• 음성과학
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.185-191
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• 2001

This study was designed to determine what components of spoken language have been relatively neglected in the teaching of listening comprehension in Korea and to suggest a model of listening process. Two types of tests were undertaken using spoken and written forms of English with secondary school teachers of English and college students. Findings: Hearing power has been generally neglected in the teaching of listening comprehension. Hearing power which can be thought as an active process is defined as an ability to transfer the sequence of discrete phonetic segments without word boundary into the sequence of words in phonemic representations by using both nonlinguistic factors and linguistic factors including perception rules based on phonetics and phonology. Vocabularies, hearing-speaking power, syntactic structures and idiomatic expressions are to be taught for spoken English. A model of listening process was suggested and discussed.

• 영어어문교육
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.345-364
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• 2009

This study attempts to provide a comprehensive framework for listening strategy use among university students in Korea in relation to TOEIC listening scores. In particular, this study tests whether motivation, based on the self-determination theory, mediates listening strategy use on listening comprehension (LC) process and whether reading comprehension ability moderates the use of listening strategy in LC achievement. One hundred seventy six freshmen students participated in the study during their first semester required English course. Self-report questionnaires were used to assess students' motivation and LC strategy use. The responses were statistically analyzed via the moderator and mediator model. The results indicate that internalized motivation mediates the use of listening strategy in LC achievement; however, reading comprehension skill doesn't affect students' use of listening strategies in relation to listening skill achievement. In other words, students who have internalized motivation were able to utilize listening strategies effectively in terms of achievement of the TOEIC listening skills. The findings of the current study offer in-depth understanding of the relationship among use of LC strategies, intrinsic motivation, and listening skill achievement shared by the mediator and moderator models.

• 영어어문교육
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.153-184
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• 2010

On the bases of the 5 principles and the 4 criteria for designing and developing of the listening and the reading test of National English Ability Test (NEAT), this study presents Item-Types Decision-Making Model as a blueprint for designing and constructing the two tests. It sets up the criteria for validating item types, designs a modular type of test specifications, constructs an item-types bank, and specifies a complementary type of test specifications of the two tests. To gather all these threads up, it constructs Item-Types Decision-Making Model which consists of such components as the item-type pool, the validity criteria and the procedures of testing item types, the item-types bank, the modular and the complementary type test specification. Thus, it shows how the Model works in developing and constructing the two level-differentiated listening and reading tests (the 2nd and the 3rd rank) of NEAT. Finally, it discusses some implications and applications of the Model to the two level-differentiated tests (the A and the B type) of 2014 CSAT (College Scholastic Ability Test) systems, National Assessment of Educational Achievement (NAEA), and classroom testing. In conclusion, Item-Types Decision-Making Model functions as a testing template in an item development system and as a matrix in an item-types bank system.

• 영어어문교육
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.305-333
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• 2005

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of teaching English through the techniques of storytelling with dramatization upon children's competence of English speaking and listening. These techniques are considered to enable children to have ample opportunity of use in and exposure to English, as well as interest. This study is sequenced as selecting stories by way of consulting literatures, developing a teaching model for practising classes through storytelling with dramatization, and analyzing the data resulting from the pre- and post-listening/speaking tests using the SPSS program. The results of this study can be summarized as follows: the experimental group shows better significance than the control one in the listening and speaking post-test. Therefore, literary units also need to be incorporated into English textbooks in order to improve children's aural-oral competence through the storytelling with dramatization.

• 한국항해항만학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국항해항만학회 2004년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.61-67
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• 2004

이 연구에서는, 인간(해기사)의 두 귀에 주목한 머리전달함수(HRTF)를 이용하여, 기적음과 관련된 해양사고를 분석-평가하기 위한 시뮬레이션 시스템(3D-LSS)을 개발하였다. 해양사고당시 상황을 분석해서 가청화 모델을 구축하고, 3차원음 생성방법과 평가방법을 제시하였다. 개발한 시스템은 CUI 방식의 그래픽과 3차원 음향으로 해양사고 당시의 상황을 묘사하고, 시뮬레이션할 수 있도록 구성하였다. 3D-LSS을 이용하여, 해양사고 중에서 기적음 청취여부를 판단하지 못했던 6가지 사건을 대상으로 실험하였다. 5명의 평가자에 의한 심리음향평가결과, 6가지 사건을 시각적 청각적으로 명확하게 평가할 수 있었기 때문에 3D-LSS의 해양사고 심판보조 장치로서의 활용가능성을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 한국항해항만학회지
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• 제28권8호
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• pp.659-666
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• 2004

