with increasing levels of incorporation of flaxseed flour, however all other parameters of texture profile analysis showed a decreasing trend. On the basis of sensory scores and physico-chemical properties, the optimum incorporation level of FF was adjudged as 1%. Products incorporated with optimum level of flaxseed flour (1%) were also assessed for water activity and microbiological quality during the storage period of 15 days. It was found that the extended restructured product could be safely stored under refrigeration ($4^{\circ}C{\pm}1^{\circ}C$) in low density polyethylene (LDPE) pouches for 15 days without marked deterioration in sensory and microbiological quality. Thus, it was concluded that flaxseed flour can be used as a good bind enhancing agent in extended restructured meat products at an economic cost.