• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
• /
• v.31 no.4
• /
• pp.303-311
• /
• 2015

This study aimed to assess the effects of tree manures in comparison with NPK fertilizer on growth of Acacia senegal seedlings. It was conducted in the nursery of the Faculty of Forestry, University of Khartoum, Shambat (Lat.: $15^{\circ}$ 39' 387" N and Long.: $32^{\circ}$ 30' 871" E), during August 2008 and January 2009. The growing media were prepared by mixing ground foliage of trees with sandy soil (weight/volume) as follows, Albizia lebbeck (AL): 25 g, 50 g and 75 g; Azadirachta indica (AZ): 25 g, 50 g and 75 g; Khaya senegalensis (KH): 25 g, 50 g and 75 g; NPK fertilizer: 30 g per seedling. Albizia lebbeck and Azadirachta indica manures and NPK fertilizer have stimulated the Acacia senegal seed germination percentage in comparison with the control, with respective values of 89, 82.7, 81 and 71%. Khaya senegalensis manure has suppressed the Acacia senegal seed germination percentage with a value of only 49%. Effects of treatments on the seedlings growth parameters varied in the following percentages, in comparison to the control, shoot height: AZ 62.9%, AL 46%, KH 9.9% and NPK 27.8%; root length: AZ 25.8%, AL 31.5%, KH 30.6% and NPK 4.4%; diameter: AZ 75.2%, AL 37.1%, KH 34.3% and NPK 20%; Shoot biomass: AZ 319%, AL 195.2%, KH 57.1% and NPK 42.9%; root biomass: AZ 288.9%, AL 116.7%, KH 55.6% and NPK 16.7%%;. Thus, the effectiveness of the used substrates on the growth performance of Acacia senegal seedlings occurred in the following descending order: Azadirachta indica> Albizia lebbeck>Khaya senegalensis>NPK fertilizer. These results assert clearly the ameliorative and fertilizing characteristics of tree manures that can be reliably used for raising seedlings stocks in the nurseries.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
• /
• v.45 no.1
• /
• pp.26-31
• /
• 2000

This study was carried out to obtain the basic information for breeding cold-tolerant rice varieties with high yield-productivity through wide crosses between indica and japonica rice. Genetic analysis was conducted using 55 F$_1$s obtained from half-diallel crosses among eleven cultivars of various origin including indica and japonica rice. Screening for cold tolerance was done with cold-water irrigation after transplanting until ripening stage. Both general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) effects were highly significant in all characters associated with dry matter accumulation at 30 and 50days after cold-water irrigation (DAC). The variance of GCA was much larger than that of SCA in plant height, shoot dry weight per plant (DWP), crop growth rate (CGR) and cold-water response index (CRI) of these characters except CRI of shoot dry weight per plant. The DWP, CGR and CRI of these characters of Gaochan 102, Tong88-7 and TR22183 were markedly higher than those of the others. GCA effects of these varieties on DWP, CGR and their CRI were also higher than those of the others, indicating that they are useful as promising parents for breeding cold-tolerant varieties. Analysis of genetic parameters for 11$\times$11 half-diallel F$_1$s revealed that inter-locus gene interaction were concerned in the expression of plant height at 50 DAC, CRI of DWP at 50 DAC, and CRI of CGR, and that intra-locus gene interaction for plant height and the other characters were partial dominance and over-dominance, respectively. Narrow-sense heritability (h$^2$$_{N}$) was the highest in plant height as 0.729, and the lowest in CRI of DWP at 30 DAC as 0.048, suggesting that selection for cold tolerance will be quite effective in case that the selection criterion is the performance itself.f.

• Korean Journal of Plant Tissue Culture
• /
• v.25 no.5
• /
• pp.301-304
• /
• 1998

Effects of genotype and culture medium on plant regeneration from cotyledon segments of red pepper(Capsicum annuum L.) was investigated. Among combinations of IAA(0.25 and 0.50 mg/L) and zeatin(2.0 and 4.0 mg/L) added to MS medium, combination of 2.0 mg/L zeatin and 0.25 mg/L IAA was shown to be the best for shoot differentiation from cotyledon segments. Shoot regeneration from cotyledon explants took 9 to 25days, depending on genotypes and culture media. Early shooting was observed in Yeongyangjaelae, Putgochw, Karkovskij-A-35, Gris I-A-1 on MS medium containing 2.0 mg/L zeatin and 0.25 IAA mg/L. Percent of explants producing shoots, as also influenced by genotypes and culture media, were over 90% for 621, Yeongyangjaelae, Putgochw, Nikko jacksacgmulgochw, Ch-6-Num-216, and Kajenskij-A-35 when cultured on MS medum supplemented with 2.0 mg/L zeatin and 0.25 mg/L IAA and for Fresno chile, PI 169126, Kajenskij-A-35, jacksacgmulgochw, and PI 297438 on MS medium including 2.0 mg/L BA and 1.0 mg/L IAA.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
• /
• 2001.11b
• /
• pp.35-42
• /
• 2001

