• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
• /
• v.9 no.2
• /
• pp.312-320
• /
• 1992

Radiotherapeutically, nasopharyngeal cancer is an important disease in korea. Because of its blind anatomic location, early detection is relatively uncommon. Clinically, most of cases are locally advanced and nodal involvement are common. Recently better understanding of nature of the disease and improvement of radio-therapy technique permit better treatment results, including locoregional control and survival rate, and minimal normal tissue damages comparing with previously published data. We analyzed 31 patients of pathologically proven and previously untreated naso-pharyngeal carcinoma with different treatment techniques, retrospectively. Minimal and maximal follow up period of the survuor is 6 months and 68 months, respectively. Thirteen patients with squamous cell carcinoma are included in this analysis. The median age is 49 years(range from 20 to 64 years). Twenty two patients are stage III. Eleven patients are treated with radiotherapy alone and 20 are treated with comblined modalities treatment. The degree of responses after radiotherapy are categorized by 3-classes, i.e. complete response, partial response. In spite of simioarities of complete response rate and 1-year survival rate between two different treatment techniques, those patients with undifferentiated carcinoma appear to benefit from the adjuvant chemotherapy. In addition, systemic failure is more prominant in radiotherapy alone group than in combined modalities treatment group. These results suggest that adjuvant therapy in the radiotherapeutic management of nasopharyngeal cancers needs additional research according to histologic types and future extensive clinical trials.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.13 no.5
• /
• pp.303-310
• /
• 2013

Thyroid nodular disease is the most frequently appeared in thyroid disease. Thyroid ultrasonography offers location of nodules, size, the number, information of internal echo characteristic. Thus, it makes possible to sort high-risk nodule containing high possibility about thyroid cancer and to induct precisely when take a Fine Needle Biopsy Aspiration. On thyroid nodule, the case which is diagnosed as malignant is less than 5% but screening test is very important on ultrasound and also must be reduced unnecessary procedure. Therefore, in this study an approach for describing a region is to quantity its texture content. We applied TFA algorithm on case which has been pathologically diagnosed as papillary thyroid cancer. we obtained experiment image which set the ROI on ultrasound and cut the $50{\times}50$ pixel size, histogram equalization. Consequently, Disease recognition detection efficiency of GLavg, SKEW, UN, ENT parameter were high as 91~100%. It is suggestion about possibility on CAD which distinguishes thyroid nodule. In addition, it will be helpful to differential diagnosis of thyroid nodule. If the study on additional parameter algorithm is continuously progressed from now on, it is able to arrange practical base on CAD and it is possible to apply various disease in the thyroid US.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.11 no.8
• /
• pp.2983-2988
• /
• 2010

The train control system used in Gyeongbu-line is classified in ATC, IXL and CTC. Domestic railway signaling systems are being developed by electrification. In these systems the electrification of interlocking reaches 57% and the safety equipments of railway crossings in trackside devices have completed their development into an integrated system. Block systems of all the existing sections have not yet electrified and integrated so that they need a number of complement in terms of construction and maintenance. For ABS currently used in existing domestic lines, and LEU being installed in Gyeongbu and Honam lines, although a train is controlled by the signaling information of the same train in the same location, the system is separately installed so that the same information is separately divided and transmitted at the each distinct system. Therefore, in the conventional ABS and LEU, there are a lot of duplicate installed compartments such as lamp detection and a power supply unit. Hence, we have a lot of problems: for maintenance, a lot of manpower and costs need to be invested and the overall manufacturing costs get higher, as well as the construction costs by duplicate. Therefore, this paper suggest design to develop an integrated electronic Block Control Unit by the integration of the currently used ABS, and communication and electronic technology. We are to monitor and manage the block systems in the corresponding station by integrating. And we are to transmit information together with LEU, which is an ATS wayside transmitter.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
• /
• v.8 no.11
• /
• pp.1449-1461
• /
• 2005

