• Electronic Materials Letters
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.766-773
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• 2018

In this paper, temperature dependence of the excitonic bands in a mechanically exfoliated tungsten diselenide ($WSe_2$) monolayer is studied using photoluminescence and circular dichroic photoluminescence (PL) in the temperature range between 8 and 300 K. The peak energies associated with the neutral exciton (A), charged exciton (trion) and localized excitons are extracted from the PL spectra revealing a trion binding energy of around 30 meV. The circular dichroic PL measured at 8 K shows about 45% valley polarisation that sharply reduces with increasing temperature to 5% at 300 K with photoexcitation energy of 1.96 eV. A detailed analysis of the emission line-width suggests that the rapid decrease of valley polarisation with the increase of temperature is caused by the strong exciton-phonon interactions which efficiently scatter the excitons into different excitonic states that are easily accessible due to the supply of excess photoexcitation energy. The emission line-width broadening with the increase of temperature indicate residual exciton dephasing lifetime < 100 fs, that correlates with the observed rapid valley depolarisation.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제21권8호
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• pp.769-773
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• 2000

The dependence of photoluminescence (PL) and photoluminescence itation (PLE) on preparation condi-tions and the aging of porous silicon carbide (PSC) have been investigatted. The fiber size of the material pre-pared under dark-current mode, labele d DCM, was larger than that of the photoassisted (PA)process.The intensity of the PL spectrum for the PA condition was higher than that of the DCM condition. The PA condition giving small fiber size exhibited amore prominent high-energy component but the emission bands of both con-ditionsobserved were rather similar. The origin of the PL may have played an importantrole in the surface defect center introduced by the reaction conditions ofHFatthe surface of the silicon carbide. Selective excita-tion of the PL bandsusingdifferent excitation wavelengths has been used to identify distinct componentswith-in the PL bandwidth. Two main PL bands with peak wavelength of494 and534 nm were clearly resolved. On the other hand, selectivc emission of the PLEbands using different emission wavelengths has been used to identify distinct components within the PLE bandwidth. The higher energy band with peak wavelength of 338 nm and the lower energy bands involving 390,451 and 500 nm were clearly resolved. According to the pro-ionged aging in air, PL spectra appearedasone band, This emission probably originated from states localized to the band-to-band recombination due to the oxidation on the crystallite surface.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제20권10호
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• pp.1136-1144
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• 1999

The collision-induced reaction of gas-phase atomic hydrogen with hydrogen atoms chemisorbed on a silicon (001)-(2×1) surface is studied by use of the classical trajectory approach. The model is based on reaction zone atoms interacting with a finite number of primary system silicon atoms, which then are coupled to the heat bath, i.e., the bulk solid phase. The potential energy of the Hads‥Hgas interaction is the primary driver of the reaction, and in all reactive collisions, there is an efficient flow of energy from this interaction to the Hads-Si bond. All reactive events occur on a subpicosecond scale, following the Eley-Rideal mechanism. These events occur in a localized region around the adatom site on the surface. The reaction probability shows the maximum near 700K as the gas temperature increases, but it is nearly independent of the surface temperature up to 700 K. Over the surface temperature range of 0-700 K and gas temperature range of 300 to 2500 K, the reaction probability lies at about 0.1. The reaction energy available for the product states is small, and most of this energy is carried away by the desorbing H2 in its translational and vibrational motions. The Langevin equation is used to consider energy exchange between the reaction zone and the bulk solid phase.

• 센서학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.262-265
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• 2019

The effect of inter-band transition on surface plasmon resonance in gold thin film was investigated. We induced localized inter-band transition in the film by using incident light on its surface from a green laser (532 nm) source, and the surface plasmon resonance for inter-band transition was investigated at different wavelengths. It was determined that the reflectivity of blue light (450 nm) was significantly reduced in the region where the green laser was incident. We demonstrated that this decrease is mainly due to the coupling between the blue light and the surface plasmon resonance of excited electrons in higher energy states, based on experimental results for the incident and polarization angle-dependent reflectivity of the blue light.

