• KSBB Journal
• /
• v.19 no.1
• /
• pp.83-87
• /
• 2004

This research was designed to investigate the effects of Estromon including FGF271 (Female Growth Factor 271) which was developed as a phytoestrogen for post- and pre-menopausal syndrome (PMS). The oral administration of two capsules of Estromon twice a day for 3 months significantly improved PMS (Post-/Premenopausal Syndrome) about 5 times more than placebo group (OR=5.04, 95% C.1. 1.40-18.14). In the group of 24 patients having taken Estromon, the concentration of alkaline phosphatase asn the bone marker decreased by -9.3${\pm}$9.5 IU/L after 3 months with a statistic significance. Since the concentration of osteocalcin as the other bone marker also decreased in more patients in Estromon group than in placebo group, the bone density might be expected to be improved in long-term treatment. Serum human growth hormone level increased in 17 out of 24 patients. Triglycerides decreased by -8.0${\pm}$40 (mg%) after 1 month and by -4.4${\pm}$36 (mg%) after 3 months in Estomon group while triglycerides increased in both cases in placebo group (p.0.01). Therefore, PMS patients might benefit from Estromon as a phytoestrogen supplement without any serious side effects.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
• /
• v.11 no.1
• /
• pp.55-62
• /
• 1994

The use of intraoperative application of Mitomycin C at the filtration site has been known to improve the surgical outcome in glaucomatous eyes with high risk for failure of trabeculectomy. The author performed trabeculectomies with intraoperative Mitomycin C on 25 eyes of 20 patients with poor surgical prognosis to study the efficacy and safety of this technique in glaucomatous patients with high risk for failure of trabeculectomy. After the preparation of a scleral flap, 0.2mg/ml solution of Mitomycin C was applied between Tenon's capsule and the sclera for 2 minutes. The exposed area was then irrigated with 200 ml of balanced salt solution. The follow-up period was from 1 to 7 months (mean 3.8 months). The mean preoperative intraocular pressure (IOP) was $38.6{\pm}6.6mmHg$. The mean final postoperative IOP was $11.7{\pm}3.8mmHg$. Twenty three (88%) of the 25 eyes were successfully controlled with the IOP of less than or equal to 20 mmHg without glaucoma medication. There were early postoperative complications of hyphema in 5 eyes (20%), shallow anterior chamber in 4 eyes(16%), punctate keratopathy in 3 eyes (12%), aqueous leaking from conjunctival wound in 2 eyes (8%), encapsulated bleb in 1 eye (4%) and choroidal detachment in 1 eye (4%), and 4 eyes had long term hypotony lasting more than 2 months. Although Mitomycin C is simple to use and effective adjunct to trabeculectomy, further study will be needed to determine the mechanism of action, indication, dosage and optimal exposure time of Mitomycin C.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
• /
• v.36 no.3
• /
• pp.341-348
• /
• 2016

Harbor facilities require long-term durability and safety, and also maintain the performance requirement until the durability life. However, existing harbor facilities are becoming superannuated with durable years and durability is declined by erosion of the sea and damage from sea. In addition, harbor facilities will be in demand for the expansion of harbor and offshore structures with rising economic power by enhancement of domestic industry and increase of import and export. Therefore, in this study, two kinds of nondestructive test (NDT) techniques (schmidt rebound hammer and ultrasonic sensor) are verified for the effective maintenance of underwater concrete structures including harbor facilities. Sea field applicability of Schmidt hammer and ultrasonic sensor was verified by comparing field test result with sea field test result and also deduced the compressive strength estimation equation by depth of the water. On the basis of the sea field test result, compressive strength estimation equation which was deduced by multiple regression analysis indicated highest accuracy compared to other equations, especially it will be more likely to be used in underwater because of the depth of water correction. In the future, if schmidt hammer and ultrasonic sensor which were invented as waterproofing are used with ROV (Remotely Operated Vehicle), it will be possible to make a diagnosis of high reliability for underwater concrete structures and set up a ubiquitous concept of NDT system.

