• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제11권7호
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• pp.297-304
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• 2013

본 연구는 텔레비전 뉴스의 카메라워크와 수용자의 관여도가 뉴스에 대한 장단기 기억에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 실험을 통해 살펴보았다. 본 연구를 위해 카메라워크의 유무에 따라 2가지 종류의 TV뉴스를 제작하여 관여도를 조작한 2개의 대학생 집단에게 시청하게 하고, 이들의 장단기 기억을 측정, 분석하였다. 분석결과 TV뉴스 영상의 카메라워크는 수용자의 단기기억에는 영향을 미치지 못하지만, 장기기억에는 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 관여도가 높은 수용자들은 뉴스 내용에 대한 장단기 기억이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 카메라워크는 주변단서로서 고관여도 수용자보다 저관여도 수용자의 기억에 더 큰 영향을 미칠 것으로 예측한 가설은 지지되지 못하였다.

• 대한임베디드공학회논문지
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.261-268
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• 2018

Phase Change Memory(PCM) with low power consumption and high integration attracts attention as a next generation nonvolatile memory replacing DRAM. However, there is a problem that PCM has long latency and high energy consumption due to the writing operation. The PCM & DRAM hybrid memory structure is a fruitful structure that can overcome the disadvantages of such PCM. However, the page replacement algorithm is important, because these structures use two memory of different characteristics. The purpose of this document is to effectively manage pages that can be referenced in memory, taking into account the characteristics of DRAM and PCM. In order to manage these pages, this paper proposes an page replacement algorithm based on frequently accessed and recently paged. According to our simulation, the proposed algorithm for the DRAM&PCM hybrid can reduce the energy-delay product by around 10%, compared with Clock-DWF and CLOCK-HM.

• 한국음향학회지
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.137-142
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• 2020

문장 종속 짧은 발화에서 문장 독립 긴 발화까지 다양한 환경에서 I-vector 특징에 기반을 둔 많은 연구가 수행되었다. 본 논문에서는 원거리 잡음 환경에서 녹음한 데이터에서 Probabilistic Linear Discriminant Analysis(PLDA)를 적용한 I-vector와 주의 집중 기법을 접목한 Long Short Term Memory(LSTM) 기반의 화자 임베딩을 추출하여 결합한 화자 검증 알고리즘을 소개한다. LSTM 모델의 Equal Error Rate(EER)이 15.52 %, Attention-LSTM 모델이 8.46 %로 7.06 % 성능이 향상되었다. 이로써 본 논문에서 제안한 기법이 임베딩을 휴리스틱 하게 정의하여 사용하는 기존 추출방법의 문제점을 해결할 수 있는 것을 확인하였다. PLDA를 적용한 I-vector의 EER이 6.18 %로 결합 전 가장 좋은 성능을 보였다. Attention-LSTM 기반 임베딩과 결합하였을 때 EER이 2.57 %로 기존보다 3.61 % 감소하여 상대적으로 58.41 % 성능이 향상되었다.

• JSTS:Journal of Semiconductor Technology and Science
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.657-663
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• 2016

In this work, a novel silicon (Si) based floating body synaptic transistor (SFST) is studied to mimic the transition from short-term memory to long-term one in the biological system. The structure of the proposed SFST is based on an n-type metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET) with floating body and charge storage layer which provide the functions of short- and long-term memories, respectively. It has very similar characteristics with those of the biological memory system in the sense that the transition between short- and long-term memories is performed by the repetitive learning. Spike timing-dependent plasticity (STDP) characteristics are closely investigated for the SFST device. It has been found from the simulation results that the connectivity between pre- and post-synaptic neurons has strong dependence on the relative spike timing among electrical signals. In addition, the neuromorphic system having direct connection between the SFST devices and neuron circuits are designed.

• 커뮤니케이션학 연구
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.165-193
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• 2010

본 연구는 단기 기억과 피험자 위주의 분석이 주를 이루는 기존 연구의 방향에 장기 기억과 BPL 단위의 분석을 추가하고 있다는 점에서 의의를 갖는다. 본 연구 결과, BPL은 단기재인(52.8%의 BPL), 장기재인(44.4%의 BPL), 장기회상(30.6%의 BPL)에서 효과적인 것으로 나타났다. BPL의 표현 방식에 따른 차이를 보면, 공감각적 BPL, 클로즈업된 BPL, 노출 시간이 긴 BPL, 주연 배우가 브랜드를 사용하는 BPL이 다른 경우의 BPL보다 효과적인 것으로 나타났다. 반면, 영화에 대한 선호도나 등장인물에 대한 선호도는 BPL 브랜드의 기억에 커다란 영향을 미치는 요소가 아니었다. 차후 연구자들은 더욱 정교한 실험 디자인을 개발하고, 매개 변인과 조절 변인의 효과를 탐구하여 현재 이 분야에 존재하는 혼란스러움을 해소해야 할 것이다.

