• Kyungpook Mathematical Journal
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• v.47 no.3
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• pp.363-372
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• 2007

An element $a$ in a ring R is called left morphic if $$R/Ra{\simeq_-}1(a)$$. A ring is called left morphic if every element is left morphic. In this paper, an element $a$ in a ring R is called left ${\pi}$-morphic (resp. left G-morphic) if there exists a positive number $n$ such that $a^n$ (resp. $a^n{\neq}0$) is left morphic. A ring R is called left ${\pi}$-morphic (resp. left G-morphic) if every element is left ${\pi}$-morphic (resp. left G-morphic). The Morita invariance of left ${\pi}$-morphic (resp. left G-morphic) rings is discussed. Several relevant properties are proved. In particular, it is shown that a left Noetherian ring R with $M_4(R)$ left G-morphic or $M_2(R)$ left morphic is QF. Some known results of left morphic rings are extended to left G-morphic rings and left ${\pi}$-morphic rings.

• Communications of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.81-93
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• 2008

In [3, 9], using the theory of noncommutative Dirichlet forms in the sense of Cipriani [6] and the symmetric embedding map, authors constructed the KMS-symmetric Markovian semigroup $\{S_t\}_{t{\geq}0}$ on a von Neumann algebra $\cal{M}$ with an admissible function f and an operator $x\;{\in}\;{\cal{M}}$. We give a sufficient and necessary condition for x so that the semigroup $\{S_t\}_{t{\geq}0}$ acts separately on diagonal and off-diagonal operators with respect to a basis and study some results.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.317-335
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• 2014

In this work, we investigate the global stability analysis of a viral infection model with antibody immune response. The incidence rate is given by a general function of the populations of the uninfected target cells, infected cells and free viruses. The model has been incorporated with two types of intracellular distributed time delays to describe the time required for viral contacting an uninfected cell and releasing new infectious viruses. We have established a set of conditions on the general incidence rate function and determined two threshold parameters $R_0$ (the basic infection reproduction number) and $R_1$ (the antibody immune response activation number) which are sufficient to determine the global dynamics of the model. The global asymptotic stability of the equilibria of the model has been proven by using Lyapunov theory and applying LaSalle's invariance principle.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.39-63
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• 2019

In this paper, we study the effect of Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte (CTL) and antibody immune responses on the virus dynamics with both virus-to-cell and cell-to-cell transmissions. The infection rate is given by Holling type-II. We first show that the model is biologically acceptable by showing that the solutions of the model are nonnegative and bounded. We find the equilibria of the model and investigate their global stability analysis. We derive five threshold parameters which fully determine the existence and stability of the five equilibria of the model. The global stability of all equilibria of the model is proven using Lyapunov method and applying LaSalle's invariance principle. To support our theoretical results we have performed some numerical simulations for the model. The results show the CTL and antibody immune response can control the disease progression.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.192-199
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• 1999

We propose a rotation invariant fingerprint identification system based on the circular harmonic filter(CHF) and binary phase extraction joint transform correlator(BPEJTC) for validation and security verification. It is shown that this system has the shift and rotation robust properties and can recognize the fingerprint in real-time. The complex circular harmonic filter, which is used to obtain the rotation invariance, is converted into the real-valued filter for real-time implementation. Experimental results show that this system has a good performance in the rotated fingerprints.

• Journal of Korea Society of Digital Industry and Information Management
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.165-176
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• 2013

This paper introduces the high density discrete wavelet transform using quincunx sampling, which is a discrete wavelet transformation that combines the high density discrete transformation and non-separable processing method, each of which has its own characteristics and advantages. The high density discrete wavelet transformation is one that expands an N point signal to M transform coefficients with M > N. The high density discrete wavelet transformation is a new set of dyadic wavelet transformation with two generators. The construction provides a higher sampling in both time and frequency. This new transform is approximately shift-invariant and has intermediate scales. In two dimensions, this transform outperforms the standard discrete wavelet transformation in terms of shift-invariant. Although the transformation utilizes more wavelets, sampling rates are high costs and some lack a dominant spatial orientation, which prevents them from being able to isolate those directions. A solution to this problem is a non separable method. The quincunx lattice is a non-separable sampling method in image processing. It treats the different directions more homogeneously than the separable two dimensional schemes. Proposed wavelet transformation can generate sub-images of multiple degrees rotated versions. Therefore, This method services good performance in image processing fields.