In this paper, we propose a vehicle recognition system based on the classification of vehicle identification mark and recognition of vehicle license plate. In the proposed algorithm, From the input vehicle image, we first simulate preprocessing procedures such as noise reduction, thinning etc., and detect vehicle identification mark and license plate region using the frequency distribution of intensity variation. And then, we classify extracted vehicle candidate region into identification mark, character and number of vehicle by using structural feature informations of vehicle. Lastly, we recognize vehicle informations with recognition of identification mark, character and number of vehicle using hybrid and vertical/horizontal pattern vector method. In the proposed algorithm, we used three properties of vehicle informations such as Independency property, discriminance property and frequency distribution of intensity variation property. In the vehicle images, identification mark is generally independent of the types of vehicle and vehicle identification mark. And also, the license plate region between character and background as well as horizontal/vertical intensity variations are more noticeable than other regions. To show the efficiency of the propofed algorithm, we tested it on 350 vehicle images and found that the propofed method shows good Performance regardless of irregular environment conditions as well as noise, size, and location of vehicles.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
• /
• v.37B no.9
• /
• pp.778-786
• /
• 2012

Sensors that are used on wireless sensor networks can be divided into two types: directional sensors, such as PIR, image, and electromagnetic sensors; and non-directional sensors, such as seismic, acoustic and magnetic sensors. In order to guarantee the line-of-sight of a directional sensor, the installation location of the sensor must be higher than ground level. Among non-directional sensors, seismic sensors should be installed on the ground in order to ensure the maximal performance. As a result, seismic sensors may have network connectivity problems due to communication failure. In this paper, we propose a 3D node deployment method to maximize the coverage and the network connectivity considering the sensor-specific properties. The proposed method is for non-directional sensors to be placed on the ground, while the directional sensor is installed above the ground, using trees or poles, to maximize the coverage. As a result, through the topology that the detection data from non-directional sensors are transmitted to the directional sensor, we can maximize the network connectivity. Simulation results show that our strategy improves sensor coverage and network connectivity.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
• /
• v.46 no.3
• /
• pp.439-446
• /
• 2014

An amphibious inspection robot system (hereafter AIROS) is being developed to visually inspect the in-containment refueling storage water tank (hereafter IRWST) strainer in APR1400 instead of a human diver. Four IRWST strainers are located in the IRWST, which is filled with boric acid water. Each strainer has 108 sub-assembly strainer fin modules that should be inspected with the VT-3 method according to Reg. guide 1.82 and the operation manual. AIROS has 6 thrusters for submarine voyage and 4 legs for walking on the top of the strainer. An inverse kinematic algorithm was implemented in the robot controller for exact walking on the top of the IRWST strainer. The IRWST strainer has several top cross braces that are extruded on the top of the strainer, which can be obstacles of walking on the strainer, to maintain the frame of the strainer. Therefore, a robot leg should arrive at the position beside the top cross brace. For this reason, we used an image processing technique to find the top cross brace in the sole camera image. The sole camera image is processed to find the existence of the top cross brace using the cross edge detection algorithm in real time. A 5-DOF robot arm that has multiple camera modules for simultaneous inspection of both sides can penetrate narrow gaps. For intuitive presentation of inspection results and for management of inspection data, inspection images are stored in the control PC with camera angles and positions to synthesize and merge the images. The synthesized images are then mapped in a 3D CAD model of the IRWST strainer with the location information. An IRWST strainer mock-up was fabricated to teach the robot arm scanning and gaiting. It is important to arrive at the designated position for inserting the robot arm into all of the gaps. Exact position control without anchor under the water is not easy. Therefore, we designed the multi leg robot for the role of anchoring and positioning. Quadruped robot design of installing sole cameras was a new approach for the exact and stable position control on the IRWST strainer, unlike a traditional robot for underwater facility inspection. The developed robot will be practically used to enhance the efficiency and reliability of the inspection of nuclear power plant components.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
• /
• v.9 no.4
• /
• pp.193-199
• /
• 2009