• 충청수학회지
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.157-168
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• 2021

This study uses the benchmark interest rate of the Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) to predict gold futures prices. For the predictions, we used the support vector machine (SVM) (a machine-learning model) and the long short-term memory (LSTM) deep-learning model. We found that the LSTM method is more accurate than the SVM method. Moreover, we applied the Boruta algorithm to demonstrate that the FOMC benchmark interest rates correlate with gold futures.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.20.1-20.15
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• 2020

Memory CD8+ T cells in the immune system are responsible for the removal of external Ags for a long period of time to protect against re-infection. Naïve to memory CD8+ T cell differentiation and memory CD8+ T cell maintenance require many different factors including local environmental factors. Thus, it has been suggested that the migration of memory CD8+ T cells into specific microenvironments alters their longevity and functions. In this review, we have summarized the subsets of memory CD8+ T cells based on their migratory capacities and described the niche hypothesis for their survival. In addition, the basic roles of CCR7 in conjunction with the migration of memory CD8+ T cells and recent understandings of their survival niches have been introduced. Finally, the applications of altering CCR7 signaling have been discussed.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2019

Firefighters wear Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) for protection from environmental hazards. However, due to the layers of protective functions, the PPE inevitably adds excessive weight, bulkiness, and thermal stress to firefighters. This study investigated the adverse impact of wearing PPE as an occupational stressor on the firefighter's cognitive functioning. Twenty-three firefighters who had been involved in firefighting at least for 1 year were recruited. The overall changing trend in the firefighter's cognitive functioning (short-term memory, long-term memory, and inductive reasoning) was measured by the scores of three standardized cognitive tests at the baseline and the follow-up, after participating in a moderate-intensity physical activity, wearing a full ensemble of the PPE. The study findings evinced the negative impact of the PPE on the firefighter's cognitive functioning, especially in short-term memory and inductive reasoning. No significant influence was found on the firefighter's long-term memory. The results were consistent when the participant's age and BMI were controlled. The outcomes of the present study will not only fill the gap in the literature, but also provide critical justification to stakeholders, including governments, policymakers, academic communities, and industry, for such efforts to improve human factors of the firefighter's PPE by realizing the negative consequences of the added layers and protective functions on their occupational safety. Study limitations and future directions were also discussed.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.60-66
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of educational smartphone app with the effect of learning using conventional paper material. We developed an educational app for nursing students to learn how to read blood pressure and how to take a pulse. Evaluated was the effect of the app-based education by measuring the short term memory (right after the education), the long term memory (a week later) and the satisfaction. 25 college nursing students participated for the experiment group using the app-based education and 25 for the control group using paper-based education. We applied for statistical analysis Fisher's exact test and Independent t-test. The satisfaction of the app user's appeared significantly higher than that of the paper material user's (t=2.322, p=0.024). The short term memory score was 0.23 points higher in the experimental group (6.46 points) than in the control group (6.23 points), which was not statistically significant (t =0.422, p =0.675). Similar result came for the long term memory (t=1.006, p=0.320). After adjusting for the effect of a college grade using ANCOVA, the effect on memory was significantly higher in the experiment group. There might be differences in learning ability between the experimental and the control groups.

• 디지털산업정보학회논문지
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.169-177
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• 2009

In come cases, people differently respond on the same joke or thoughtless behavior - sometimes like it and laugh, another time feel annoyed or angry. This fact is explained that experiences which we had in the past are remembered by emotional memory, so they cause different responses. When people face similar situation or feel similar emotion, they evoke the emotion experienced in the past and the emotional memory affects current emotion. This paper suggested the mechanism of the emotional memory using SOM through the similarity between the emotional memory and SOM learning algorithm. It was assumed that the mechanism of the emotional memory has also the characteristics of association memory, long-term memory and short-term memory in its process of remembering emotional experience, which are known as the characteristics of the process of remembering factual experience. And then these characteristics were applied. The mechanism of the emotional memory designed like this was applied to toy hammer game and I measured the change in the power of toy hammer caused by differently responding on the same stimulus. The mechanism of the emotional memory suggest in above is expected to apply to the fields of game, robot engineering, because the mechanism can express various emotions on the same stimulus.