• Journal of Korea Society of Digital Industry and Information Management
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.133-145
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• 2012

This paper describes the high density discrete wavelet transformation which is one that expands an N point signal to M transform coefficients with M > N. The double-density discrete wavelet transform is one of the high density discrete wavelet transformation. This transformation employs one scaling function and two distinct wavelets, which are designed to be offset from one another by one half. And it is nearly shift-invariant. Similarly, triple-density discrete wavelet transformation is a new set of dyadic wavelet transformation with two generators. The construction provides a higher sampling in both time and frequency. Specifically, the spectrum of the first wavelet is concentrated halfway between the spectrum of the second wavelet and the spectrum of its dilated version. In addition, the second wavelet is translated by half-integers rather than whole-integers in the frame construction. This arrangement leads to high density wavelet transformation. But this new transform is approximately shift-invariant and has intermediate scales. In two dimensions, this transform outperforms the standard and double-density discrete wavelet transformation in terms of multiple directions. Resultingly, the proposed wavelet transformation services good performance in image and video processing fields.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.179-191
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• 2013

The quincunx lattice is a non-separable sampling method in image processing. It treats the different directions more homogeneously and good frequency property than the separable two dimensional schemes. The high density discrete wavelet transformation is one that expands an N point signal to M transform coefficients with M > N. In two dimensions, this transform outperforms the standard discrete wavelet transformation in terms of shift-invariant. Although the transformation utilizes more wavelets, sampling rates are high costs. This paper proposed the high density discrete wavelet transform using quincunx sampling, which is a discrete wavelet transformation that combines the high density discrete transformation and non-separable processing method, each of which has its own characteristics and advantages. Proposed wavelet transformation can service good performance in image processing fields.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.842-849
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• 2002

The present study showed that a quantitative analogy of the fully developed laminar flows inorthogonally rotating rectangular ducts and stationary curved rectangular ducts of arbitrary aspect ratio could be established. In order to clarify the similarity of the two flows, the dimensionless parameters $K_{LR}$ =Re/√Ro and Rossby number Ro= $w_{m}$/$\Omega$d in a rotating strait duct were used as a set corresponding to Dean number $K_{LC}$ =Re/√λand curvature ratio λ=R/d in a stationary curved duct. Under the condition that the value of Rossby number and curvature ratio was large enough, the flow field satisfied the ‘asymptotic invariance property’: there were strong quantitative similarities between the two flows such as friction factors, flow patterns, and maximum axial velocity magnitudes for the same values of $K_{LR}$ and $K_{LC}$ .

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1996.07b
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• pp.793-796
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• 1996

This study proposes a new algorithm which performs a production simulation under various constraints and maintains computational efficiency. In order to consider the environmental and operational constraints, the proposed algorithm is based on optimization techniques formulated in LP form In the algorithm, "system characteristic constraints" reflect the system characteristics such as LDC shape, unit loading order and forced outage rate. By using the concept of Energy Invariance Property and two operational rules i.e. Compliance Rule for Emission Constraint, Compliance Rule for Limited Energy of Individual Unit, the number of system characteristic constraints is appreciably reduced. As a solution method of the optimization problem, the author uses Karmarkar's method which performs effectively in solving large scale LP problem. The efficiency of production simulation is meaningful when it is effectively used in power system planning. With the proposed production simulation algorithm, an optimal expansion planning model which can cope with operational constraints, environmental restriction, and various uncertainties is developed. This expansion planning model is applied to the long range planning schemes by WASP, and determines an optimal expansion scheme which considers the effect of supply interruption, load forecasting errors, multistates of unit operation, plural limited energy plants etc.