• 국제교류와 융합교육
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.85-111
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• 2024

핀란드 교육은 2001년 PISA 발표 이래 계속 한국 교육의 경쟁자 또는 지향점이었다. 그러나 최근 우리 교육계에 나타나고 있는 분열과 대립, 그리고 불행의 지표들을 보면, 핀란드의 행복교육과는 거리가 너무도 멀다. 이런 배경에서 본 연구의 목적은 한국 학술지에 나타난 핀란드 교육관련 연구동향을 분석하는 것으로, RISS에서 논문 제목에 핀란드와 교육이 들어간 논문 160편을 대상으로 네트워크 텍스트 분석을 실시하였다. 주요 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 핀란드 교육에 대한 연구는 점진적으로 증가하고 있다. 그러나 최근 감소세를 보였다. 둘째, 연구주제는 대부분 미시적이었으며 연구방법은 문헌연구 위주였다. 셋째, 소수의 연구자가 전체 연구의 1/3을 출판했다. 넷째, 핀란드와 함께 비교된 나라는 일본, 미국, 영국, 호주, 싱가포르 등 주로 신자유주의적 국가였다. 다섯째, 연구 주제와 대상이 주로 초중등, 수학·과학 등 PISA의 영향권에 있었다. 향후 핀란드 교육관련 연구에서는 지엽적이고 부분적인 영역에 대한 연구를 넘어 종합적인 관점에서 핀란드의 행복교육을 이루어온 과정과 역사에 대한 체제적 연구를 통해 우리가 배워야 할 시사점을 도출하는 후속 연구가 필요하다. 특히, 문헌연구 위주의 방법을 벗어나 핀란드 교육 커뮤니티와 온라인으로 연계하여 실제 교사, 학부모, 학생 그리고 지역협의회와 정부 관계자들이 함께 논의하고 연구하는 국제공동논의의 장을 만드는 것도 고려되어야 할 것이다.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2015년도 제49회 하계 정기학술대회 초록집
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• pp.76.1-76.1
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• 2015

Optical resonances of metallic or dielectric nanoantennas enable to effectively convert free-propagating electromagnetic waves to localized electromagnetic fields and vice versa. Plasmonic resonances of metal nanoantennas extremely modify the local density of optical states beyond the optical diffraction limit and thus facilitate highly-efficient light-emitting, nonlinear signal conversion, photovoltaics, and optical trapping. The leaky-mode resonances, or termed Mie resonances, allow dielectric nanoantennas to have a compact size even less than the wavelength scale. The dielectric nanoantennas exhibiting low optical losses and supporting both electric and magnetic resonances provide an alternative to their metallic counterparts. To extend the utility of metal and dielectric nanoantennas in further applications, e.g. metasurfaces and metamaterials, it is required to understand and engineer their scattering characteristics. At first, we characterize resonant plasmonic antenna radiations of a single-crystalline Ag nanowire over a wide spectral range from visible to near infrared regions. Dark-field optical microscope and direct far-field scanning measurements successfully identify the FP resonances and mode matching conditions of the antenna radiation, and reveal the mutual relation between the SPP dispersion and the far-field antenna radiation. Secondly, we perform a systematical study on resonant scattering properties of high-refractive-index dielectric nanoantennas. In this research, we examined Si nanoblock and electron-beam induced deposition (EBID) carbonaceous nanorod structures. Scattering spectra of the transverse-electric (TE) and transverse-magnetic (TM) leaky-mode resonances are measured by dark-field microscope spectroscopy. The leaky-mode resonances result a large scattering cross section approaching the theoretical single-channel scattering limit, and their wide tuning ranges enable vivid structural color generation over the full visible spectrum range from blue to green, yellow, and red. In particular, the lowest-order TM01 mode overcomes the diffraction limit. The finite-difference time-domain method and modal dispersion model successfully reproduce the experimental results.

