• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 2000년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.497-500
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• 2000

This paper describes the procedures to estimate for the design thermal loads on prestressed concrete box girder bridges on th basis of the extreme analysis of the temperature data obtained from long-term thermal analyses. Long-term thermal analyses using the environmental data for three years were conducted, and the extreme distributions of th thermal loads are then determined by the tail-equivalence method, and the thermal loads corresponding to selected return period are calculated. Finally, the results are compared to the specifications suggested in a current design code for thermal loads.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2008년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.224-231
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• 2008

A subway or an underground railway is one of the representative public transportations which lots of people take everyday. Then, subway station, which is also one of the very important public civil infrastructures, generally services for a long period of time. During the service time of stations, they are easily damaged from environmental corrosion, material aging, fatigue, and the coupling effects with long-term loads and extreme loads. Recently, civil construction work on the places near station often creates lots of damages to the station. As these damages accumulate, the performance of station degenerates due to the above factors. They would inevitably reduce the resisting capacity of station against the disaster; even they bring into the collapse of stations with the structural failure under long-term loads and extreme loads. And, if disaster such as earthquake, fire, etc. happens, it causes huge property damage and threatens the human lives. Because of these above reasons, the structural health monitoring system need to be developed for ensuring the safety of station. In this paper, the development directions of the structural health monitoring system with fiber optic sensor and USN for subway station are briefly described.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2007년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.1248-1253
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• 2007

Urban transit or subway stations generally service for a long period of several decades. And, the urban transit or subway is public transportation which lots of people takes every day. During the service time, they are inevitably damaged from environmental corrosion, material aging, fatigue, and the coupling effects with long-term loads and extreme loads. The included damage accumulates and performance degenerates due to the above factors. They would inevitably reduce the resisting capacity of station against the disaster; even they result in collapse with the structural failure under extreme loads. And, if disaster such as earthquake, fire, etc. happens, it causes huge property damage and threatens the human lives. Because of these above reasons, the intelligent health surveillance system should be researched and developed for ensuring the safety of station. In this paper, the research plans of the intelligent health surveillance system of urban transit station are presented. And also, the development or establishment directions of this system are suggested.

• Wind and Structures
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.525-541
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• 2016

An offshore wind turbine supported by a spar buoy floating platform is the subject of this study on tower and rotor extreme loads. The platform, with a 120-meter draft and assumed to be sited in 320 meters of water, supports a 5 MW wind turbine. A baseline model for this turbine developed at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) is employed in stochastic response simulations. The support platform, along with the mooring system consisting of three catenary lines, chosen for loads modeling, is based on the "Hywind" floating wind turbine concept. Our interest lies in gaining an understanding of the dynamic coupling between the support platform motion and the turbine loads. We first investigate short-term response statistics using stochastic simulation for a range of different environmental wind and wave conditions. From this study, we identify a few "controlling" environmental conditions for which long-term turbine load statistics and probability distributions are established.

• 신재생에너지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.2-16
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• 2024

Various loads induced by marine environmental conditions, such as waves, currents, and wind, are crucial for the operation and viability of offshore wind power (OWP) systems. In particular, waves have a significant impact on the stress and fatigue load of offshore structures, and highly reliable design parameters should be derived through extreme value analysis (EVA) techniques. In this study, extreme wave analyses were conducted with various Weibull distribution models to determine the reliable design parameters of an OWP system suitable for the Ulsan area. Forty-three years of long-term hindcast data generated by a numerical wave model were adopted as the analyses data, and the least-squares method was used to estimate the parameters of the distribution function for EVA. The inverse first-order reliability method was employed as the EVA technique. The obtained results were compared among themselves under the assumption that the marginal probability distributions were 2p, 3p, and exponentiated Weibull distributions.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.469-488
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• 2015

Thermal loads, especially thermal gradients, have a considerable effect on the behaviors of large-scale bridges throughout their lifecycles. Bridge design specifications provide minimal guidance regarding thermal gradients for simple bridge girders and do not consider transversal thermal gradients in wide girder cross-sections. This paper investigates the three-dimensional thermal gradients of arch bridge girders by integrating long-term field monitoring data recorded by a structural health monitoring system, with emphasis on the vertical and transversal thermal gradients of wide concrete-steel composite girders. Based on field monitoring data for one year, the time-dependent characteristics of temperature and three-dimensional thermal gradients in girder cross-sections are explored. A statistical analysis of thermal gradients is conducted, and the probability density functions of transversal and vertical thermal gradients are estimated. The extreme thermal gradients are predicted with a specific return period by employing an extreme value analysis, and the profiles of the vertical thermal gradient are established for bridge design. The transversal and vertical thermal gradients are developed to help engineers understand the thermal behaviors of concrete-steel composite girders during their service periods.

