• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.257-262
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• 2007

Organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) with the high efficieney and long lifetime are of growing interest in next-generation displays. Among the factors influencing OLEDs properties, one of unstable factor is $Alq_3$ cationic species caused by the excess holes resided in $Alq_3$ layer. Therefore, we suppressed the accumulation of excess holes by using the mixed-hole transporting layer (MHTL) of NPB and CBP in multilayer green OLEDs. The devices with MHTL showed improved characteristics in the luminous efficiency and lifetime. More characteristics and the carrier transport mechanism will be discussed.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2006년도 하계학술대회 논문집 Vol.7
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• pp.67-68
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• 2006

Organic light-emitting devices (OLEDs) with the high efficiency and long lifetime are of growing interest in next-generation displays. Among the factors influencing OLEDs properties, one of unstable factor is $Alq_3$ cationic species caused by the excess holes resided in $Alq_3$ layer. Therefore, we suppressed the accumulation of excess holes by using the mixed-hole transporting layer (MHTL) of NPB and CBP in multilayer green OLEDs. The devices with MHTL showed improved characteristics in the luminance efficiency and lifetime. More characteristics and the carrier transport mechanism will be discussed.

• Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
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• 제66권3호
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• pp.675-678
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• 2021

In order to the long-term stability of DSE for electroplating process, the lifetime equations were calculated from the results of the accelerated life testing, and the lifetime of DSE was predicted. The nano-embossing pre-treatment led to 2.65 times in the lifetime of DSE. The degradation mechanism of DSE with a thick metal oxide layer for applied highly current density process condition was identified. The improvement of durability of DSE seems to be closely related to adhesion between titanium plate and mixed metal oxide layer.

• 대기
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.243-253
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• 2009

In other to interpret the long-term variations of sunshine duration, cloud lifetime, and precipitation intensity observed in and around Seoul and Busan for the period from 1986 to 2005, aerosol indirect effect was employed and applied. For the identification of long-term trend of aerosol concentration, observed visibility and AOT of AERONET sunphotometer data were also used over the same regions. The result showed that the time series of visibility was decreased and those of AOT increased, especially trends were remarkable in 2000s. In both regions, occurrence frequencies of observed cloudiness (cloud amount ${\leq}6/10$) and strong precipitation (rain rate > $0.5mmhour^{-1}$) have been steadily increased while those of cloudiness (cloud amount > 7/10) and weak precipitation (rain rate ${\leq}0.2mmhour^{-1}$) decreased. These results are corresponding to the trend of both visibility and AERONET data, implying the aerosol indirect effect that makes size of cloud droplet reduce, cloud life-time longer and precipitation efficiency decreased. Our findings demonstrate that, although these phenomena are not highly significant, weather and climate system over Korean urban area have been changed toward longer lifetime of small cloudiness and increasing precipitation intensity as a result of increased aerosol indirect effect.

• 한국군사과학기술학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.336-341
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• 2010

The burning interruption between the initiator and the delay column in a Zr-Ni K1 delay system used for a K510 fuze occurs with long-time storage. About 10 % failure probability of 15-years stored delay systems shows the failure mode in open literature. This paper shows storage lifetime improvement results for the delay system through changing the single-base delay column into double-base ones and controlling the manufacturing processes especially the initial inclusion of humidity. The double-base delay columns was implemented by inserting one delay column of fast burning rates between the initiator and the previous delay column of slow burning rates. Accelerated aging tests of the delay systems with double-base columns, and then the firing tests were performed to evaluate the improved lifetime. The double-base delay columns shows improved storage lifetime of the delay system through preventing the failure mode.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.109-115
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• 2009

점차 복잡화되고, 다양화되고 있는 고객들의 수요를 만족시키기 위해 많은 인터넷 회사에서는 고객관계관리를 통하여 마케팅 활동을 벌이고 있다. 단기간 판매실적을 극대화하기 보다는 고객서비스와 장기간의 고객만족도를 더 많이 강화하기 위해서는 마케팅 계량지표로서 고객생애가치를 활용하는 것이 바람직하다. 이러한 고객생애가치는 인터넷 비즈니스 분야에서 경쟁적인 힘을 증진시킬 수 있는 고객가치를 발견할 수 있는 핵심이며, 많은 인터넷 기업들이 고객생애가치에 관심을 가지고 있다. 본 논문에서는 회원 유형별로 인터넷 사이트의 회원 수명을 분석하기 위해 생명표 기법을 활용함으로써 여러 형태의 인터넷 회사에 다양한 생명표를 이용할 수 있는 기회를 마련하고자 한다.

