• 한국항해항만학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국항해항만학회 2000년도 추계학술대회논문집
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• pp.124-128
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• 2000

The high Tc phase disappeared and low Tc phase increased in the substitution of transistion elements for Bi ions. The high Tc phase decreased in the substitution of Si and Sn for Bi ions. The high Tc phase increased in the substitution of Sb, As and P Which Were the same group of Bi for Bi ions. The substitution of P ions was the most effective and then the high Tc phase was formed in large quantity by replacing Bi ions with 30%of P ions.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2000년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.124-128
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• 2000

The high Tc phase disappeared and low Tc phase increased in the substitution of transition elements for Bi ions. The high Tc phase decreased in the substitution of Si and Sn for Bi ions. The high Tc phase increased in the substitution of Sb, As and P which were the same group of Bi for Bi ions. The substitution of P ions was the most effective and then the high Tc phase was formed in large quantity by replacing Bi ions with 30% of P ions.

• Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Materials
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.158-160
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• 2004

BiSrCaCuO thick films were fabricated by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition, and the crystallinity and the superconducting properties were investigated. The superconductivity was achieved at 20 K with an onset temperature of around 90 K in the film prepared at 72$0^{\circ}C$. From X ray diffraction analysis, the main superconducting phase in the films was the low Tc phase at 700∼75$0^{\circ}C$ and the high Tc phase at 750 ∼ 80$0^{\circ}C$.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 1991년도 추계학술대회 논문집 학회본부
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• pp.269-273
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• 1991

High Tc oxide superconductor with a Tc above 100 K has been successfully prepared by solid state reaction method in added-Pb BiSrCaCuO system. As compared with 123 compound, the formation reaction of the high Tc requires long time heat treatment. It is due to the transformation from the low Tc phase to high Tc phase. The sintering just below the melting point of the calcined powder mixture is effective on the formation of the high Tc phase in BiSrCaCuO system to be added with Pb. The growth of the high Tc superconducting phase has a thin plate shape, which is characterized by the c parameter of 37${\AA}$. The formation kinetics is also investigated in the samples with different Bi/Pb ratio and the 30% Pb addition is most preferable for the formation of the high Tc phase. The formation of the high Tc phases is delayed by the excessive addition of Pb. The lattice parameter(c) of the unit cell(both the low and high Tc phases) is increased with increase of Pb.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 1988년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.98-101
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• 1988

The material system (Bi$\sub$0.7/Pb$\sub$0.3/)Sr$_1$Ca$_1$Cu$\sub$1.8/Ox forms, at 845$^{\circ}C$, two major phases having a high Tc(100K) and a low Tc(∼70K) both of which consists of platelets and a non-superconducting minor phase which has rod-like shape and isolated by the major phases. As the sintering period increases, the amount of high Tc phase increases accompanying the decrease in low Tc phase while the amount of the non-superconducting phase is sintering period independent, resulting in a superconductor with Tc of 100K. Changes in compositions of each phase also occur during sintering due to evaporation of bismuth and lead.

• KIEE International Transactions on Electrophysics and Applications
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• 제5C권5호
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• pp.217-220
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• 2005

We have fabricated a superconducting YBCO system according to the pyrolysis method and low pressure apparatus. In our experiment, the X-ray diffraction pattern of the non doped YBaCuO layer indicated that the superconductor contained only 90K phase crystal. The critical temperature and critical current density for a thick layer at $650^{\circ}C$ were Tc=90 K and $Jc=6{\times}10^{4}A/cm^2$ at 90K. In low pressure apparatus, the 90 K phase YBaCuO was grown at a lower temperature compared with the normal system. Tc and Jc at $650^{\circ}C$ were Tc = 90 K and $Jc=6{\times}10^{4}A/cm^2$ at 90K.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.71-76
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• 1991

The superconducting powders in $YBa_2Cu_3O_{7-x}$ and Bi-Pb-Sr-Ca-Cu-O system were easily prepared from water in oil type emulsion by loading each cation into the aqueous phase. In $YBa_2Cu_3O_{7-x}$ system, the superconducting orthorhombic phase was formed by calcining at $750^{\circ}C$ for 10h in $O_2$. The size of the superconducting phase powders was submicron. The density of the sintered specimen using this powders was about 95% of the theoretical density and the resistance sharply decreases at about 90K, In Bi-Pb-Sr-Ca-Cu-O system the low Tc phase($(Bi, Pb)_2Sr_2Ca_1Cu_2O_y$) was formed by calcining at $800^{\circ}C$ for 10h in a low oxygen partial pressure of 1/20 atm The shape of clacined powder is thin plate of which size is about $2\mu\textrm{m}$ and thickness is smaller than $\mu\textrm{m}$. It was observed that the high Tc phase ($(Bi, Pb)_2Sr_2Ca_2Cu_3O_y$) was formed by sintering at $850^{\circ}C$ for 30h in oxygen pressure of 1/20 atm without intermediary grinding. The above sintered sample exhibited superconductivity with a Tc(zero)=105K.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 1990년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.26-30
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• 1990

Bi$\_$0.7/Pb$\_$0.3/Sr$_1$Ca$_1$Cu$\_$1.8/Ox thick films were screen printed on magnesia(MgO), silver and yttrium stabilized zirconia (YSZ) substrates and were sintered in a boat with cover to prevent the evaporation. The high-Tc phase increase and the low-Tc phase and Ca$_2$PbO$_4$ decrease with an increase in sintering temperature from 835$^{\circ}C$ to 860$^{\circ}C$. YSZ substrate interact strongly with the oxide resulting in poor superconductor, while the Ag and MgO substrates were satisfactory to make screen printed superconductors. The Bi$\_$0.7/Pb$\_$0.3/Sr$_1$Ca$_1$Cu$\_$1.8/Ox thick films screen printed both on Ag and MgO substrates show high Tc phase of ~85% and Tc of 96K.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.528-536
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• 2011

In this paper, we analyze the location accuracy of real-time locating systems (RTLSs) in multipath environments in which the RTLSs comply with the ISO/IEC 24730-2 international standard. To analyze the location error of RTLS in multipath environments, we consider a direct path and indirect path, in which time and phase are delayed, and also white Gaussian noise is added. The location error depends strongly on both the noise level and phase difference under a low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) regime, but only on the noise level under a high SNR regime. The phase difference effect can be minimized by matching it to the time delay difference at a ratio of 180 degrees per 1 chip time delay (Tc). At a relatively high SNR of 10 dB, a location error of less than 3 m is expected at any phase and time delay value of an indirect signal. At a low SNR regime, the location error range increases to 8.1 m at a 0.5 Tc, and to 7.3 m at a 1.5 Tc. However, if the correlation energy is accumulated for an 8-bit period, the location error can be reduced to 3.9 m and 2.5 m, respectively.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 1989년도 추계학술대회 논문집 학회본부
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• pp.119-121
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• 1989

The properties of Pb-doped Bi-Sr-Ca-Cu-O Super-conductors prepared by solidstate reaction have been studied. Zero resistance was attained at l03K for the sample sintered 845[$^{\circ}C$]for 264hours and it was depended upon sintering conditions. From XRD data low Tc phase and high Tc phase were observed and the volume fraction of high Tc phase increased with increase in sintering period. The grain size increased with increase in sintering temperature and time.