• The Journal of Churna Manual Medicine for Spine and Nerves
• /
• v.10 no.1
• /
• pp.117-127
• /
• 2015

Objectives : Most of pains are important symptoms caused by cancer transpered to spine. Harpagophyti Radix Pharmacopuncture is highly effective in reducing fever, pain, inflammation but was never used to reduce pain from cancer transpered to spine. So I intended to use Harpagophyti Radix Pharmacopuncture to control pain. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the clinical application of Harpagophyti Radix Pharmacopuncture for Bone Metastasis of Breast Cancer and Spinal Stenosis. Methods : We examined patient with Bone Metastasis of Breast Cancer and Spinal Stenosis who admitted Jaseng Korean Medicine Hospital. The patient was treated by Korean Medicine treatment and Harpagophyti Radix Pharmacopuncture. This case was assessed by Numerical Rating Scale(NRS), Oswestry Low Back Pain Disability Index(ODI), Short-Form 36 Health Survey(SF-36), ROM(Range of Movement) and Special Test. Results : In this study, the patient's pain was controlled and NRS, ODI were decreased. I could identify the improvement in life quality from the positive change of SF-36 and also found out that treatment was successful from the improvement of ROM, Special test. Conclusions : Harpagophyti Radix Pharmacopuncture with Korean Medicine treatment for Bone Metastasis of Breast Cancer and Spinal Stenosis was proved to be useful to the pain relief and function recovery, but further research should take place for clear understanding of the exact amount of dosage and safety. Moreover it must be accompanied by long term follow up research.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
• /
• v.38 no.12
• /
• pp.1415-1420
• /
• 2014

Super-critical $CO_2$ ($S-CO_2$) Brayton cycle has been considered to replace the current steam Rankine cycle in Sodium-cooled Fast Reactor (SFR) in order to improve the inherent safety and thermal efficiency. Several austenitic alloys are considered as the structural materials for high temperature $S-CO_2$ environment.. Microstructural change after long-term exposure to high temperature $S-CO_2$ environment could affect to the mechanical properties. In this study, candidate materials (austenitic stainless steels and Alloy 800HT) were exposed to $S-CO_2$ to assess oxidation resistance and the change in tensile properties. Loss of ductility was observed for some austenitic stainless steels even after 250 h exposure. The contribution of $S-CO_2$ environment on such changes was analyzed based on the characterization of the surface oxide and carburization of the materials in which 316H and 800H showed different oxidation behaviors.

• Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
• /
• v.22 no.5
• /
• pp.485-500
• /
• 2020

Due to various advantages such as small facilities, ease of construction and so on, the grouting technology which is widely used in construction field has developed remarkably compared with the past. However, the efforts to improve the homogeneity of quality, long-term durability and environmental problems have been continued. In recent years, new grouting method has been developed in order to solve problems such as low strength, durability and leaching phenomenon of liquid glass (sodium silicate) grouting material in Korea. A newly developed method integrates the injection material with the ground by the self-healing material of crystallization growth type. For this reason, it is known that improvement of the durability and water quality of the ground, prevention of leaching, and environment friendliness can be expected. The present study applied a newly developed method to test sites and verified its effect such as injection range, improvement effect, waterproofing performance and so on. Standard penetration test, field permeability test, borehole shear test, pressuremeter test and pH test were conducted, and the results were compared between before and after developed method application. As results of tests, the field applicability and improvement effect of developed method were proved to be excellent.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.21 no.9
• /
• pp.64-72
• /
• 2020

DELAY M9 is an ammunition used in combination with the fuse M904 and M905 of aviation drop-off ammunitions. Due to the properties of the ammunition, the performance or safety of the ammunition cannot be verified until it is used, because of its one-time function, no reproduction and is finally destroyed at the same time. Long-term storage of ammunition in use by the army is inevitable due to its operational characteristics, and a test evaluation is required to maintain and verify the performance of stored ammunition for immediate use in case of emergency. This paper estimates the reliability and shelf life of the DELAY M9 ammunition by using the test data obtained through ASRP performed from the past to the present. The result of the performance evaluation test for the currently stored DELAY M9 ammunition is analyzed, and the reliability and shelf-life of the stored ammunition are assessed by examining the number of defects according to the storage time and production year. This research result can be used to manage the stored ammunition, such as ASRP planning and evaluation test, result analysis and munition state decision.

