• Journal of Industrial Convergence
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.37-42
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• 2023

This study aimed to examine the safety of HemoHIM, a dietary supplement containing methoxsalen. HemoHIM is a dietary supplement marketed globally, and a competitor to ginseng. It has been reported to contain methoxsalen, a plant extract for treating psoriasis and vitiligo. Methoxsalen is known to cause hepatotoxicity, but most of the cases has been reported from ingestion as a drug, not a food. There are no reports of hepatotoxicity from the consumption derived from natural products such as Angelica gigas, Cnidium officinale, and Paeonia lactiflora, which are the main ingredients in the HemoHIM. However, a recent case of acute hepatitis was reported in Hong-Kong after ingestion of HemoHIM. It is difficult to conclude that hepatitis was caused by HemoHIM, because there was no check of co-occurring medications with a higher risk of hepatotoxicity, no description of the progress, no quantitative comparison of methoxsalen in HemoHIM to it in common foods such as carrots and celery, and no description of the patient's underlying diseases. On the other hand, there was a study that suggest hemoHIM is safe, and that study had adequate number of subjects even though more studies are needed to ensure safety.

• 한국체육학회지인문사회과학편
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• v.55 no.3
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• pp.649-658
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• 2016

This study aimed to analyze PDH(Pyruvate dehydrogenase) and protein expression of PDK4(Pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4), PDP1(PDH phosphatase 1), enzymes that are involved in the activation of PDH, in skeletal muscle and to investigate the concentration of thiamine administration in liver and muscle following 4 weeks of endurance training. Methods : 6 weeks old male ICR mice were divided into two groups: sedentary group (CON, n=10; TH, n=10), and exercise group (EX, n=10, THEX, n=10). Thiamine(thiamine tetrahydrofurfuryl disulfide: TTFD) TTFD was orally administrated into TH and THEX groups in 50mg/kg body weight for 4 weeks. Treadmill training was performed in EX and THEX groups at about 70% of VO2max for 5 times a week for 4 weeks. Results : In this study, the concentration of glycogen was significantly increased following 4 weeks of endurance training, but a significant difference was not found following thiamine administration. Similarly, there was a significant effect of the training on PDH and the expression of PDK4 and PDP1 as PDH was increased by about 40% along with the increase in PDK4 and PDP1. However, there was no significant difference found between the groups following thiamine administration. Discussion : This result shows that there was no synergistic effect of thiamine administration, potentially due to adaptation of skeletal muscle from a long-term endurance training. Therefore, it will be necessary to consider the intake timing of thiamine and to analyze proteins that are related to PDH following the administration of complex carbohydrates.

• Journal of Digestive Cancer Research
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.30-34
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• 2015

We report a case of a 55-year-old man who diagnosed with advanced gastric cancer (AGC), with A review of the literature. A 55-year old man was transferred to our hospital for further evaluation and treatment after being diagnosed with adenocarcinoma through endoscopic biopsy during a regular health examination. An abdominal computed tomography (CT) showed AGC, stage IIA (T3N3M0), while an endoscopic examination showed AGC, Borrmann type 2. The patient is currently under observation after undergoing radical subtotal gastrectomy with gastroduodenostomy and subsequent administration of oral chemotherapeutic agents. As an abdominal CT response assessment performed after surgery revealed new metastasis to the liver, the patient received palliative chemotherapy as progressive disease was suspected. After receiving chemotherapy in the order of FOLFOX (5-fluorouracil (5-FU)) + Leucovorin + Oxaliplatin), FOLFIRI (5-FU + Leucovorin + Irinotecan), EAP-II (Etoposide + Doxorubicin + Cisplatin), ELF (Etoposide + Leucovorin + 5-FU), TS-1 (Tegafur + Gimeracil) + Cisplatin, an abdominal CT response assessment showed progressive disease for which the regimen was altered to PFL (Paclitaxel + 5-FU + Leucovorin). The patient has currently completed his second cycle of chemotherapy and after an abdominal CT response assessment, further course of therapy will be decided.