이 연구에서는, 인간(해기사)의 두 귀에 주목한 머리전달함수(HRTF)를 이용하여, 기적음과 관련된 해양사고를 분석-평가하기 위한 시뮬레이션 시스템(3D-LSS)을 개발하였다. 해양사고당시 상황을 분석해서 가청화 모델을 구축하고, 3차원음 생성방법과 평가방법을 제시하였다. 개발한 시스템은 GUI 방식의 그래픽과 3차원 음향으로 해양사고 당시의 상황을 묘사하고, 시뮬레이션 할 수 있도록 구성하였다. 3D-LSS을 이용하여, 해양사고 중에서 기적음 청취여부를 판단하지 못했던 6가지 사건을 대상으로 실시하였다. 5명의 평가자에 의한 심리음향 평가결과, 6가지 사건을 시각적 청각적으로 명확하게 평가할 수 있었기 때문에 3D-LSS의 해양사고 심판보조 장치로서의 활용가능성을 확인할 수 있었다.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제8권8호
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• pp.2814-2832
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• 2014

As information society matures to an even higher level and as information technology becomes a necessity to our everyday lives, the needs to develop, support and satisfy personal and social needs without the limitation of time, space, and location have become a vital point to everyday lives. Smartphone users are increasing at a staggering rate but the research on mobile-Learning model and the implementation of m-Learning scenario are still behind the needs of the users. Therefore, this paper focuses on the design of 'repeatable and short-spanned m-Learning model' to meet the needs of the learners who are on the go and on the move with their smartphones. Smartphone users frequently reach out for their phones but compare to the frequencies, the actual span of time they spend per use are relatively and surprisingly short. One way to understand this phenomenon is that the users tend to immediately replace their smartphones with laptops or desktops whenever they are available. A leaning model was needed to reflect this short and frequent use, a use that is solely based on the smartphone environment. This proposed learning model first defines this particular setting and implements the model to real smartphone users over an 8 week period. To understand whether different learning backgrounds can influence this model, different schools with online and offline learning channels participated in the experiment. User survey was conducted after the experiment to get a better understanding of the smartphone users. Pretest and posttest were conducted before and after the experiment and the data were validated and analyzed using SPSS version 18.0 for PC. Preliminary descriptive statistics, multiple regression and cross validation was conducted for the analysis. The results showed that the proposed English Listening and Comprehension Mobile Digital Textbook (ELCMDT) had a positive effect on the learners in general and was more effective for learners who were already experienced with online learning.

• 전자공학회논문지
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• 제50권12호
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• pp.210-216
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• 2013

잡음이 있는 환경에서 음악을 들을 경우 잡음의 영향으로 인해 명료한 음악의 청취가 힘들다. 본 논문에서는 잡음 환경에서 오디오 신호를 자동으로 변화시킴으로써 잡음 환경에서의 오디오 청취 경험을 향상시킬 수 있는 방법을 제안한다. 구체적으로, 잡음이 있는 환경에서 밴드 별 오디오 신호의 지각적 크기가 잡음이 없는 경우와 비슷해지도록 오디오 신호를 변화시키는 방법을 제안하였다. 이를 위해 Moore의 라우드니스 지각 모델을 도입하였으며, 기존의 음성 강화를 목적으로 한 논문을 더욱 발전시켜 48kHz로 샘플링된 전대역 신호를 증폭시키는 기법을 제안하였다. 잡음이 심할 때에는 라우드니스를 복원시켜도 명료성이 떨어지므로 이를 위해 라우드니스를 복원하는 데에 그치지 않고 일부러 고주파의 라우드니스를 약간 더 증폭하는 방법도 제안하였다. 실험 결과를 통해 우리는 제안된 알고리즘이 잡음 환경에서의 오디오 청취 경험을 얼마나 향상시킬 수 있는지를 알 수 있었다.

• 영어어문교육
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• 제5호
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• pp.1-25
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• 1999

The objective of the present study was to model the relationships between language learning strategy use and language proficiency among the Asian (Korean, Japanese, and Taiwanese) students studying English in the United States. The instruments were a language learning strategy Questionnaire and the Institutional Testing Program Test of English as a Foreign Language (ITP TOEFL). Structural equation modeling was utilized to model the relationships between language learning strategies and language proficiency. The present study found only weak relationships between language learning strategies and language proficiency. Only 13% and 15% of variance of the listening and grammar/reading factor were explained by the language learning strategies. The metacognitive strategies appeared not to have direct relationships to the language skill factors, as was found in other studies (Purpura, 1996, 1997). The effects of the social and affective strategies were very small. They in combination could account about 1% and 4% of the variance of the listening and grammar/reading factors.

• 한국음향학회지
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.152-161
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• 2024

고령자 청력손실은 노령화에 따른 대표적 현상이다. 그러나 고령자를 위한 홈케어, 노인복지주택 등의 설계는 고령자의 이동성 확보 및 안전에 초점을 맞춰 시행되고 있어 청력상실 문제를 간과하는 경우가 많다. 본 연구에서는 주거공간 내 청취환경을 개선하여 노인의 삶의 질을 향상시키는 것을 목표로 한다. 노인들의 청취 환경 개선을 위해 잔향 감소, 소음 최소화, 음질 향상에 중점을 둔 기술을 제안하고 그 효과를 검증하였다. 이를 바탕으로 고령자의 청력 손실을 배려한 재가보호 주거시설의 음향 설계 모델을 제안하고자 하였다.