• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
• /
• v.45 no.3
• /
• pp.459-468
• /
• 2015

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of Wheel of Wellness counseling on wellness lifestyle, depression, and health-related quality of life in community dwelling elderly people. Methods: A parallel, randomized controlled, open label, trial was conducted. Ninety-three elderly people in a senior welfare center were randomly assigned to two groups: 1) A Wheel of Wellness counseling intervention group (n=49) and 2) a no-treatment control group (n=44). Wheel of Wellness counseling consisted of structured, individual counseling based on the Wheel of Wellness model and provided once a week for four weeks. Wellness lifestyle, depression, and health-related quality of life were assessed pre-and post-test in both groups. Results: Data from 89 participants were analyzed. For participants in the experimental group, there was a significant improvement on all of the wellness-lifestyle subtasks except realistic beliefs. Perceived wellness and depression significantly improved after the in the experimental group (n=43) compared to the control group (n=46) from pre- to post-test in the areas of sense of control (p =.033), nutrition (p =.017), exercise (p =.039), self-care (p <.001), stress management (p =.017), work (p =.011), perceived wellness (p =.019), and depression (p =.031). One participant in the intervention group discontinued the intervention due to hospitalization and three in the control group discontinued the sessions. Conclusions: Wheel of Wellness counseling was beneficial in enhancing wellness for the community-dwelling elderly people. Research into long-term effects of the intervention and health outcomes is recommended.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
• /
• v.28 no.4
• /
• pp.397-409
• /
• 2017

Purpose: Competency is a key foundation of the nursing education curriculum and a baseline element of nursing practice. The purpose of this study was to explore the competencies of community health nurses in a maternal early childhood sustained home-visiting program based on nurses' field experiences. Methods: The participants were 21 nurses who had more than 1 year of experience in this program. Reflective interviews were performed; lasting 1 hour per nurse, on August 18, 2016, and the collected data were analyzed using qualitative directed content analysis. Results: Twenty-four themes were extracted for 9 competencies. The major themes included implementing a long-term relationship-based approach, providing client-led service rather than expert-led service, helping mothers with psychosocial difficulties, and applying skills in a practical manner in the home environment. Conclusion: In order to develop a home-visiting program as part of maternal-early childhood nursing practice, nurses should develop competencies that help them make significant and positive interventions. Results indicate that the curriculum for community health nurses should be changed to improve competencies in building relationships with clients and to focus on the application of skills in specific cases and in clinical practice.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
• /
• v.27 no.11
• /
• pp.902-906
• /
• 1994

Between May 1991 and August 1993, 16 patients underwent repair of complete atrioventricular septal defect without another major anomaly at Cardiovascular Center,Yonsei University College of Medicine. Ages of the patients ranged from 3 months to 38 years with a mean of 42 months. Among 16, 10 patients[63%] are associated with Down`s syndrome. All patients underwent primary repair except and one who received had been repaire of coactation of aorta and patent ductus arteriosus 2 month before. Preoperative mitral valve regurgitation [MR] was evaluated with Doppler echocardiography and angiography which revealed absent or grade I in 1, grade II in 8, grade III in 4, and grade IV in 3. Operative technique was performed under the moderate hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass with crystalloid cardioplegia. Intraoperative echocardiography was performed epicardial approach [n=7] in the operative table or transthoracic approach [n=9] at intensive care unit. In all patients except 3, MR were improved. But in 3 patients, was not improved or exagerated comparing preoperative one. All of them were died.One patient was showed MR grade IV in intraoperative echocardiography, we re-repaired atriventricular valve with cardiopulmonary bypass. During follow-up period [at a mean of 11 months after repair], doppler echocardiography was performed in all patients. The follow up echocardiography revealed that the degree of MR in immediate postoperative period was not changed except in two patients in whom it was aggravated. Thus it seems that intraoperative and early postoperative echocardiography was employed important role of survival and can be predictable for long term results.