• Journal of Marine Life Science
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.150-159
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• 2023

To determine the toxic effects of the mirror carp, Cyprinus carpio nudus on waterborne nitric acid exposure, they were exposed to waterborne nitric acid at 0, 4, 20, 100, 500, and 2,500 mg NO₃^-/L for 96 h. The semi-lethal concentration (LC₅₀) of the scented fish by 96 hours of acute exposure to nitric acid was 1,433.54 mg NO₃^-/L. The physiological changes of waterborne nitric acid exposure on mirror carp were evaluated through hematologic properties, and RBC count showed a significantly decreased (p < 0.05). The change in the ion control ability of the mirror carp according to exposure to waterborne nitric acid was evaluated through the plasma inorganic component, and calcium and magnesium were significantly decreased (p < 0.05) in the plasma inorganic component. The health and stress status of the mirror carp due to exposure to waterborne nitric acid were evaluated through plasma organic ingredients, and the plasma organic component glucose showed a significantly increase (p < 0.05). Changes in liver damage and enzyme activity due to waterborne nitric acid exposure were evaluated through plasma enzyme components, the enzymatic activities of plasma AST, ALT, and ALP were significantly decreased (p < 0.05) in high levels of waterborne nitric acid exposure. The results of the present study suggest that waterborne nitric acid exposure to C. carpio nudus can toxicly affect survival, hematologic properties, and plasma components.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.335-347
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• 2023

Objectives: The study aimed to understand the current treatment patterns in Korean medicine to develop clinical practice guidelines for autonomic dysfunction in Korean medicine. Methods: This study sent an online survey vai text message to 25,900 Korean medicine doctors whose contact information was registered with the Association of Korean Medicine. A total of 1,410 Korean medical doctors completed the online survey. Results: When autonomic treating dysfunction clinically, 77% of the cases included only a description without entering a diagnosis code. The most commonly used information to diagnose o autonomic dysfunction was history-taking and symptoms (79%), and the main symptoms of autonomic dysfunction were palpitations, dizziness, sleeping difficulties, anxiety/nervousness, and depression/lethargy. The most frequently mentioned cause of autonomic dysfunction was mental problems (54%). The most commonly used Korean medicine treatment method for autonomic dysfunction was herbal medicine (70%), and Soyo-san/Gamisoyo-san is the most frequently used herbal medicine preparation. Liver qi depression used to indicate the most often mentioned Korean medicine pattern identification used to indicate autonomic dysfunction (31%). When asked whether cardiac neurosis in Chinese medicine can be considered autonomic dysfunction, opinions for and against it are determined almost equally. Conclusions: Our results serve are a foundation for developing clinical practice guidelines for autonomic dysfunction in Korean medicine and are expected to catalyst promoting future clinical research on autonomic dysfunction.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.514-525
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• 2023

New types of vinegar drinks are being processed and developed using various raw materials. In this study, a beverage containing a mixture of 0.25% red ginseng extract and 5% Prunus mume fruit vinegar (RPV) was evaluated for its anti-fatigue effect on high-intensity exercised rats. RPV administration markedly enhanced running endurance and significantly decreased fatigue-related serum biomarkers, such as inorganic phosphate, ammonia, and L-lactate, compared to the other groups. In addition, RPV administration increased glycogen contents in the liver and muscles and decreased creatine kinase activity in the serum and muscles. RPV administration also remarkedly increased the activity of lactate in the muscles. Furthermore, HPLC analysis revealed that main organic acids in RPV were acetic acid, malic acid, and citric acids. Overall, the results indicate that RPV improved fatigue recovery in exhausted rats, thus proving a promising material of functional food to attenuate fatigue.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.98-108
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• 2023

The purpose of this study was to determine the vitamin B₁ and B₃ contents in 135 Korean domestic foods using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The Standard Reference Material (SRM) 3233 and in-house control (grain, whole wheat and flour mixture) were used for quality control/assurance. As a result, vitamin B₁ was only detected in 54 of the 135 foods, ranging from 0.019 mg/100 g to 28.218 mg/100 g. Among the foods tested, the vitamin B₁ content was highest in ramen powder (28.218 mg/100 g) and lowest in boiled jjolmyeon (0.019 mg/100 g). In contrast, vitamin B₃ was detected in 108 of the 135 foods, ranging from 0.077 mg/100 g to 32.412 mg/100 g. We found that the vitamin B₃ content was highest in beef liver (32.412 mg/100 g) and lowest in boiled chicken heart (0.077 mg/100 g). The results of this study will be used as a nutritional database for the update of the Korean food composition table and will hence contribute to improving public health.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.68-76
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• 2022

