• BMB Reports
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• 제55권12호
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• pp.639-644
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• 2022

Serine-arginine-rich splicing factors (SRSFs) are members of RNA processing proteins in the serine-arginine-rich (SR) family that could regulate the alternative splicing of the human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1). Whether SRSF9 has any effect on HIV-1 regulation requires elucidation. Here, we report for the first time the effects and mechanisms of SRSF9 on HIV-1 regulation. The overexpression of SRSF9 inhibits viral production and infectivity in both HEK293T and MT-4 cells. Deletion analysis of SRSF9 determined that the RNA regulation motif domain of SRSF9 is important for anti-HIV-1 effects. Furthermore, overexpression of SRSF9 increases multiple spliced forms of viral mRNA, such as Vpr mRNA. These data suggest that SRSF9 overexpression inhibits HIV-1 production by inducing the imbalanced HIV-1 mRNA splicing that could be exploited further for a novel HIV-1 therapeutic molecule.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제34권6호
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• pp.1340-1347
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• 2024

Ehretia asperula is a medicinal plant of the Ehretiaceae family used to treat inflammatory disorders, but the underlying mechanisms are not fully elucidated. The anti-inflammatory potential was determined based on enzyme cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibition, which showed that the 95% ethanol extract (95ECH) was most effective with a half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC₅₀) value of 34.09 ㎍/mL. The effects of 95ECH on phagocytosis, NO production, gene, and protein expression of the cyclooxygenase 2/prostaglandin E2 (COX-2/PGE2) and inducible nitric oxide synthase/ nitric oxide (iNOS/NO) pathways in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW264.7 cells were examined using the neutral red uptake and Griess assays, reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reactions (RT-PCR), and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). The results showed that 95ECH suppressed phagocytosis and the NO production in activated macrophage cells (p < 0.01). Conversely, 95ECH regulated the expression levels of mRNAs for cytokines tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) as well as the corresponding proteins. In addition, PGE2 production was inhibited in a dose-dependent manner by 95ECH, and the expression of iNOS and COX-2 mRNAs was decreased in activated macrophage cells, as expected. Therefore, 95ECH from E. asperula leaves contains potentially valuable compounds for use in inflammation management.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제26권8호
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• pp.881-886
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• 2016

은난초(Cephalanthera erecta)는 난초과 은대난초속 초본이며 약용으로 쓰인다. 부산광역시 기장군 아홉산에서 은난초 식물 집단에 대해 개체군의 밀도와 공간분석을 실시하였다. 은난초의 공간적 분석은 여러 공간 분석 패치 척도를 사용하여 집단의 균질한 분포와 응집이 플롯의 크기에 따라 차이가 발생하는지 조사하였으며, 플롯의 크기에 따른 공관적 상관 분석을 실시하였다. 평균 운집 정도(M*)와 패치 지수(PAI)는 가장 작은 플롯(2 m × 2 m)을 제외하고는 양의 값을 나타내었다. 많은 플롯에서 은난초의 개체들은 숲 군집 내 일정하게 분포하지 않았다. 작은 플롯(2 m × 2 m, to 8 m × 16 m) 내 은난초 군락은 숲 군집에서 일정하게 분포하고 있었지만, 큰 플롯(16 m × 16 m, 16 m × 32 m)에서는 은난초 군락에서 개체들의 응집이 발생하고 있었다. 공간적 상관관계 분석을 위해 Moran's I 척도를 이용한 결과 개체들의 응집은 등급 IV (12 m) 내에서 일어났다. 은난초 개체들은 18.0 m 이상 거리가 이격되면 이질성이 발생하였다. 결론적으로 한국 내 아홉산 집단에서 은난초의 지리적 분포는 플롯의 크기에 따라 변하며, 패치(patchy)구조를 보이며 패치의 크기는 인간의 활동에 의해서 밀도 효과를 유발한 것으로 판단되었다.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.318-323
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• 1981