• Wind and Structures
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• 제12권5호
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• pp.425-439
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• 2009

The expediency of revising universal rules for the combination of gravity and lateral actions of wind force-resisting steel structures recommended by the Standards EN 1990 and ASCE/SEI 7-05 is discussed. Extreme wind forces, gravity actions and their combinations for the limit state design of structures are considered. The effect of statistical uncertainties of extreme wind pressure and steel yield strength on the structural safety of beam-column joints of wind force-resisting multistory steel frames designed by the partial factor design (PFD) and the load and resistance factor design (LRFD) methods is demonstrated. The limit state criterion and the performance process of steel frame joints are presented and considered. Their long-term survival probability analysis is based on the unsophisticated method of transformed conditional probabilities. A numerical example illustrates some discrepancies in international design standards and the necessity to revise the rule of universal combinations of loads in wind and structural engineering.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 2008년도 추계 학술발표회 제20권2호
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• pp.105-108
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• 2008

교량의 내진설계에 적용되는 지진격리받침은 초창기 외국제품 수입에서 시작하여 현재는 국내업체의 자체 생산도 가능한 단계에 이르렀다고 할 수 있지만 지진격리받침의 극한적 조건에서의 특성에 대한 고찰은 거의 이루어지지 않고 있다. 본 연구에서는 다양한 지진격리받침 중에서도 많은 적용 사례가 있는 적층고무형태를 대상으로 하여 지진격리받침이 전단수평력을 받아 파괴에 이르는 전단파괴, 지진격리받침의 장기적 특성변화를 유발하는 노화, 크리프가 지진격리받침의 특성에 미치는 영향에 대하여 평가하였다. 실험을 통한 실제적인 고찰이 이루어질 수 있도록 적층고무형 지진격리받침을 실제로 제작하였고 설계수직하중을 재하한 상태에서 전단파괴에 이르도록 전단변위를 가하였다. 그리고 고무재료의 노화에 의한 특성과 영향을 분석하고자 노화촉진을 위한 고온 환경에 지진격리받침을 일정시간 노출시킨 뒤 노출 이전에 측정한 특성에 비해 얼마나 변화하였는지 비교 분석하였다. 아울러 고정된 수직하중을 받는 상태에서 고무재료의 크리프 발생으로 지진격리받침의 높이가 영구적으로 변화 할 수 있는데 받침의 수명을 고려하여 60년 후의 크리프량을 추정하였다.

• Wind and Structures
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.145-160
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• 1998

In recent years, the effects of a possible climate change have been discussed in regard to wind loading on buildings and structures. Simple scenarios based on the assumption of global warming suggest an increase of storm intensities and storm frequencies and a possible re-distribution of storm tracks. Among recent publications, some papers seem to verify these scenarios while others deny the influence of climatic change. In an introductory step, the paper tries to re-examine these statements. Based on meteorological observations of a weather station in Germany, the existence of long-term trends and their statistical significance is investigated. The analysis itself is based on a refined model for the wind climate introducing a number of new basic variables. Thus, the numerical values of the design wind loads used in modern codes become more justified from the probabilistic point of view.

• 한국강구조학회 논문집
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• 제10권3호통권36호
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• pp.537-551
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• 1998

본 논문에서는 장기온도측정자료의 통계해석에 바탕을 두고, 합성박스형교량에 작용하는 설계온도하중의 적절한 값을 제안하고자 한다. 이를 위해, 최근에 건설된 합성박스형교량에서 약 20개월간 온도측정을 수행하였다. 극치해석에 앞서, 온도분포특성을 나타내는 주요 매개변수를 정의하고, 이의 계절별변화에 대해 상세히 검토하였다. 이 온도하중매개변수의 극치분포를 Tail-Equivalence법에 의해 결정하고, 주어진 재현기간에 해당되는 온도하중매개변수의 극치값을 계산하였다. 끝으로, 이 결과들을 현 시방서에서 온도하중에 대해 제안하고있는 규정들과 비교하였다. 비교결과로부터, 현 시방서는 합성박스형교량의 온도응력을 나타내는데 불충분하며, 특별한 경우에 있어서 현 설계규정에 포함되지않은 수평방향온도변화를 고려해야만 된다는 결론에 도달하였다.