• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.41 no.6
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• pp.387-390
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• 2007

Objective : To determine the presentation, incidence, and risk factors of seizures in patients treated for brain tumors. Methods : One hundred patients who consecutively underwent a craniotomy for the treatment of supratentorial brain tumors were assessed. The pathologies of the patients enrolled in the study included glioma [n=56], meningioma [n=31], metastatic brain tumor [n=7], primary central nervous system lymphoma [n=4], and central neurocytoma [n=2]. Anti-epileptic drugs [AEDs] were administered to all patients for up to six months after the surgery. Pre-defined variables for outcome analysis included tumor grade and location, extent of tumor resection, number of seizures, age at tumor diagnosis, adjuvant therapy, medication and radiological abnormalities. Results : Thirty patients [30%] presented at least a single episode of seizure at the time of admission. Five of these patients [16.7%] developed the seizure during the follow-up period. Newly developed seizure was noticed in six out of seventy patients [8.6%] without prior seizure. Histopathology was malignant gliomas in 10 and supratentorial meningioma in one. Early seizure developed only in two patients. Conclusion : Compared with patients without seizure, patients with seizure at the time of admission showed younger age [p=0.003], a higher portion of low-grade glioma [p=0.001], tumor location in the frontal and temporal lobes [p=0.003] and cortical involvement [p=0.017]. Our study suggestes that tumor progression is considered a significant risk factor for seizure development in glioma patients.

• Resources Recycling
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.30-44
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• 2011

This review describes the involvement of different microorganisms for the recovery of uranium from the ore. Mainly Acidithiobacillus forrooxidans, Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans and Leptospirillum ferrooxidans are found to be the most widely used bacteria in the bioleaching process of uranium. The bioleaching of uranium generally follows indirect mechanism in which bacteria provide the ferric iron required to oxidize $U^{4+}$. Commercial applications of bioleaching have been incorporated for extracting valuable metals, due to its favorable process economics and reduced environmental problems compared to conventional metal recovery processes such as smelting. At present the uranium is recovered through main bioleaching techniques employed by heap, dump and in situ leaching. Process development has included recognition of the importance of aeration of bioheaps, and improvements in stirred tank reactor design and operation. Concurrently, knowledge of the key microorganisms involved in these processes has advanced, aided by advances in molecular biology to characterize microbial populations.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.26 no.8
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• pp.631-637
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• 2003

Chloroquine has been used for many decades in the prophylaxis and treatment of malaria. It is metabolized in humans through the N-dealkylation pathway, to desethylchloroquine (DCQ) and bisdesethylchloroquine (BDCQ), by cytochrome P450 (CYP). However, until recently, no data are available on the metabolic pathway of chloroquine. Therefore, the metabolic pathway of chloroquine was evaluated using human liver microsomes and cDNA-expressed CYPs. Chloroquine is mainly metabolized to DCQ, and its Eadie-Hofstee plots were biphasic, indicating the involvement of multiple enzymes, with apparent $K_m and V_{max}$ values of 0.21 mM and 1.02 nmol/min/mg protein 3.43 mM and 10.47 nmol/min/mg protein for high and low affinity components, respectively. Of the cDNA-expressing CYPs examined, CYP1A2, 2C8, 2C19, 2D6 and 3A4/5 exhibited significant DCQ formation. A study using chemical inhibitors showed only quercetin (a CYP2C8 inhibitor) and ketoconazole (a CYP3A4/5 inhibitor) inhibited the DCQ formation. In addition, the DCQ formation significantly correlated with the CYP3A4/5-catalyzed midazolam 1-hydroxylation (r=0.868) and CYP2C8-catalyzed paclitaxel 6$\alpha$-hydroxylation (r = 0.900). In conclusion, the results of the present study demonstrated that CYP2C8 and CYP3A4/5 are the major enzymes responsible for the chloroquine N-deethylation to DCQ in human liver microsomes.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.516-527
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• 2012