대두의 돌연변이육종을 함에 있어서 돌연변이기의 효율적인 선발법을 확립하기 위하여 M_1세대의 초장 및 주당종자수와 M_2세대의 돌연변이 출현과의 관계 그리고 M_1 식물체의 키메라에 대해 조사한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 30kR의 감마선을 종자에 처리하였을 때 M_1초장의 분포는 무처리에 비해 45-68% 감소되는 개체가 전체의 63.7%를 차지하였으며 이 범위에 속하는 집단내에서 엽녹소변이는 71.4%, 가시적 형태변이가 62.3%를 차지하였다. 2. M_1주당종자수는 6-15개인 개체가 전체의 58.9%를 차지하였고 이때 엽녹소변이는 55.3%, 가시적 형태변이는 63.4%를 차지하였다. 3. M_1 집단에서 초장과 주당종자수는 통계적으로 유의한 정의 상관이 있었다. 4. M_1의 초장의 장해가 심하고 주당종자수가 적을 수록 M_2에서 가시적 형태변이의 출현율이 높았으며 반대로 엽녹소변이는 초장장해가 적고 주당종자수가 많을수록 변이출현율이 높은 경향이었다. 5. 변이가 일어난 M_2 family의 변이의 sector 크기는 M_1주당종자수 적을수록 크게 나타났다. 6. 엽녹소변이를 대상으로 M_1식물체의 꼬투리별로 돌연변이의 출리양상을 보면 식물체의 부위별로 일정한 경향이 없이 임의로 발생하였다. 7. 대두의 돌연변이육종을 효율적으로 수행하기 위해서는 종자에 고선량의 방사선을 처리할 것과 M_1의 주당종자수가 적은 개체를 수확하여 M_2에서 집단으로 양성할 것을 추천한다.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.595-603
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• 2016

Ribosomal S6 kinase is a family of serine/threonine protein kinases involved in the regulation of cell viability. There are two subfamilies of ribosomal s6 kinase, (p90rsk, p70rsk). Especially, p90rsk is known to be an important downstream kinase of p44/42 MAPK. We investigated the role of p90rsk on ethanol-induced cell proliferation of HepG2 cells. HepG2 cells were treated with 10~50 mM of ethanol with or without ERK and p90rsk inhibitors. Cell viability was measured by MTT assay. The expression of pERK1, NHE1 was measured by Western blots. The phosphorylation of p90rsk was measured by ELISA kits. The expression of Bcl-2 was measured by qRT-PCR. When the cells were treated with 10~30 mM of ethanol for 24 hour, it showed significant increase in cell viability versus control group. Besides, 10~30 mM of ethanol induced increased expression of pERK1, p-p90rsk, NHE1 and Bcl-2. Moreover treatment of p90rsk inhibitor attenuated the ethanol-induced increase in cell viability and NHE1 and Bcl-2 expression. In summary, these results suggest that p90rsk, a downstream kinase of ERK, plays a stimulatory role on ethanol-induced hepatocellular carcinoma progression by activating anti-apoptotic factor Bcl-2 and NHE1 known to regulate cell survival.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.811-816
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• 2007

Adipocyte fatty acid-binding protein (A-FABP), which belongs to the FABP family, plays an essential role in long-chain fatty acid uptake and metabolic homeostasis, especially in adipose tissue. The pattern of A-FABP gene mRNA expression in different growth stages and its relation to intramuscular fat (IMF) accretion in pigs was studied. Fifteen female $Duroc{\times}Landrace{\times}Yorkshire$ pigs in five groups of three pigs each, weighing 1, 30, 50, 70 and 90 kg were used to study developmental gene mRNA expression of A-FABP in various adipose tissues by means of semi-quantitative RT-PCR. Results showed that A-FABP mRNA levels in subcutaneous and ventral adipose tissues first increased from 1 to 50 kg, then gradually declined from 50 to 90 kg. Moreover, the rank order of A-FABP mRNA levels determined in three adipose tissues was as follows: subcutaneous adipose>ventral adipose>mesenteric adipose. A-FABP mRNA expression in mesenteric adipose tissue was constant during development. In addition, a positive correlation from 1 to 50 kg BW pigs and a negative correlation from 50 to 90 kg BW between A-FABP mRNA levels in subcutaneous and ventral adipose and IMF content were found.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.19-30
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to compare the characteristics of floor plan of $85m^2$-sized housing units with 2-bay and 3-bay and the residents' satisfaction with them. The subjects for analyzing floor plan were six floor plans of $85m^2$-sized housing units with 2-bay and nine floor plans of housing units with 3-bay in the new town, Hwamyeong-dong, in Busan. The floor plans were analyzed based on seven characteristics of floor plans such as the composition type of entrance core hall, the entrance arrangement, width and depth of the housing unit, size of each room, LDK arrangement, arrangement of family bathroom and private bathroom for husband and wife, and balcony arrangement. The subjects for grasping satisfaction with each housing unit were 400 residents of $85m^2$-sized housing units. A half of them lived in housing units with 2-bay and another half of them with 3-bay in the same area. They answered about the degree of satisfaction with the characteristics of each room and the preferred floor plan type if they move to the same size housing units through a questionnaire. The results were as follows; First, the floor plan with 3-bay had more diverse elements than one with 2-bay. Second, the residents who lived in 3-bay housing unit were younger, higher education, and higher income than the ones in 2-bay. Third, the residents who lived in $85m^2$-sized housing unit were more satisfied with and preferred to 3-bay housing units than 2-bay one.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.192-201
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• 2015