• 한국신뢰성학회지:신뢰성응용연구
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.111-126
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• 2011

The clutch coil mounted on the automotive air conditioner is an important part which actuates the clutch to connect or disconnect the pulley and the compressor according to the climate control condition in an automobile. Here, it is generally required that the clutch coil should ensure the long term durability requirement, such as a warranty for the 10 years of field operation or 160,000 km driving, especially in a brand new item, and so forth. However, some difficulties have arisen in restoring its credibility, since domestic specifications for the part have not been yet unified. In order to ensure the reliability, test methods and assessment criteria should be standardized. Moreover, assessed lifetime under specific conditions and potential failure analysis would be important. In this study, lifetime test specifications for the clutch coil have been reviewed and methodological suggestions are provided to ensure reliability, utilizing a quality function deployment through the potential failure mode effect analysis.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.428-436
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• 2019

Background: Metalworking fluids (MWFs) are mixtures with inhalation exposures as mists, dusts, and vapors, and dermal exposure in the dispersed and bulk liquid phase. A quantitative risk assessment was performed for exposure to MWF and respiratory disease. Methods: Risks associated with MWF were derived from published studies and NIOSH Health Hazard Evaluations, and lifetime risks were calculated. The outcomes analyzed included adult onset asthma, hypersensitivity pneumonitis, pulmonary function impairment, and reported symptoms. Incidence rates were compiled or estimated, and annual proportional loss of respiratory capacity was derived from cross-sectional assessments. Results: A strong healthy worker survivor effect was present. New-onset asthma and hypersensitivity pneumonitis, at 0.1 mg/㎥ MWF under continuous outbreak conditions, had a lifetime risk of 45%; if the associated microbiological conditions occur with only 5% prevalence, then the lifetime risk would be about 3%. At 0.1 mg/㎥, the estimate of excess lifetime risk of attributable pulmonary impairment was 0.25%, which may have been underestimated by a factor of 5 or more by a strong healthy worker survivor effect. The symptom prevalence associated with respiratory impairment at 0.1 mg/㎥ MWF was estimated to be 5% (published studies) and 21% (Health Hazard Evaluations). Conclusion: Significant risks of impairment and chronic disease occurred at 0.1 mg/㎥ for MWFs in use mostly before 2000. Evolving MWFs contain new ingredients with uncharacterized long-term hazards.

• 한국철도학회논문집
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.111-116
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• 2015

LED 조명은 고효율과 장시간의 수명 특성으로 각광받고 있지만 LED소자의 구동전류와 열에 의한 특성으로 예측된 수명에 미치지 못하는 경우가 많다. 특히 철도차량의 전조등의 운행환경은 주변온도 변화에 민감한 구조를 지니고 있다. LED소자에 대한 수명을 예측하기 위한 시험방법 및 예측방법이 북미조명학회에서 LM-80과 TM-21 등으로 제시되고 있지만 수명 확인을 위해 장기간이 소요되며 전류와 온도 등의 다양한 스트레스로 인하여 LED제품에 대한 수명시험 표준이 구체적으로 정립되어 있지 않다. 본 논문에서는 실제품의 수명을 예측할 수 있는 방안과 시험방법의 적합성을 확인하여 궁극적으로 LED제품에 대한 수명시험 표준으로 타당성을 검증하기 위한 선행연구로서 철도차량의 운행환경을 반영한 조건에서 수명 시험이 가능한 측정 설비의 개념 설계안을 제시하고 이에 대한 설계 타당성을 검토한다.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제30권11A호
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• pp.995-1003
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• 2005

센서 네트워크를 구성하는 각 센서 노드는 대체로 크기가 작고 배터리의 용량이 한정되어 있기 때문에 에너지소모를 줄이는 방안이 연구되고 있다. 센서 노드는 자신의 위치에 따라서 이벤트 감지와 데이터 전송 펀수 등에 의해 다른 노드와 서로 다른 에너지 소비율을 보일 수 있으며 노드간의 수명도 다르게 된다. 따라서 특정 노드의 에너지 고갈로 경로 단절에 의해 망의 수명을 단축시킬 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 센서 네트워크에서 데이터 전송을 위한 경로 선택에 있어, 남아 있는 에너지가 많은 노드 중에 최소 에너지를 소모하는 경로를 선택함으로써 망의 수명을 연장하고 전체적인 에너지 소비율을 비슷하게 유지하는 라우팅 알고리즘을 제안하였다. 제안된 알고리즘의 목적은 센서 네트워크의 수명을 오래 유지하고 각 센서노드의 에너지를 골고루 사용함에 있다. 시뮬레이션을 통해 기존에 제안된 센서 네트워크 라우팅 알고리즘보다 망의 수명이 개선되고 각 노드의 잔류에너지 분포가 더 균일하여 망의 신뢰성이 높아짐을 보였다.