• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.129-139
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• 2003

Living arrangement is considered an important variable in discussing loneliness and the psychological state of the elderly. From this point of view, this study aimed at Identifying the effects of living arrangements, sociodemographic variables, social activities, and social psychological variables on the psychological loneliness of the rural elderly. Though hierarchical regression analyses. the predictors of loneliness among the rural elderly were identified as single/co-residence living arrangement(r=.49), sense of well-being based on respects for others' perspectives (r: -.22), needs for remarriage (r=.22), and work hours during off- farming season (r: -.19). The effects of living arrangement remained strong and were not influenced by the addition of sociodemographic variables, social activity variable, and social psychological variables. The feeling of loneliness of the elderly who were living alone was higher than among the elderly who were living with someone else. This finding suggests that the loneliness of the rural elderly derives primarily from the lack of family Interaction. Therefore, it is recommended that social welfare policies for the rural elderly be designed to improve their family and social interactions.

• 산경연구논집
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.23-36
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• 2017

Purpose - In this study, dating in the elderlys' life gave satisfaction: for elderly men, dating gave them self esteem, and in women they were satisfied with the realities. This study investigated the effect of dating in the elderly on their happiness. Research design, data, and methodology - These days, the elderly population rapidly increased to produce a social issue and studies of such in welfare policy for the elderly are limited. The elderly has lost roles in the society because aged people give up human reason and love in accordance with the traditional expectations of them. Subjects in this study were related with investigating the elderly's dating life, loneliness and happiness. Results - The date life of the elderly had significant influence upon psychological loneliness. Hypothesis was adopted and results showed the degree of elderly's dating life had a significant influence upon psychological loneliness (.230**) to account for 13.2% of psychological loneliness. Needs of dating elderly had influence upon psychological loneliness. Conclusions - Psychological loneliness was mediated with dating in the elderly for opportunity and happiness. Hypothesis was that the dating had influence upon happiness. As a result, date opportunity, degree, needs and friendliness had no significant influence upon happiness.

• 기본간호학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.391-399
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• 2010

Purpose: This study was done to examine factors influencing loneliness in the elderly living in nursing homes. Method: The participants for this study were 150 adults, age 60 or over who had lived for one year or longer in two nursing homes in Gwangju. The questionnaires consisted of measurements of activities of daily living (ADL), social support and loneliness. Frequencies, percentages and means were used with Pearson correlation coefficients, t-test, ANOVA, and Scheffe test to analyze the data. The analysis was done with SPSS 12.0 Stepwise multiple regression was used to identify significant factors influencing loneliness in the elderly living in nursing homes. Results: Significant correlations were found between level of ADL and loneliness (r=-0.379, p<.001), support from friends and loneliness (r=-0.472, p<.001), and support from significant others and loneliness (r=-0.449, p<.001). Loneliness was significantly influenced by support from friends, ADL, and support from significant others. This regression model explained 29% of the variances in loneliness. Conclusion: The findings in this study suggest that improvement in support from friends and ADL can lead to a reduction in loneliness in the elderly living in nursing homes.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.1721-1727
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• 2012

본 연구는 도시노인의 외로움 정도와 영적 요구를 파악하고 이들의 관련성을 규명함으로써 심리적인 건강과 영적 건강에 대한 이해를 증진시키고, 영적 돌봄의 필요성을 재확인하여 간호사의 역할 확대 및 노인전문간호사 역할 확립에 기여함은 물론 도시지역 경로대학의 건강 관련 교육프로그램 또는 영적 돌봄 프로그램 개발의 기초자료를 제공하기 위해 실시하였다. 연구대상은 서울시 K구에 거주하면서 S교회 경로대학에 다니고 있는 65세 이상의 노인으로서 의사소통이 가능하고 본 연구에 동참하기를 수락한 노인 159명으로 하였다. 연구결과 대상자의 외로움 정도는 평균 2.02점(4점 만점)이었으며, 영적 요구는 평균 4.51점(5점 만점)으로 조사되었고 사랑과 유대감 영역이 가장 높았다(4.66). 외로움과 영적 요구는 역 상관관계가 있어서(r=-.31, p<.001) 외로움이 클수록 영적 요구도는 낮았고 종교 예식에 참여하는 경우(p=0.032), 80세 이상 생활보조금을 받는 여성의 영적 요구가 높은 것으로 나타났다. 그러므로 노인들의 외로움을 감소시키기 위한 영적 간호중재 전략이 필요하다.