• Asian Oncology Nursing
• /
• v.8 no.1
• /
• pp.50-60
• /
• 2008

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare Quality of life (QOL) in type and time after Hematopoietic stem cell tansplantation (HSCT) for patients with hematologic cancer. Method: This study was cross-sectional. The autologous recipients was 120, the allogeneic recipients was 237. The obtained data were analyzed using T-test, One-way ANOVA, Scheffe's test. Results: No significant differences were total QOL between the autologous and allogeneic recipients. But the autologous recipients reported better status than the allogeneic recipients in physical domain, especially 1-3 yr after HSCT. There was poorer QOL of 1-3 yr compared to 1 yr after HSCT in physical, psychological and social domain between the two groups. QOL in time after HSCT of the autologous recipients was significance differences in psychological, social domain. And QOL in time after HSCT of the allogeneic recipients was significant differences in physical, psychological and social domain. Conclusions: QOL of recipients undergoing HSCT is recovered beyond 3 yr point. Accordingly, long term care and service is essential to recipients undergoing HSCT. And further studies with a longitudinal design are necessary.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
• /
• v.48 no.5
• /
• pp.461-468
• /
• 2005

The major function of immune system is to protect infections. The immune systems are composed of innate and adaptive immunity. In adaptive immunity, the cellular and humoral components interact each other. Neonates and infants are infected frequently, because immune systems are naive and easy to expose to infectious agents. The complete history and physical examination is essential to evaluate the child with recurrent infections. The environmental risk factors of recurrent infections are day care center, cigarette smoke, and air pollution. The underlying diseases such as immunodeficiency, autoimmune diseases, allergy, and disorders of anatomy or physiology increase the susceptibility to infections. In immunodeficiency, infections are characterized by severe, chronic, recurrent, and unusual microbial agents infection. The defects of antibody production are susceptible to sinopulmonary bacterial infections. T cells defects are vulerable to numerous organisms such as virus, fungi, bacteria and etc. The screening tests for immune functions are the quantitative and qualitative measurements of each immune components. A complete blood count with white blood cell, differential, and platelet provide quantitative informations of immune components. Total complement and immunoglobulin levels represent the humoral component. Antibody levels of previously injected vaccines also provide informations of the antigen specific antibody immune responses. T cell and subsets count is quantitative measurement of cell mediated immunity. Delayed hypersensitivity skin test is a crude measurement of T cell function. The long term outcome of children with recurrent infections is completely dependent on the underlying diseases, the initial time of diagnosis and therapy, continued management, and genetic counscelling.

• The Journal of Korea Assosiation for Disability and Oral Health
• /
• v.11 no.1
• /
• pp.9-16
• /
• 2015

Pain and sensory disorder resulting from injury to peripheral nerves of the face and jaws are a major source of patient dissatisfaction and suffering. The majority of patient who sustain injuries to the peripheral sensory nerves of the face and jaws experience a slow but orderly return of sensation that is functional and tolerable in quality, if not "normal". For many patients, however, the long-term effects are a source of aggravation, and for a few, a significant cause of suffering. Common complaints relate to reduced sensory information causing embarrassing food accumulations or drooling, biting a burning the lip or tongue, and difficulty in performing routine activities such as shaving and apply makeup. For some patients posttraumatic symptoms become pathological and frankly painful. The predominent pain components are (1) numbing anesthesia dolorosa pain, (2) triggered neuralgiaform pain, (3) burning, aching causalgiaform pain, and (4) phantom pain. This is a report of cases about posttraumatic pain syndrome associated with dental treatment in a psychologically disabled patient.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
• /
• v.34 no.4
• /
• pp.280-285
• /
• 2012

From the standpoint of general guidelines of a dentist, the following conditions should be considered before replanting a permanent tooth. The avulsed tooth should be without advanced periodontal disease. The alveolar socket should be reasonably intact in order to provide a seat for the avulsed tooth. The extra-alveolar period should be considered, i.e. periods exceeding. 2 hours are usually associated with marked root resorption. But, the above mentioned regulations are often difficult to keep in the actual situation of the medical emergency room, owing it to the delay of primary medical care in multiple trauma patients. The successful cases have been reported with minimal root resorption in the long-term periods, in spite of extra-alveolar periods of several hours and combined alveolar bone fracture. This is a case report regarding the effect of endodontic drainage in delayed replantation after a prolonged extra-alveolar period of the avulsed teeth with alveolar bone fracture.