Information on plant diversity and community structure are required to chalk out necessary actions for conservation management. The present study assessed the composition and diversity of tree species in Kamalachari Natural Forest of Chittagong South Forest Division, Bangladesh, during April 2010 to November 2011. A total of 107 tree species belonging to 72 genera and 37 families were recorded, where Moraceae family was represented by maximum (11) species. Density, Basal area and volume of tree species were $418{\pm}20.09stem/ha$, $21.10{\pm}2.62m^2/ha$ and $417.4{\pm}79.8m^3/ha$ respectively. Diameter and height class distribution of tree species revealed an almost reverse J-shaped curve. Both the number of species and percentage of tree individuals were maximum in the lower DBH and height ranges. Anthropogenic disturbances like illegal tree cutting, over extraction, settlement inside forest area etc. were noticed during the study, which are supposed to cause gradual decrease of both tree species and individuals in the higher DBH and height classes. However, Artocarpus chama was found dominant showing maximum IVI followed by Schima wallichii, Aporosa wallichii, and Lithocarpus acuminata. The quantitative structure of the tree species of Kamalachari natural forest is comparable to other tree species rich tropical natural forests. The findings of the study may help in monitoring future plant population changes of the identified species and adopting species specific conservation programs in Kamalachari natural forest.

• 치위생과학회지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.488-494
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• 2015

치주인대세포의 효과적인 조절은 성공적인 치주 조직 재생에 중요한 역할을 한다. NFATc1의 활성화가 골모세포에서 분화를 자극하지만, 치주인대세포가 골모세포로 분화하는 과정에서 NFATc1의 역할은 아직 보고되지 않았다. 본 연구는 hPDLCs가 골모세포로 분화하는 동안 NFATc1의 mRNA의 발현과 단백질 발현이 유도됨을 처음으로 확인하였다. CsA에 의한 NFATc1의 억제는 세포증식을 감소시켰다. 게다가, CsA를 처리한 결과, 분화표지자, ALP activity 및 광화결정형성을 감소시켰다. 이러한 연구 결과는 NFATc1이 치주 재생을 위한 골모세포 분화에 중요한 조절자 역할을 할 수 있을 것으로 생각된다.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제17권7호
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• pp.97-106
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• 2012

모바일 장치에서의바이오신호데이터의 관리는 용량이많은 실시간멀티미디어 데이터의전송이나 저장 장치에서 많은 문제점을야기시킨다. 따라서 본 논문은신속한 의료 서비스를 제공하기 위해서 모바일을 이용한 임상 데이터 처리 시스템인 m-Health 시스템을 제안한다. 이 시스템은 지역의 IP 네트워크 상의 헬스 시스템을 구축하여 원격의 여러 바이오 센싱으로 부터 출력을 조합하고, 다양한 바이오 센서에서의 전자적인 데이터 통합 처리를 수행하였다. m-Health 시스템은 다양한 바이오신호들을 측정 및 모니터링하고 원거리에 위치한 병원의 데이터 서버로 전송한다. 환자 및 가족, 의료진 모두가 언제 어디서나 사용할 수 있는 안드로이드 기반의 모바일 애플리케이션으로 의료 관련자는 병원의 데이터 서버에서 환자 데이터를 접근하여 환자 또는 사용자에게 의료 진단 및 처방을 피드백 한다. 그리고 환자 관찰을 위한 비디오 스트림은 스케일러블 트랜스코딩 기법을 이용하여 네트워크 트래픽에 알맞은 데이터 크기를 결정하고 비디오 스트림을 전송함으로서 모바일 시스템과 네트워크의 부하를 줄일 수 있다.