• Korean Security Journal
• /
• no.51
• /
• pp.153-170
• /
• 2017

The purpose of this study is to rediscover the operation of anti-terrorism system focusing on the system approach and crisis management approach for counter terrorism in Korea. According to the results of this study, it is required to establish a link between open systems and integrative system focusing on functional linkage of counter-terrorism systems, and cooperative measures with private sectors in the dimension of governance activation. Further, it is necessary to prepare legal foundations for the cooperation with private sectors and then promote open consciousness transformation through the partnership with private security for anti-terrorism activities. In addition, in its preventive stage, it is required to prepare legal systems related to biochemical terrorism for stronger regulations through crisis-managerial approach. Next, in its preparatory stage, it is necessary to prepare education and enact named Terror Prevention Day for increasing terror safety consciousness, and then extend citizen reporting reward systems to enable citizens to participate and become interested voluntarily in terror prevention. Also, it is essential to establish the substantial training system for preparing for terror occurrence. Moreover, in its response stage, it is urgent to construct networks between related institutions to manage field and spot responses with integrative management systems through information sharing. Furthermore, in its restoration stage, it is indispensible to prepare long-term management systems for injured persons and families of the deceased from terror incidents.

• Proceedings of the Korean Radioactive Waste Society Conference
• /
• 2009.06a
• /
• pp.187-187
• /
• 2009

Opening of fractures induced by shear dilation or normal deformation can be a significant source of fracture permeability change in fractured rock, which is important for the performance assessment of geological repositories for spent nuclear fuel. As the repository generates heat and later cools the fluid-carrying ability of the rocks becomes a dynamic variable during the lifespan of the repository. Heating causes expansion of the rock close to the repository and, at the same time, contraction close to the surface. During the cooling phase of the repository, the opposite takes place. Heating and cooling together with the, virgin stress can induce shear dilation of fractures and deformation zones and change the flow field around the repository. The objectives of this work are to examine the contribution of thermal stress to the shear slip of fracture in mid- and far-field around a KBS-3 type of repository and to investigate the effect of evolution of stress on the rock mass permeability. In the first part of this study, zones of fracture shear slip were examined by conducting a three-dimensional, thermo-mechanical analysis of a spent fuel repository model in the size of 2 km $\times$ 2 km $\times$ 800 m. Stress evolutions of importance for fracture shear slip are: (1) comparatively high horizontal compressive thermal stress at the repository level, (2) generation of vertical tensile thermal stress right above the repository, (3) horizontal tensile stress near the surface, which can induce tensile failure, and generation of shear stresses at the comers of the repository. In the second part of the study, fracture data from Forsmark, Sweden is used to establish fracture network models (DFN). Stress paths obtained from the thermo-mechanical analysis were used as boundary conditions in DFN-DEM (Discrete Element Method) analysis of six DFN models at the repository level. Increases of permeability up to a factor of four were observed during thermal loading history and shear dilation of fractures was not recovered after cooling of the repository. An understanding of the stress path and potential areas of slip induced shear dilation and related permeability changes during the lifetime of a repository for spent nuclear fuel is of utmost importance for analysing long-term safety. The result of this study will assist in identifying critical areas around a repository where fracture shear slip is likely to develop. The presentation also includes a brief introduction to the ongoing site investigation on two candidate sites for geological repository in Sweden.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
• /
• v.40 no.10
• /
• pp.691-695
• /
• 2007

Background: The introduction of central venous catheters in 1979 has aided the administration of chemotherapy to oncologic patients. We analyzed the clinical reviews and complications of totally implantable venous catheters in an effort to achieve optimal management. Material and Method: We retrospectively studied 100 cases with totally implantable venous catheter at our hospital and we report the results. Result: 100 totally implantable venous catheters were placed in the right subclavian vein in 74 cases (74%), the left subclavian vein in 21 cases, the right jugular vein in 3 cases, the left jugular vein in 1 case and the right femoral vein in 1 case. The immediate complications were 5 cases in malposition of the catheter and 5 cases of arterial puncture. The late complications were 1 case of subclavian vein thrombosis, which was treated with anticoagulation, and 2 cases of pinch-of syndrome. There were no other early or late complications. Conclusion: The low rate of complications in this study confirms the safety and convenience of using totally implantable venous catheter in patients undergoing prolonged chemotherapy. Yet because Infection, thrombosis, and catheter fracture are the most common long term complications of totally implantable venous catheters, early diagnosis and management of these problems can prevent severe complications.