• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.967-976
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• 2021

This study aimed to investigate the mechanism by which service companies transfer their services overseas and create new value while interacting with local characteristics. A narrative analysis method was used in a case study of Ajisen Ramen, a Japanese service company that created a Japanese-style ramen restaurant, which experienced rapid growth in China. This study analyzed the restaurant as global service innovation and constructed a causal mechanism to explain the resulting rapid growth. In the pre-entry stage, the tangible value source core service facilitated its successful overseas transfer. In the post-entry stage, value source core service standardization and value sharing were interrelated and locally accepted factors. Knowledge of the local characteristics influenced the local storefront format that allowed contact with local customers. This local front format made it possible to offer local customers new value. The global service innovation mechanism developed through this study reflects a causal diagram that correlated the theoretical concepts of these events.

• Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.61 no.3
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• pp.813-823
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• 2024

In this paper, we prove that every 2-local derivation on several classes of C^*-algebras, such as unital properly infinite, type I or residually finite-dimensional C^*-algebras, is a derivation. We show that the following statements are equivalent: (1) every 2-local derivation on a C^*-algebra is a derivation, (2) every 2-local derivation on a unital primitive antiliminal and no properly infinite C^*-algebra is a derivation. We also show that every 2-local derivation on a group C^*-algebra C^*(𝔽) or a unital simple infinite-dimensional quasidiagonal C^*-algebra, which is stable finite antiliminal C^*-algebra, is a derivation.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.285-288
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• 2010

Purpose: Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans is a rare tumor, accounting for 0.1% of all malignant tumors. Although metastasis is very uncommon, local recurrence occur frequently. Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans occurring in children is even more rare; this is the first case report of congenital dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans in Korea. Methods: The patient is a 14-month-old male infant with a lesion that was first thought to be a birthmark. The lesion grew larger, and a punch biopsy revealed dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans. A wide local excision was performed with a 2 cm peripheral resection margin beyond the gross tumor lesion. Deep fascia and a portion of muscle underneath the central part of the lesion were also taken. The surgical defect was covered by a split-thickness skin graft. Results: There has been no clinical sign of recurrence over one year after the surgery. Conclusion: A patient with congenital dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans detected at an early stage underwent a wide local excision of the tumor after accurate diagnosis was carried out by biopsy and immunohistochemical studies. There was no clinical evidence of tumor recurrence during over a 1-year follow-up.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.187-194
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• 2001

For the purpose of predicting air pollutants concentration in Pusan coastal urban, we used an Eulerian model of flow and dispersion/chemistry/deposition process considering SST effects which estimate through POM. The results of air quality model including emission from various sources show that the seasonal variation pattern of respective pollutants was affected by the seasonal SST fields and local circulation. Horizontal deviation of diurnal SST was 2.5~4K, especially large gradients in coastal region. Through numerical simulation of wind fields we predicted that local circulation prevailed during daytime in summer and nighttime in winter. So high concentration distribution showed toward inland in spring and summer seasons, while high concentration distribution showed at inland near coast in autumn and winter.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 1995.10a
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• pp.210-214
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• 1995

Research on concrete-filled steel columns has been conducted. It is also well known that the load and deformation capacity of concrete-filled steel columns are considerable larger than those of widely used reinforced concrete columns and steel encased concrete columns because the concrete core in the steel is confined laterally by the steel. But, most of these works focused on columns with strength enhancement by the confinement effect, so that no local buckling prevented by the concrete. columns because the concrete core in the steel is confined laterally by the steel. But, most of these works focused on columns with strength enhancement by the confinement effect, so that no local buckling prevented by the concrete. This paper, therefore, presents on the stress-strain relation of a concrete filled rectangular steel tube under axial compression. As the results, the axial load verse average axial strain relationship of concrete-filled rectangular steel columns were very stable. The small B/t ratios in concrete-filled rectangular steel columns aren't affected prevention of local buckling but strength enhancement by confinement effect.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.65-72
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• 2004

Environmental risk assessment of cadmium compounds was conducted using national monitoring data of aquatic and terrestrial compartments of local area. Aquatic and terrestrial toxicities of cadmium compounds on algae, daphnid, fish, earthworm, springtails and other species were evaluated. The toxicity data evaluated in this study were mainly from ECOTOX database provided by US EPA. Assessment factors were determined according to the EU technical guidance document and/or OECD proposal. Predicted no effect concentration (PNEC) values of aquatic and terrestrial toxicity were 25$\mu\textrm{g}$/L and 0.2 mg/kg, respectively and they were compared with cadmium exposure data of several local areas, which were used as Predicted exposure concentration(PEC) values. Most of the local area were found to be not risky. However, the risk values (PEC/NEC) of some metropolitan areas were greater than 1 when the most conservative PNEC value was applied.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.153-157
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• 2012