• JSTS:Journal of Semiconductor Technology and Science
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.360-369
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• 2012

The causes of showing different subthreshold slopes (SS) in programmed and erased states for two different charge trap flash (CTF) memory devices, SONOS type flash memory with gate-all-around (GAA) structure and TANOS type NAND flash memory with planar structure were investigated. To analyze the difference in SSs, TCAD simulation and low-frequency noise (LFN) measurement were fulfilled. The device simulation was performed to compare SSs considering the gate electric field effect to the channel and to check the localized trapped charge distribution effect in nitride layer while the comparison of noise power spectrum was carried out to inspect the generation of interface traps ($N_{IT}$). When each cell in the measured two memory devices is erased, the normalized LFN power is increased by one order of magnitude, which is attributed to the generation of $N_{IT}$ originated by the movement of hydrogen species ($h^*$) from the interface. As a result, the SS is degraded for the GAA SONOS memory device when erased where the $N_{IT}$ generation is a prominent factor. However, the TANOS memory cell is relatively immune to the SS degradation effect induced by the generated $N_{IT}$.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.289-294
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• 1978

흑연과 산화알루미늄(Alucer) 표면에 흡착된 벤젠이나 p-크실렌분자가 submonolayer 영역에서 어떤 흡착상태를 이루고 있는가를 이론적으로 살펴보기 위하여, 이들 흡착질 분자를 2차원 기체와 조화진동자의 두가지 모형으로 가정하고 통계열역학적으로 흡착엔트로피를 계산하여 실험치와 비교하였다. 그 결과 벤젠은 흑연표면에서 조화진동 운동을 하며, 산화알루미늄 표면에서는 비편재된 상태에 있다는 것을 알게 되었다. 흡착제 표면에서 흡착된 분자가 조화진동 운동을 한다고 가정할 경우 조절가능한 파라미터로 도입된 분자진동수는 $10^{11}\;sec^{-1}$로서 대단히 합리적인 값을 얻었다. p-크실렌분자가 흑연이나 산화알루미늄 표면에 흡착될 때는 단분자층이 이루어지기 훨씬 전에 비정상적인 값들이 나타난다.

• 한국진공학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.14-24
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• 1996

We have investigated atomic and electronic structures of a clean Pd(111) surface using low energy electron diffraction (LEED) and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES). A typical clean LEED pattern with a 3-fold symmetry has been observed, corresponding to that for an fcc (111) surface. ARPES measurements have been performed along the $\Gamma-M,\Gamma-K,\Gamma-M$TEX> symmetry lines, from which the experimental band structure of Pd(111) has been determined. The experimental band structure and work function of Pd(111) surface are found to agree well with the calculated band structure of bulk Pd and the calculated work function of Pd(111), respectively. However, the peak positions in the experimental band structure are located closer to the Fermi level than in the theoretical band structure by 0.1~0.8 eV, depending on the $\kappa$-points in the Brillouin zone. In additin, the experimental band widths are narrower than the theoretical band widths by about 0.5eV. The effects of the localized surface Pd 4d states and the Coulomb interaction between Pd 4d bulk electrons have been discussed as possible origins of such discrepancies between experiment and theory.

• 한국측량학회지
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.153-159
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• 2016

Rivers refer to either natural or artificial structures whose primary functions are flood control and water conservation. Due to recent localized torrential downpours led by climate change, large amounts of eroded soil have been carried away, forming deposits downstream, which in turn degrades the capacity to fulfill these functions. To manage rivers more effectively, we need data on riverbed erosion and deposition. However, environmental factors make it challenging to take measurements in rivers, and data errors tend to prevent researchers from grasping the current state of erosions and deposits. In this context, the aim of the present study is to provide basic data required for river management. To this end, the author made annual measurements with a Real-time Kinematic-Global Positioning System (RTK-GPS) and a total station in Pats Cabin Canyon, Oregon, United States, and also prepared thematic maps of erosion and deposition thickness as well as water depth profiles based on a GIS spatial analysis. Furthermore, the author statistically analyzed the accuracy of three dimensional (3D) measurement points and only used the data that falls within two standard deviations (i.e. ±2σ). In addition, the author determined a threshold for a DEM of Difference (DoD) by installing measurement points in the rivers and taking measurements, and then estimated erosion and deposition thickness within a confidence interval of ±0.1m. Based on the results, the author established reliable data on river depth profiles and thematic maps of erosion and deposition thickness using pre-determined work flows. It is anticipated that the riverbed data can be utilized for effective river management.