• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.139-145
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• 2005

Artificial neural networks (ANNs), for a first time, were successfully developed for the modeling and prediction of solvent effects on rate constant of [2+2] cycloaddition reaction of diethyl azodicarboxylate with ethyl vinyl ether in various solvents with diverse chemical structures using quantitative structure-activity relationship. The most positive charge of hydrogen atom (q$^+$), dipole moment ($\mu$), the Hildebrand solubility parameter (${\delta}_H^2$) and total charges in molecule (q$_t$) are inputs and output of ANN is log k$_2$ . For evaluation of the predictive power of the generated ANN, the optimized network with 68 various solvents as training set was used to predict log k$_2$ of the reaction in 16 solvents in the prediction set. The results obtained using ANN was compared with the experimental values as well as with those obtained using multi-parameter linear regression (MLR) model and showed superiority of the ANN model over the regression model. Mean square error (MSE) of 0.0806 for the prediction set by MLR model should be compared with the value of 0.0275 for ANN model. These improvements are due to the fact that the reaction rate constant shows non-linear correlations with the descriptors.

• Korea journal of population studies
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.143-170
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• 2003

During the last few decades dramatic expansion of education occurred for women as well as men in Korea. Taking into account such a rapid expansion of education, this study examines trends in the effects of education on first occupational attainment among Korean women. Using the data from "the 4th Survey on Women's Employment," conducted by Korean Women's Development Institute in 2001, this study investigates the trends across three cohorts classified on the basis of the year of labor force entry after schooling: before 1980, 19801989, and 1990 or later. First, log-linear models are applied to the data to detect the temporal change in the overall association between education and first occupational attainment controlling for marginal distribution. The log-linear analysis shows that the strength of association between education and first occupation has declined over time. An additional analysis of OLS regression is conducted to see how the effects of each level of educational attainment on occupational prestige have changed across the three cohorts. The results of OLS regression suggest that the differences in prestige scores between the lowest and each of other educational levels are narrower in recent cohorts.t cohorts.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.787-796
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• 2002

Hydraulic flood routing was performed for unsteady flow in a natural river using Preissmann scheme. A Log-Pearson Type-Ⅲ hydrograph is chosen arbitrarily as the upstream boundary condition and lateral inflow hydrographs for sensitivity analysis. For the application with an actual river system, upstream and lateral inflow hydrographs were estimated by the linear reservoir model and the Manning's equation was used as the downstream boundary condition. The unsteady flow model using the linear reservoir model as the inflow hydrographs was applied to Bochung stream basin and gives good results, and is approved to be used for the runoff prediction. As results of the sensitivity analysis, the proposed model may help to estimate the roughness coefficients when using the unsteady flow model with lateral inflow combined with the linear reservoir model.

• Journal of Applied Reliability
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.45-51
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• 2014

Thermal shock tests at two stress levels were performed to see the life (cycles) of LPF ASSY (low pass filter assembly) at normal stress level. In this case Coffin-Manson relationship is generally used to describe the relationship between the temperature difference and the life, together with the Weibull distribution describing the life at each stress level. So for given data Coffin-Manson is fitted to predict the life at normal stress level. However, different types of models are appropriate for this type of test. Hence, a more appropriate model such as General log-linear model which can also incorporate the duration at the highest and lowest temperatures and acceleration time will be introduced.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.38 no.6
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• pp.550-560
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• 2012

Objectives: QSAR methodology was applied to explain two different sets of acceptable daily intake (ADI) data of 74 pesticides proposed by both the USEPA and WHO in terms of setting guidelines for food and drinking water. Methods: A subset of calculated descriptors was selected from Dragon$^{(R)}$ software. QSARs were then developed utilizing a statistical technique, genetic algorithm-multiple linear regression (GA-MLR). The differences in each specific model in the prediction of the ADI of the pesticides were discussed. Results: The stepwise multiple linear regression analysis resulted in a statistically significant QSAR model with five descriptors. Resultant QSAR models were robust, showing good utility across multiple classes of pesticide compounds. The applicability domain was also defined. The proposed models were robust and satisfactory. Conclusions: The QSAR model could be a feasible and effective tool for predicting ADI and for the comparison of logADIEPA to logADIWHO. The statistical results agree with the fact that USEPA focuses on more subtle endpoints than does WHO.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.98 no.2
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• pp.148-155
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• 2009

The objective of this study is to know market structures of softwood logs being imported to South Korea from log producing countries. Import demand of softwood logs imported to South Korea from America, New Zealand and Chile is fixed as a function of log prices, the lagged dependent variable and output. On the basis of the adaptive expectations model, linear regression models that the explanatory variables included and the lagged dependent variable were estimated by Seemingly Unrelated Regression Equations (SURE). The short-run and long-run own price elasticity of America's softwood log import demand is -1.738 and -4.250 respectively. Then long-run elasticity is much higher than short-run elasticity. Short-run and long-run crosselasticity of New Zealand's softwood log import demand with respect to American's softwood log import price are inelastic at 0.505 and 0.883 respectively. Short-run and long-run cross-elasticity of Chile's softwood log import demands with respect to American's softwood log import prices were highly elastic at 2.442 and 4.462 respectively. Long-run elasticity was almost twice as high as short-run elasticity.

• Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.88-96
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• 1996

This study was conducted to establish model between lead and ZPP concentration in blood of workers exposed to lead. Workers employed in secondary smelting manufacturing industry showed $85.1{\mu}g/dl$ of blood lead level, exceeding $60{\mu}g/dl$, the Criteria for Removal defined by Occupational Safety and Health Act of Korea. Average blood lead level of workers in the battery manufacturing industry was $51.3{\mu}g/dl$, locating between $40{\mu}g/dl$ and $60{\mu}g/dl$, the Criteria for Requiring Medical Removal. Blood lead level of in the litharge and radiator manufacturing industry was below $40{\mu}g/dl$, the Criteria Requiring Temporary Medical Removal. Blood lead levels of workers by industry were Significantly different(p<0.05). 50(21 %) showed blood lead levels above $60{\mu}g/dl$, the Criteria for Removal and 66(27.7 %) showed blood lead levels between the Criteria for Requiring Medical Removal, $40-60{\mu}g/dl$. Thus, approximately 50 percent of workers indicated blood lead levels above $40{\mu}g/dl$, the Criteria Requiring Temporary Medical Removal and should receive medical examination and consultation including biological monitoring. Average ZPP level of workers employed in the secondary smelting industry was $186.2{\mu}g/dl$, exceeding above $150{\mu}g/dl$, the Criteria for Removal. Seventy seven of all workers(32.3 %) showed ZPP level above $100-150{\mu}g/dl$, the Criteria for Requiring Medical Removal. The most appropriate model for predicting ZPP in blood was log-linear regression model. Log linear regression models between lead and ZPP concentrations in blood was Log ZPP(${\mu}g/dl$) = -0.2340 + 1.2270 Log Pb-B(${\mu}g/dl$)(standard error of estimate: 0,089, ${\gamma}^2=0.4456$, n=238, P=0.0001), Blood-in-lead explained 44.56 % of the variance in log(ZPP in blood).

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.28 no.1B
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• pp.55-64
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• 2008

The evidence of changes in the climate system is obvious in the world. Nevertheless, at the current techniques for flood frequency analysis, the flood distribution can not reflect climate change or long-term climate cycles. Using a linear regression and a Mann-Kendall test, trends in annual maximum precipitation and flood data for several major gauging sites were evaluated. Moreover, this research considered incorporating flood trends by climate change effects in flood frequency analyses. For five rainfall gauging sites (Seoul, Incheon, Ulleungdo, Jeonju, and Gangneung), upward trends were observed in all gauged annual maximum precipitation records but they were not statistically significant. For three streamflow gauging sites (Andong Dam, Soyanggang Dam, and Daecheong Dam), upward trends were also observed in all gauged annual maximum flood records, but only the flood at Andong Dam was statistically significant. A log-normal trend model was introduced to reflect the observed linear trends in annual maximum flood series and applied to estimate flood frequency and risk for Andong Dam and Soyanggang Dam. As results, when the target year was 2005, 50-year floods of the log-normal trend model were 41% and 21% larger then those of a log-normal model for Andong Dam and Soyanggang Dam, respectively. Moreover, the estimated floods of the log-normal trend model increases as the target year increases.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.59 no.2
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• pp.3.1-3.7
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• 2017

Background: The modelling of lactation curve provides guidelines in formulating farm managerial practices in dairy cows. The aim of the present study was to determine the suitable non-linear model which most accurately fitted to lactation curves of five lactations in 134 Gir crossbred cows reared in Research-CumDevelopment Project (RCDP) on Cattle farm, MPKV (Maharashtra). Four models viz. gamma-type function, quadratic model, mixed log function and Wilmink model were fitted to each lactation separately and then compared on the basis of goodness of fit measures viz. adjusted $R^2$, root mean square error (RMSE), Akaike's Informaion Criteria (AIC) and Bayesian Information Criteria (BIC). Results: In general, highest milk yield was observed in fourth lactation whereas it was lowest in first lactation. Among the models investigated, mixed log function and gamma-type function provided best fit of the lactation curve of first and remaining lactations, respectively. Quadratic model gave least fit to lactation curve in almost all lactations. Peak yield was observed as highest and lowest in fourth and first lactation, respectively. Further, first lactation showed highest persistency but relatively higher time to achieve peak yield than other lactations. Conclusion: Lactation curve modelling using gamma-type function may be helpful to setting the management strategies at farm level, however, modelling must be optimized regularly before implementing them to enhance productivity in Gir crossbred cows.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1992.10b
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• pp.272-275
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• 1992

A novel fault diagnosis method based on likelihood decomposition is proposed for linear stochastic systems described by autoregressive (AR) model. Assuming that at some time instant .tau. the fault of one of the following two types is occurs: innovation fault (actuator fault); and observation fault (sensor fault), the log-likelihood function is decomposed into two components based on the observations before and after .tau., respectively, Then, the type of the fault is determined by comparing the log-likelihoods corresponding two types of faults. Numerical examples demonstrate the usefulness of the proposed diagnosis method.