Purpose: There has been no definite consensus on standard treatment, either local or systemic, for the Kaposi's sarcoma (KS). Radiotherapy (RT) can be a good local therapeutic choice especially in non-AIDS associated KS (NAKS) for its indolent behavior. Materials and Methods: Medical records of 17 KS patients treated with RT at the Seoul National University Hospital from February 1998 to January 2012 were retrospectively reviewed. One human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)+ patient with 3 lesions was excluded. The total number of the lesion was 23 among the 16 patients. The median follow-up period was 27.9 months. Correlation between response and variables was analyzed using the logistic regression model. Median age of the patients was 75 years. All the 23 lesions were located at the extremities. Fourteen (61%) of those had pain or local swelling as the initial presentation. Ten patients had possible causes of immunodeficiency and were regarded as iatrogenic, and other 6 were classic KS. Median dose of RT was 36 Gy. Results: No KS-related death was observed. Excluding 2 with short-term follow-up only, complete response and partial response were obtained in 2 (9%) and 19 (73%) lesions, respectively. Of those, 3 lesions underwent local progression. Six had out-of-field recurrence after RT. Symptom improvement was achieved in 13 (93%) of 14 patients. Grade 2 skin toxicities were found in 9 lesions but all got improvement after treatment. When divided into responsive and progressive group, free from progression was not related to any of the possible variables. Conclusion: RT is effective in local control of NAKS resulting great response rate.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SP
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• v.41 no.6
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• pp.285-294
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• 2004

Median Filters in the Signal Processing have been most widely used and have demonstrated the most strongest effects. This paper proposes the Adaptive Median Filters by using noise detection. The basic algorithm of the proposed filters is to determine whether noise or not by the each noise judgement standards, and then take the Median Filter if it satisfies the conditions as a result of judgement and returns to the original image(No Filters) if not. This paper presented Noise Detection by Local Variance and Local Central Variance for noise judgement, compared and analyzed the features and performance of existing [5]∼[10] Filters. Filter improved on the result of executing the existing filters at the same condition and showed the effects over that when it was judged with naked eyes. Accordingly, the Adaptive Median Filters by Local Variance and Local Central Variance was proven to have reinforced edge preservation ability and have the strong features for removing the Impulse Noise of the Median Filter.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.34 no.5 s.118
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• pp.24-31
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• 2006

The tourism sites and attractions of South Korea in many ways have little specialties in their image due to the local development plan's uniformed way of designing and improving landscape. The lack of specialties in tourist sites and attractions have caused displeasure from the local residents, as the sites don't characterize the locals as attractively and appealingly as is the potential. There have been no research or studies on the scenic effect on tourism or resort development thus producing an urgent call for local authorities to develop planned landscapes of local sites. This study compares Bugok Onchon (hot spring), whose image hardly differentiates itself from the others, with Kinosaki Onsen (hot spring). Bugok Hot Spring, which is the case study of this report, has recorded a steady decline of visitors due to a result of uniformed development planning. In the case of Kinosaki Hot Spring, scenery development, however, has made a breakthrough in tourist increase despite its no-so-easily-accessible location. The study assumes that scenery effects changes in promoting local tourism, thus analyzing and comparing the two hot springs to unearth critical factors in tourist site development, as well as viewing the present state of Bugok Hot Spring for further study. Furthermore, the study provides tourist site developers with a guideline of the two comparative Hot Spring cases. Investigations and analyses are mainly focused on colors, which are important factors in making underlying images of tourist sites, and the comparison of Bugok Hot Spring with Kinosaki Hot Suing. Bugok Hot Spring shows the influences of accent colors as well as a variety of color combinations and similarities of color tones. Kinosaki Hot Spring shows a combination of naturally-generated colors its own scenic beauty by trimming the landscape. Through the comparative study of the two hot springs, Bugok (boulevard) uncovers a typical case of Korean local landscape planning, even with the well-known tourist attraction 'Bugok-Hawaii', and calls upon a new, serious landscape-improvement plan to increase visitors.

• Journal of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.619-628
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• 1994

The multiplicity theory initiated by C. Chevalley was the one with respect to ideals generated by a system of parameters of a local ring containing a field [3] and [4]. Samuel generalized the definition to primary ideals belonging the maximal ideal of a local ring which contains a field by a device which used the Hilbert characteristic function [9]. Furthermore Samuel defined multiplicity also in local rings which contain no field [10].