This study analyzed the programs offered in the youth center located in Gyeongsangnam-do Province in accordance with the domains for creative activity. The creative activity, introduced through the 2009 revised national curriculum, puts an emphasis on the experiential activities to enhance the creativity of students. The creativity activity needs to be operated as intended in order to ensure that the students can grow into adults, who have creativity and good personality, by amassing a variety of experiences. For that, various human resources and physical resources of communities need to be utilized efficiently. Thus, this study explored the measures to achieve the original objectives of creativity activity by analyzing the programs - offered by the youth centers in Gyeongsangnam-do Province - based on the scope of creativity activity. The followings are the results of the analysis of 177 programs offered in 12 organizations that came under the three categories (training facilities operated directly by the Education Office, public training centers, culture center) of the youth centers located in Gyeongsangnam-do Province. Autonomous activity' comprised the highest proportion in the youth center programs of the three categories, followed by club activity. The programs associated with the 'career activity' - which most students have the highest expectations in relation to the creativity activity - comprised relatively low proportion. In conclusion, the programs offered by the youth centers in communities need to become more diversified in order to achieve the intended results of creative activity. In addition, the programs associated with the 'career activity', which student prefer the most, need to be operated in a more diversified manner with greater emphasis. Furthermore, the measures should be explored which may increase the involvement of youth education experts of community in the operations of creativity activity.

• Journal of the Korean society of biological therapies in psychiatry
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.163-172
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• 2018

Objectives : The aim of this study was to examine associations between quality of life in patients with schizophrenia and their family relationships. Methods : A total of 68 patients with schizophrenia participated in the study. Socio-demographic and clinical data were collected, as well as results from the Subjective Well-being under Neuroleptic Treatment Scale-Short Form(SWN-K), Family Emotional Involvement and Criticism Scale(FEICS), a visual analogue scale for evaluating the degree of perceived criticism(VAS), the Family Adaptability and Cohesion Evaluation Scale(FACES), Beck Cognitive Insight Scale(BCIS), and Rosenberg Self Esteem Scale(R-SES). Psychiatrists administered the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale and the Calgary Depression Scale for Schizophrenia(CDSS), and collected a history of previous suicide attempts. Results : The SWN-K total scores showed significant negative correlations with scores on the FEICS perceived criticism, CDSS, and VAS measures and significant positive correlations with scores on the R-SES, FACES, and BCIS. Multiple regression analysis revealed that FEICS perceived criticism, FACES, and BCIS scores were significantly associated with SWN-K scores. The FACES total score was significantly lower in patients with a history of previous suicide attempt. Conclusion : The quality of life of patients with schizophrenia was negatively associated with greater perceived familial criticism and positively associated with better family cohesion and higher patient insight. In patients with a history of suicide attempts, family adaptability and cohesion were significantly low.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.17 no.9
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• pp.407-420
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to explore the possibility of measuring advertising effectiveness through the ad evaluation text. The 384 university students were asked to evaluate the positive and negative evaluation ads of high and low involvement products by self-report method and to write ad evaluation text online. The written ad evaluation text were analyzed by KLIWC and to examine the difference between the comment of positive and negative advertising. The results of the analysis are as follows. First, there were differences between positive and negative ads in 17 psychosocial variables. Second, there were differences between positive and negative ads in 9 linguistic variables. Third, there was a significant correlation between KLIWC variables(Positive & negative emotions, inhibition, conviction, physical condition & function and sleep/dreams) and advertising effect variables. This study suggests that the advertising evaluation comment reflects the consumer's psychological reaction to advertising and the possibility of measuring the advertising effectiveness using advertising evaluation text.

• BLOOD RESEARCH
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• v.53 no.4
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• pp.307-313
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• 2018

Background Primary ocular adnexal extranodal marginal zone lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (POML) is the most common subtype of lymphoma involving the eyes in Thailand. We sought to assess the characteristics and treatment outcomes of patients with POML in Thailand. Methods We retrospectively reviewed patient data and included patients diagnosed with POML between January 2004 and December 2016 at Chiang Mai University Hospital and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thailand. We collected and analyzed patients' clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes. Results Among 146 patients with lymphoma involving the eyes, 121 (82%) were diagnosed with POML. Sixty-four (52.9%) were women with median age 58 (range, 22-86) years. The most common presenting symptom was orbital mass (71.1%). Common sites of origin were the orbit (46.3%) and lacrimal gland (34.7%). At presentation, 22.3% of patients had bilateral eye involvement. About half of patients had stage I disease (N=59, 56.2%) and 20% had stage IV. Most patients (73.3%) had a low-risk International Prognostic Index. Radiotherapy was the main treatment for patients with limited-stage disease (66.7% in stage I and 56.5% in stage II). The overall response rate was 100% with complete response rates 80%, 77.3%, and 64.7% for stages I, II, and IV, respectively. Five-year progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival were 66.1% and 94.0%, respectively. For patients with limited-stage disease, radiotherapy significantly improved PFS compared with treatment not involving radiotherapy (5-year PFS 89.9% vs. 37.3%, P=0.01). Conclusion We revealed that POML has good response to treatment, especially radiotherapy, with excellent long-term outcome.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.84 no.1
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• pp.74-83
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• 2021