• 한국보건간호학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.95-106
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• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between social support and loneliness in elderly women living alone. Method: Between 1 October 2008 and 30 April 2009, a random sampling method was conducted to recruit 112 elderly women who were living alone. The subjects were at least 65 years of age. Data was collected using the social support questionnaire, and the translated Korean Version of the Revised University of California at Los Angeles Loneliness Scale (R-UCLA Loneliness Scale). Results: In our study, the sources of social support were the children, neighbours, brothers and sisters, in this order. We found that the loneliness of the subjects was related to age, the number of children, and financial difficulty. The level of loneliness negatively correlated with the social support provided by children, brothers and sisters, other relatives, and neighbours. Also, there was a negative correlation with the social support satisfaction. The social support satisfaction and the social support offered by neighbours and relatives were the significant predictors of loneliness. Conclusion: The sources of social support, such as neighbours and relatives, and the social support satisfaction should be considered when planning intervention by nurses or social workers to decrease the level of loneliness in elderly women living alone.

• 정신신체의학
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.173-180
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• 2019

연구목적 외로움은 정신 및 신체 건강과 관련이 있다고 알려져 있다. 하지만 우리나라에서 독거노인의 외로움에 영향을 주는 위험 요인에 대해서는 연구된 바가 거의 없다. 본 연구는 독거노인에서 외로움의 위험 요인을 확인하고자 하였다. 방 법 본 연구는 천안시에 거주하는 독거노인 1,091명을 대상자로 시행되었다. 훈련된 간호사외 면담과 외로움 척도, 인구사회학적 정보, 신체 건강상태(Cumulative illness rating scale, CIRS), 인지기능, 단축형 노인우울척도(SGDS-K) 등의 자가설문지를 통해 조사하였다. 통계분석은 인구학적 변인과 외로움 척도 간의 관계를 탐색하기 위해 기술적 통계분석을 시행하였으며 외로움과 관련된 위험 인자를 확인하기 위해 단변량 및 다중회귀분석을 사용하였다. 결 과 전체 대상자의 평균 외로움 척도 점수는 3.8 (SD=1.7)이었다. 가족과의 만남(standardized β=0.115, p<0.001), 종교(standardized β=0.057, p=0.028), 친교 활동(standardized β=0.088, p=0.001), SGDS-K 점수(standardized β=0.502, p<0.001)가 독거노인의 외로움에 유의한 영향을 주었다. 결 론 독거노인에게 가족관계, 종교 및 친교 활동, 우울증은 외로움의 위험요인이 될 수 있다. 독거노인의 외로움을 줄이기 위한 개입은 가족관계와 사회활동을 개선, 유지하고 우울증을 조기발견 및 치료하는데 초점을 맞추어야 할 것이다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.319-327
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• 2014

본 연구는 노인의 고독감과 자살생각 정도를 확인하고, 성격유형에 따른 고독감과 자살생각의 차이를 확인하는데 목적이 있다. 일 지역의 노인정 및 사회복지관을 이용하는 만 65세 이상 노인 149명을 대상으로, 2013년 5월부터 6월까지 구조화된 설문지를 이용하여 자료를 수집하였다. 연구결과, 연구대상자의 고독감과 자살생각은 1점에서 4점의 범위 중 평균이 각각 2.0(${\pm}0.5$)점, 1.5(${\pm}0.6$)점으로 중위수 이하이고, 성격유형은 적극적 통합형이 67.1%로 가장 많으며, 다음은 의존적 수동형, 자기부정형, 실패과장형의 순이었다. 성격유형이 적극적 통합형인 노인의 고독감과 자살생각 평균이 실패과장형이거나 자기부정형인 노인보다 유의하게 낮고, 노인의 고독감과 자살생각은 유의한 양의 상관관계가 있었다. 본 연구는 노인의 성격유형에 따른 고독감과 자살생각의 차이를 확인함으로서 노인의 정신건강에 대한 이해를 도모하였다는 데에 의의가 있으며, 이러한 결과를 바탕으로 노인의 고독감과 자살생각을 감소시키기 위하여 성격유형을 고려한 차별화된 중재 프로그램이 개발 및 적용되어야 할 것이다.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.425-432
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• 2003