In order to obtain basic information for pure line breeding of hemp which is effective on the pure line preservation and propagation, three varieties were investigative from 1995 to 1996 at Mokpo Experiment Station, Honam Agriculture Experiment Station, and cutting parts, cutting times, cutting length and storage duration after cutting of plant were observed. Higher rooting ratio were observed in cutting of shoot and later branch, in July 5, optimum harvesting time and 5 days after harvesting time, in shorter storage duration,0 and 2 days. Also there were the highest rooting ratio increased by from 12% to 16% in shorter cutting of 10cm than 15cm long cutting in shoot, lateral branch and stem cuttings. Hemp cv. Korea showed higher rooting ratio than the other varieties, Japan and Turkey. Therefore, it was concluded that hemp, a dioecious plant, could be effectively propagated for the pure lines by cutting method, especially in cv. Korea.

• Journal of Korea Foresty Energy
• /
• v.21 no.1
• /
• pp.32-40
• /
• 2002

This study was carried out to investigate the effects of rootball media and covering materials for air-layering on the rooting and growth responses of miniature tree material. The experiment was performed with Carpinus coreana Nakai in the vinyl-house condition. The covering material, jute tape increased the diameter growth at 1cm above the girdling part of the tree material. The combined use of the soil mixture of peatmoss and perlite(2:1, by volume) as rootball medium and jute tape increased the dry weight of current year leaves and shoots. The number of shoot shorter than 10cm and that of leaves from the shoot were produced more by using a sphagnum moss for rootball medium than the soil mixture. The use of jute tape shortened the period required for rooting and increased the number of fine roots and the total root dry weight at girdling part of the tree material. On the other hand, the number of long roots was produced more by using the sphagnum moss than the soil mixture.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
• /
• v.28 no.6
• /
• pp.697-703
• /
• 2015

Twenty apple germplasm accessions from the Korean Genebank were successfully cryopreserved using two-step freezing to back up genetic resources maintained by field collections. This study examined the morphological and genetic stability of cryopreserved dormant apple buds that were stored in liquid nitrogen, and then rewarmed and regrown. Whole plants were regenerated directly from dormant buds through budding without an intermediary callus phase. The cryopreserved buds produced high levels of shoot formation (76.2-100%), similar to those of noncryopreserved buds (91.3-100%), with no observed differences between cryopreserved and noncryopreserved materials. Three of the twenty cryopreserved apple germplasm accessions were used to assess morphological and genetic stability. No differences in morphological characteristics including shoot length, leaf shape, leaf width/length ratio, and root length were observed between controls (fresh control and noncryopreserved) and cryopreserved plantlets. The genetic stability of regenerants (before and after cryopreservation) was investigated using inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers. The ISSR markers produced 253 bands using four primers, ISSR 810, SSR 835, ISSR 864, and ISSR 899. These markers showed monomorphic banding patterns and revealed no polymorphism between the mother plant and regenerants before and after cryopreservation, suggesting that cryopreservation using two-step freezing does not affect the genetic stability of apple germplasm. These results show that two-step freezing cryopreservation is a practical method for long-term storage of apple germplasms.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
• /
• 2019.10a
• /
• pp.15-15
• /
• 2019

The walnut (Juglans regia L.), a member of the Juglandaceae, is native to the mountain ranges of central Asia. This species of walnut is valued commercially for its nuts and in some areas for its timber. The seeds of walnut are recalcitrant and it has strong integument dormancy and their germination is irregular, making its natural propagation difficult. Low percentage of seed germination and long propagation cycle are the main problems of propagation. This study was conducted medium composition on in vitro plantlet regeneration from axillary buds of walnut. It has proved to be the most generally applicable and reliable method of in vitro propagation. Micropropagation culture that axillary buds are excised aseptically enables faster multiplication of plants. The axillary buds of walnut new cultivar "Sinlyeong" were cultured on two basal media which contained the different plant growth regulators depending on the respective shooting and rooting stage. After 12 weeks, the shoot generation rate was 85.3%, the shoot number and its length were 1.9/explant and 2.7 cm in the most favorable medium composition. The percentage of rooting was 25.4%. From these results, it was found the optimum basal medium and plant growth regulator for in vitro plant regeneration from axillary buds of walnut new cultivar "Sinlyeong". However, we have continued to search the other medium additives to enhance the rate of walnut root.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
• /
• v.49 no.3
• /
• pp.213-221
• /
• 2022