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinicopathologic features, treatment outcomes, and prognostic factors of gastric cancer based on 14 years' experience in a single medical center, and to compare treatment outcomes with a previous study. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively studied 2,327 patients who were operated on for gastric cancer between 1993 and 2006 at Korea University Hospital. Results: The resection rate was 92.8% and curative resection was achieved for 1,960 (90.8%) patients. The 5-year survival rate was 70.0% for all patients undergoing resection and 79.2% for patients undergoing curative resection. The 5-year survival rate was 1.5% for unresected cases. Age, tumor size, location of the tumor, gross tumor type, depth of tumor invasion, lymph node involvement, distant metastasis, tumor stage, combined resection, complications, histology, and type of operation each had prognostic significance on univariate analysis. On multivariate analysis, lymph node involvement, depth of invasion, venous invasion, and age were independent prognostic factors. Conclusion: The 5-year survival rate for patients who underwent curative resection was 79.2%. Depth of invasion, lymph node involvement, venous invasion, and age were independent prognostic factors. The fact that tumor stage is the most important prognostic factor after curative resection, increases the importance of early detection.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
• /
• v.15 no.2
• /
• pp.149-162
• /
• 2005

This paper suggest a way to detect a specific wanted figure in public places such as subway stations and banks by comparing color face images extracted from the real time CCTV with the face images of designated specific figures. Assuming that the characteristic of the surveillance camera allows the face information in screens to change arbitrarily and to contain information on numerous faces, the accurate detection of the face area was focused. To solve this problem, the normalization work using subsampling with $20{\times}20$ pixels on arbitrary face images, which is based on the Perceptron Neural Network model suggested by R. Rosenblatt, created the effect of recogning the whole face. The optimal linear filter and the histogram shaper technique were employed to minimize the outside interference such as lightings and light. The addition operation of the egg-shaped masks was added to the pre-treatment process to minimize unnecessary work. The images finished with the pre-treatment process were divided into three reception fields and the information on the specific location of eyes, nose, and mouths was determined through the neural network. Furthermore, the precision of results was improved by constructing the three single-set network system with different initial values in a row.

• Composites Research
• /
• v.24 no.1
• /
• pp.24-30
• /
• 2011

Low-velocity impact can cause various damages which are mostly hidden inside the laminates or occur in the opposite side. Thus, these damages cannot be easily detected by visual inspection or conventional NDT systems. And if they occurred between the scheduled NDT periods, the possibilities of extensive damages or structural failure can be higher. Due to these reasons, the built-in NDT systems such as real-time impact monitoring system are required in the near future. In this paper, we studied the impact monitoring system consist of impact location detection and damage assessment techniques for composite flat and stiffened panel. In order to acquire the impact-induced acoustic signals, four multiplexed FBG sensors and high-speed FBG interrogator were used. And for development of the impact and damage occurrence detections, the neural networks and wavelet transforms were adopted. Finally, these algorithms were embodied using MATLAB and LabVIEW software for the user-friendly interface.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
• /
• v.10 no.5
• /
• pp.299-305
• /
• 2016

Despite of the development of medical equipments and technology. Pancreatic cancer has maked high false positive rate and low survival rate compared to other cancers. Therefore, early catch of pancreatic cancer is the only way to enhance the viability. It is important to find the exact location of the pancreas cancer in early stage. The method of optimum scan for early detection of pancreatic cancer on PET/CT exam is proposed. Examined the anatomical region that potentially can be missing from the supine position of ordinary pet/ct exam. The characteristics and usefulness of angle variation ($0^{\circ}$, $30^{\circ}$, $45^{\circ}$, $60^{\circ}$, $90^{\circ}$) of patients scan position is analyzed. The proposed scan method (named JJ-projection) is bringing advantage of anatomical discrimination by separating stomach, liver, gallbladder duodenum and pancreas. ROC curve analysis is shows to advantage of the JJ-Projection method. The sensitivity has increased 4.6% than the supine delay scan method, the results sensitivity has increased from 91% to 95.2%. The specificity has increased from 75.1% to 84%. Compared with the results observed in cancer by biological biopsy, The accuracy has increased from 86.8% to 94.1%.