Background: This study compared the treatment outcomes of patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) before and after the implementation of public-private mix (PPM). Factors affecting treatment success were also investigated. Methods: Data from culture-confirmed pulmonary MDR-TB patients who commenced MDR-TB treatment at Pusan National University Hospital between January 2003 and December 2017 were retrospectively reviewed. Patients were divided into two groups in terms of PPM status: pre-PPM period, patients who commenced MDR-TB treatment between 2003 and 2010; and post-PPM period, patients treated between 2011 and 2017. Results: A total of 176 patients were included (64 and 112 in the pre- and post-PPM periods, respectively). 36.9% of the patients were resistant to a fluoroquinolone or a second-line injectable drug, or both. The overall treatment success rate was 72.7%. The success rate of post-PPM patients was higher than that of pre-PPM patients (79.5% vs. 60.9%, p=0.008). Also, loss to follow-up was lower in the post-PPM period (5.4% vs. 15.6%, p=0.023). In multivariate regression analysis, age ≥65 years, body mass index ≤18.5 kg/m², previous TB treatment, bilateral lung involvement, and extensively drug-resistant (XDR)- or pre-XDR-TB were associated with poorer treatment outcomes. However, the use of bedaquiline or delamanid for ≥1 month increased the treatment success. Conclusion: The treatment success rate in MDR-TB patients was higher in the post-PPM period than in the pre-PPM period, particularly because of the low rate of loss to follow-up. To ensure comprehensive patient-centered PPM in South Korea, investment and other support must be adequate.

• 한국노년학
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.913-926
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to review Saeromaji Plan 2015 (the Second Basic Plan for the Low Fertility and Aging Society) with the framework of WHO's (2007) guidelines for building age-friendly cities and to provide suggestions for improvements in planning for the aging society. The contents of the Plan pertaining to the aging society sections were reviewed by two independent researchers to examine the extent to which the Plan fulfilled 169 checklists across 8 themes proposed by WHO. The results indicate that all 8 themes were partially reflected in the Plan. Suggested improvements for planning for the aging society include taking an inclusive approach to bring generations together, providing more options for older adults, and including more active involvement of the private sector in planning.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.527-536
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• 2022

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: South Korea is representative of countries experiencing rapid societal aging. This study aimed to understand the current status of foodservice nutrition management provided to welfare facilities for the elderly and to understand improvements after support from "the Center for Social Welfare Foodservice Management (CSWFM)" in Cheongju City. SUBJECTS/METHODS: The status of foodservice nutrition management was assessed by dietitians and hired by the CSWFM, who visited 40 welfare facilities (registered members of the CSWFM) for the elderly in Cheongju City. After visiting each facility three times from July to December 2019, the results of inspections on four areas, that is, 'menu', 'meal provision', 'cooking', and 'distribution' management for 2nd and 3rd visits (support visits) were compared with results obtained at initial visits. RESULTS: Before support as determined during 1st visits, compliance rates with 'menu', 'meal provision', 'cooking', and 'distribution' requirements were 72.1%, 75.5%, 58.3%, and 77.5%, respectively. The mean compliance rate for all 15 items on the questionnaire used was 70.8%. Items with low compliance rates were 'Is the soup provided by foodservice at the recommended salinity?' (compliance rate 37.5%) and 'Is the foodservice cooking conducted by referring to a recipe?' (42.5%). At the two support visits, mean compliance rates increased significantly (P < 0.01, P < 0.001), mean total score had significantly increased from 71.80 to 90.26 (P < 0.001), and mean soup salinity decreased significantly from 0.82% at 1st visits to 0.68% (P < 0.001) and 0.56% (P < 0.001) at the 1st and second follow-up visits. CONCLUSIONS: These results show that the status of nutrition management at welfare facilities for the elderly was much improved by CSWFM involvement, and indicate the CSWFM should continuously provide nutrition management support to facilities and that finances and opportunities for more welfare facilities for the elderly be expanded.