Wild garlic (Allium victorialis var. platyphyllum, AVVP) is a nontimber forest product used as an edible and medicinal vegetable. AVVP is usually propagated form offspring bulbs but it takes a long time to harvest. Using tissue culture technology could overcome this problem. This study investigated the optimal conditions for shoot multiplication, root growth, and plant growth by scooping AVVP bulbs. AVVP bulbs harvested from Ulleung Island, Korea, the main producer of AVVP, were surface-sterilized and used for in vitro propagation. Shoot multiplication was performed by the scooping method. More than five multiple shoots were induced from scooped tissue in Quoirin and Lepoivre (QL) medium containing plant growth regulators (PGRs); the maximum number of multiple shoots were induced from scooped tissue in QL medium containing 0.45 μM thidiazuron (TDZ) after 16 weeks of culture. Roots were induced directly at the base of the shoots in all treatments. In vitro rooting depended on the type of PGRs, and the best root-inducing treatment was QL medium containing 9.84 μM indole-3-butyric acid (IBA). Plants with in vitro roots were transferred to pots containing artificial soil and successfully acclimatized for 4 weeks. The acclimatized plants showed a survival rate of 80% after 20 weeks and gradually promoted growth depending on the acclimatization period. The results of this study will be of great help to AVVP dissemination through sustainable mass propagation.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
• /
• v.30 no.3
• /
• pp.314-319
• /
• 1985

In order to observe the differences of several characters related to earliness, seven barley varieties were tested under two different photoperiodic conditions. Final leaf number per main stem under long day did not vary among varieties, but ranged 6 to 7 in early group and 9 to 10 in late group under shortday. Shoot apex of early varieties, Jogangbori and Oweolbori reached to X stage at 24 days, but that of late variety, CI 15446 did to X stag at 32 days after transplanting under short day. Spike length reached to maximum length at 39 days in early group, but at 51 days in late group. Saeolbori, CI 15446 and Hangmi were photo-sensitive, but Jogangbori and Oweolbori were photo-insensitive. Therefore, the photoperiodic response to short day was most responsible to heading time. Those results showed that early heading varieties had the characteristics with less variation of final leaves, less retardation of shoot apex development and spike elongation, and shorter period to flag leaf emergence under short day.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
• /
• 2023.04a
• /
• pp.33-33
• /
• 2023

Potatoes are the world's 4th major food crop after maize, rice, and wheat and also are a staple food for 1.3 billion people. Due to their wide adaptability to various environmental conditions, their yeild capacity, and high commercial value, potatoes have contributed to global food security. Many potato germplasms are commonly preserved as whole plants in fields or in storage to maintain their particular genetic combinations. However, field maintenance is expensive and has the risk of potential losses from diseases, pests, plant ageing and climate change. Over the past four decades, meaningful efforts have been made toward the safe long-term conservation of potatoes through cryopreservation methods such as droplet-vitrification. In this study, we tested 4 Korean potato varieties('Golden Egg', 'Golden Ball', 'Ja-Young' and 'Ha-Ryeong') with the modified potato droplet -vitrification protocol. Potato shoot tips are precultured in a sucrose-enriched medium(0.3 and 0.7M for 7 and 17hrs, respectively) and submitted to a loading step with C4 solution for osmoprotection. The treated explants were dehydrated with Plant Vitrification Solution(PVS)2 which is 80% A3 solution in ice for 30 minutes. Thawing and unloading steps were performed with 0.8M sucrose solution for 30 sec(40℃) followed by 30min(25℃, room temperature). In a potato post-culture medium(MS+0.1 mg·L^-1 GA₃+0.1 mg·L^-1 kinetin), we obtained a survival rates of post-thawed explants ranging 16.1-82.2%. The results suggest that modified and optimized protocols are required dependinig on every cultivar, genetic and ecological types. To achieve higher survival and regeneration rates, each step within the cryoprocedure must be carefully optimized.