Objective: Percutaneous portal vein (PV) stent placement can be an effective treatment for symptoms associated with portal hypertension. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of PV stenting on the overall survival (OS) in patients with malignant PV stenosis. Materials and Methods: Two groups of patients with malignant PV stenosis were compared in this retrospective study involving two institutions. A total of 197 patients who underwent PV stenting between November 2016 and August 2019 were established as the stent group, whereas 29 patients with PV stenosis who were treated conservatively between July 2013 and October 2016 constituted the no-stent group. OS was compared between the two groups before and after propensity score matching (PSM). Risk factors associated with OS were evaluated using the Cox proportional hazards model. Procedure-associated adverse events were also evaluated. Results: The stent group finally included 100 patients (median age, 65 [interquartile range, 58-71] years; 64 male). The no-stent group included 22 patients (69 [61-75] years, 13 male). Stent placement was successful in 95% of attempted cases, and the 1- and 2-year stent occlusion-free survival rate was 56% (95% confidence interval, 45%-69%) and 44% (32%-60%), respectively. The median stent occlusion-free survival time was 176 (interquartile range, 70-440) days. OS was significantly longer in the stent group than in the no-stent group (median 294 vs. 87 days, p < 0.001 before PSM, p = 0.011 after PSM). The 1- and 3-year OS rates before PSM were 40% and 11%, respectively, in the stent group. The 1-year OS rate after PSM was 32% and 5% in the stent and no-stent groups, respectively. Anemia requiring transfusion (n = 2) and acute thrombosis necessitating re-stenting (n = 1) occurred in three patients in the stent group within 1 week. Conclusion: Percutaneous placement of a PV stent may be effective in improving OS in patients with malignant PV stenosis.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.16.1-16.20
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• 2022

The gastrointestinal tract is the first organ directly affected by fasting. However, little is known about how fasting influences the intestinal immune system. Intestinal dendritic cells (DCs) capture antigens, migrate to secondary lymphoid organs, and provoke adaptive immune responses. We evaluated the changes of intestinal DCs in mice with short-term fasting and their effects on protective immunity against Listeria monocytogenes (LM). Fasting induced an increased number of CD103⁺CD11b^- DCs in both small intestinal lamina propria (SILP) and mesenteric lymph nodes (mLN). The SILP CD103⁺CD11b^- DCs showed proliferation and migration, coincident with increased levels of GM-CSF and C-C chemokine receptor type 7, respectively. At 24 h post-infection with LM, there was a significant reduction in the bacterial burden in the spleen, liver, and mLN of the short-term-fasted mice compared to those fed ad libitum. Also, short-term-fasted mice showed increased survival after LM infection compared with ad libitum-fed mice. It could be that significantly high TGF-β2 and Aldh1a2 expression in CD103⁺CD11b^- DCs in mice infected with LM might affect to increase of Foxp3⁺ regulatory T cells. Changes of major subset of DCs from CD103⁺ to CD103^- may induce the increase of IFN-γ-producing cells with forming Th1-biased environment. Therefore, the short-term fasting affects protection against LM infection by changing major subset of intestinal DCs from tolerogenic to Th1 immunogenic.

• Journal of Korean Dental Hygiene Science
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.25-35
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• 2023

Background: In order to emphasize the importance of clinical dental hygienists-led dental hygiene management processes for those with systemic diseases, we tried to identify systemic diseases affecting dental implants based on clinical data. Methods: In order to identify systemic diseases affecting dental implants, literature review was conducted from March 1 to May 31, 2023, and the search period was for research papers published in domestic and foreign academic journals from January 2000 to December 2020. Domestic databases used for search use RISS, Nuri Media(DBpia), and Korea Academic Information (http://www.papersearch.net ; KISS), while overseas databases searched Pubmed for dental implant failures, implants, systemic diseases, and Dental implant and system disease. Results: The cumulative survival rate of implants averaged 94.3 percent and the failure rate was 5.7 percent. Clinical analysis of systemic diseases related to implants accounted for the highest frequency with 13 (100.0%), followed by 8 (61.5%) studies on high blood pressure and smoking, 7 (53.8%) cardiovascular diseases, and 5 (38.5%). In addition, liver disease, thyroid abnormalities, blood abnormalities, organ transplants and infectious diseases were confirmed. Conclusion: Since unregulated systemic diseases are a risk factor for implant failure, clinical dental hygienists should continue to maintain healthy oral conditions by sharing information with patients during periodic preventive dental hygiene management processes such as dental hygiene assessment.