• Korea Journal of Hospital Management
• /
• v.16 no.3
• /
• pp.57-74
• /
• 2011

The purpose of this study is to analyze the relationship between the BSC model's non-financial factors such as learning and growth, internal process, customer and financial factor in general hospitals. To achieve research purpose, the data were collected from 293 employees of 5 hospitals using a standardized questionnaires which were constructed to include BSC model, and applied the structural equation modeling to examine the relationship between non-financial and financial factor. The results show that the learning and growth factor of the model has positive effects of the internal process and customer factor. The internal process and customer factor are strongly related to financial factor. Hospitals have to know non-financial factor which has positively relate to financial factor. Therefore, the results of this study help to enhance the health care center to become aligned and focused on implementing the long-term competitive strategy. This study proposes an effective performance indicators for general hospitals and it is expected to be likely to have positive influence upon enhancing services of general hospitals.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
• /
• v.17 no.3
• /
• pp.277-285
• /
• 2015

Purpose: This study was to verify the effects of a fluid therapy education program for aged stroke patients for preventing dehydration, pyuria and bacteriuria. Methods: The study employed a non-equivalent control group pretest-posttest design in quasi experimental basis. Subjects were 38 stroke patients (20 in the experimental group and 18 in the control group) older than 65, hospitalized in a senior care center in S city, Korea. Results: The amount of daily average fluid intake, normal ratio of blood urea nitrogen-creatinine ratio, serum $Na^+$ and urine white blood cells were increased significantly in the experimental group. Normal ratio of bacteriuria increased in the experimental group, but not significantly. Conclusion: The education program is considered to be an effective nursing intervention tool for preventing dehydration and urinary tract infections which related to the secondary wellness of aged stroke patients. However, longer term study is necessary for better quality of nursing and developing more specific education programs for aged stroke patients usually hospitalized for a long period of time.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
• /
• v.27 no.2
• /
• pp.103-111
• /
• 2014

Nefopam (NFP) is a non-opioid, non-steroidal, centrally acting analgesic drug that is derivative of the nonsedative benzoxazocine, developed and known in 1960s as fenazocine. Although the mechanisms of analgesic action of NFP are not well understood, they are similar to those of triple neurotransmitter (serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine) reuptake inhibitors and anticonvulsants. It has been used mainly as an analgesic drug for nociceptive pain, as well as a treatment for the prevention of postoperative shivering and hiccups. Based on NFP's mechanisms of analgesic action, it is more suitable for the treatment of neuropathic pain. Intravenous administration of NFP should be given in single doses of 20 mg slowly over 15-20 min or with continuous infusion of 60-120 mg/d to minimize adverse effects, such as nausea, cold sweating, dizziness, tachycardia, or drowsiness. The usual dose of oral administration is three to six times per day totaling 90-180 mg. The ceiling effect of its analgesia is uncertain depending on the mechanism of pain relief. In conclusion, the recently discovered dual analgesic mechanisms of action, namely, a) descending pain modulation by triple neurotransmitter reuptake inhibition similar to antidepressants, and b) inhibition of long-term potentiation mediated by NMDA from the inhibition of calcium influx like gabapentinoid anticonvulsants or blockade of voltage-sensitive sodium channels like carbamazepine, enable NFP to be used as a therapeutic agent to treat neuropathic pain.