Purpose: To examine the relationships among loneliness, social support, and family function in elderly Korean. Method: The sample for this study were 290 elderly Korean who were at least 60 years of age. Data were collected by interview using the translated Korean versions of the Revised University of California Los Angels Loneliness Scale(RULS), Family APGAR, and Social Support Questionnaire 6. Result: Subjects were moderately lonely and had moderately functional families. Means for social support were 1.42 for network size and 4.09 for satisfaction. Subjects who lived with their spouses had a larger number of network members than who did not live with spouses. However, living with spouses was not associated with social support satisfaction. The level of loneliness was related negatively to the level of social support network, social support satisfaction and family function in this study. Social support satisfaction and Family function were the significant predictor of loneliness. Conclusion: The number of social supporter and satisfaction and family function should be considered in nursing intervention to decrease the level of loneliness in older adults. Further studies and efforts will be needed to reduce the level of loneliness in older adults.

• 한국노년학
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• 제39권3호
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• pp.451-465
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• 2019

본 연구의 목적은 외로움을 통제한 상태에서 독거와 우울의 관계가 유의미한지 분석하는 것이다. 본 연구의 자료는 춘천 지역 65세 이상 노인 조사자료 1,000명이며, 회귀분석을 활용한 경로분석을 통해 분석결과를 도출하였다. 본 연구의 주요 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 독거여부에 따라 외로움 수준은 유의미한 차이를 보이는 것으로 나타났다. 독거여부에 따라 외로움에 유의미한 차이가 나는 것은 독거노인의 경우 동거노인에 비해 친밀한 관계와의 접촉빈도가 적고, 이로 인해 소속감이나 친밀한 관계가 있다는 느낌을 받지 못하기 때문으로 보인다. 둘째, 외로움을 통제하는 경우 독거는 우울에 직접적인 영향을 주는 것은 아니지만 외로움을 매개로 한 간접적인 영향은 유의미한 것으로 나타났다.

• 가족자원경영과 정책
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.43-65
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• 2007

This research aims at finding out how spare time activity, relationships with their children and loneliness affect the satisfaction of life of elderly people who have no spouse. To begin, according to the survey, in the case of elderly people who have no spouse, male elderly people feel more loneliness, lower unification with their offspring, and do less activity in their spare time than female elderly people. The elderly people with a higher educational level, feel less loneliness and have a close relationship with their offspring. When elderly people believe in a religion, they participate in positive activities in their spare time and have a higher satisfaction of life. Secondly, the less the elderly people have for a monthly income, the more they feel a deep sense of isolation. However, if the elderly have a sufficient monthly income, they spend their spare time on positive activities and feel a higher sense of satisfaction in their lives. These results show that economic situation is an important factor for elderly people to maintain good mental health and a good quality of life. Thirdly, the loneliness of elderly people who have no spouse was influenced by whether the elderly people have children or not. If an elderly person loses their spouse through death, they can find themselves in a desperate situation and feeling very isolated. Most elderly people who have no spouse want to live with their offspring and depend on their sons and daughters economically and psychologically. However, the elderly people living alone have lower satisfaction of life because of economic and psychological problems. Therefore, the results shows that the life satisfaction of elderly people who have no spouse was influenced by living with their children and having a close relationship with them. The elderly people who have no spouse feel hopelessness and rely increasingly on their sons and daughters. The elderly people who don't have a sufficient monthly income not only feel more loneliness than other elderly people, but are also restricted in their spare time activities. It proves that the economic situation(monthly income) is also an important factor to maintain personal relationships.