• BMB Reports
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• 제37권6호
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• pp.749-752
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• 2004

Saturated fatty acids are less vulnerable to lipid peroxidation than their unsaturated counterparts. In this investigation, individual fatty acids of the $C_{16}$, $C_{18}$ and $C_{20}$ families were subjected to the thiobarbituric (TBA) assay. These fatty acids were chosen based on their degree of saturation and configuration of double bonds. Interestingly, an assay threshold was reached where increasing the fatty acid concentration resulted in no additional decrease in the TBARS concentrations. Therefore, the linear range of TBARS inhibition was determined for fatty acids in the $C_{16}$ and $C_{20}$ families. The rate of TBARS inhibition was greater for the saturated than for unsaturated fatty acids, as measured from the slope of the linear range. These findings demonstrate the need to standardize the TBARS assay using multiple fatty acid concentrations when using this assay for measuring in vitro lipid peroxidation.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제11권12호
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• pp.1115-1121
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• 1998

MLS capacitor with lipid ultra thin films were deposited by Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) method on the silicon wafer. The current versus voltage and capacitance versus voltage relationships are depend on the applied voltage, electrode area and electrode materials. LB films deposited were made of L-$\alhpa$-DLPC, the 1 layer’s thickness of 35${\AA}$ was measured by ellipsometer. And MLS capacitor with different electrode materials, the work function of these materials was investigated to increase the leakage current. The result indicated the lower leakage current and very high saturation value of capacitance was reached within 700-800 pF when the two electrode was Ag. And $\varepsilon$1, $\varepsilon$2 versus photon energy showed good film formation.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.145-153
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• 1984

This study was performed to investigate the effect of various levels of Zn(0, 30, 3000 ppms) and different kinds of lipid(corn oil, sesame oil or butter.) in the diet upon lipid metabolism and Zn & Cu concentration in various organs and tissues in weanling rats. The results obtained were summarized as following : 1) Food consumptions, body weight gains and F.E.R.s showed no significant differences among groups. 2) The contents of total lipids and total cholesterols in serum tended to increase with increase in lipid saturation and Zn levels. Those in per g liver were higher in butter groups and tended to be higher in low Zn groups. Total lipids contents in per g muscle tended to be higher in butter and high Zn groups, but total cholesterols contents in per g muscle tended to be higher in corn oil and low Zn groups. 3) Liver, serum and fecal Zn concentrations tended to be higher in high Zn groups than other Zn groups. The Cu concentrations in liver and serum tended to be lower in high Zn groups. On the contrary, the Cu concentrations in urine tended to be higher in high Zn groups.

• 대한환경공학회지
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• 제31권12호
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• pp.1075-1080
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• 2009

혐기성 소화 시 산발효 단계에서 지질 성분이 부분적으로 분해되고 지질 내 이중 결합이 포화됨을 통해 후단의 메탄발효 효율이 향상됨이 보고된 바 있다. 본 연구에서는 혐기성 연속 회분식 반응조(anaerobic sequencing batch reactor, 이하 ASBR) 및 연속 흐름 교반 반응조(continuously stirred tank reactor, 이하 CSTR) 형태의 산생성조를 각각 운전하여 지질 분해 및 독성 저감 효율을 살펴보았다. 기질로는 두 가지 불포화(oleate and linoleate), 두 가지 포화(palmitate and stearate) 지방산(long-chain fatty acids, 이하 LCFA)로 구성된 LCFA 혼합물을 사용하였다. 반응조 내의 높은 미생물 보유량에 의해 ASBR이 수리학적 체류시간(hydraulic retention time, 이하 HRT) 12 hr 이하에서 우월한 성능을 보였다. HRT 9시간에서 ASBR은 36.7%의 LCFA 분해, 14.3%의 이중결합 포화, 43.8%의 산생성 효율을 보였으며, 이는 HRT 15시간의 CSTR 보다 각각 19%, 10%, 21% 높은 수치였다. 지질 함유 폐수의 혐기성 소화 시 ASBR을 이용한 산발효가 효과적일 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.87-93
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• 1982

Mucor plumbeus FRI 0007 균주의 배양조건에 따른 균체생산량 및 지방질의 생산량을 검토한 결과 온도는 37$^{\circ}C$, pH3.5에서 정치배양 하는 것이 최적조건이며, 25일간 배양했을때 균체량은 2.39g/50$m\ell$, 지방질의 함량은 50.73% 이었다. 균체량과 지방질의 함량은 온도가 증가할수록, pH가 낮을수록 증가하였으나 진탕배양의 경우 균체량은 감소하나 지방질의 함량은 증가되었다. 트리-글리세리드의 함량은 pH가 낮을때, 그리고 진탕배양을 했을때 그 함량이 높았다. 지방산의 조성은 온도, 질소원와 종류 및 진탕에 의한 영향을 받았으며 온도가 낮을때 그리고 진탕을 했을때 포화도가 낮았다. 지방질을 구성하고 있는 모노-글리세리드와 디-글리세리드는 팔미트산과 올레산으로 트리-글리세리드는 주로 팔미트산, 올레산 및 리놀레산으로 결합되어 있으며 포화도는 모노-글리세리드가 가장 높았다.

• 원예과학기술지
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.55-60
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• 2015

과피흑변은 '부유' 단감(Diospyros kaki, 'Fuyu') 과실의 저장 중에 발생하는 주요 생리적 장해의 하나이다. 부유 과실의 과피에서 페놀화합물의 함량, PPO와 POD의 활성, 지질 포화도를 분석하였다. 페놀화합물은 일광의 방향에 따라 과피에 불균등하게 분포하였는데, 일광 노출면에 축적량이 가장 많았고 그 반대면에서는 가장 적었다. 그러나 수관 내부의 음지 가지에서 수확한 과실의 경우 페놀화합물은 과피에 비교적 고르게 분포되어 있었다. PPO와 POD의 활성 또한 과피에서 고르지 않았으나, 이는 과피흑변이 발생한 과실에서만 그러하였으며, 흑변 부위는 PPO 활성은 가장 높고 POD 활성은 가장 낮았다. 수확 시에 일광면에 표식을 한 과실을 저온에 저장하였을 때, 저장 중 과피흑변의 증상인 운형 흑반은 정확히 표식 부위에 발생하였다. 게다가, 일광면은 높은 지질포화도를 보였는데, 이는 일광에 의해 야기된 고온에 대한 적응을 의미한다. 따라서 이러한 결과로 미루어 볼 때, 부유 과실의 과피흑변 장해는 일광에 노출된 과실의 고온 순화 과피 조직에서 나타나는 저온장해 증상의 일종인 것으로 간주할 수 있을 것이다.

• 한국식품영양과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국식품영양과학회 2004년도 Annual Meeting and International Symposium
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• pp.47-52
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• 2004

This study was conducted to determine the effects of egg phospholipids [(Phosphatidylcholine (PC) and sphingomyelin (SM)] on intestinal absorption of cholesterol and other lipids. Each rat with Iymph cannula was infused via a duodenal catheter at 3.0 mL/h for 8 h with a lipid emulsion containing triolein, cholesterol and PC in 24 mL PBS. The PC in the lipid emulsion was egg PC (EPC), hydrogenated egg PC (HPC), or soy PC (SPC). The EPC in the lipid emulsion markedly lowered the Iymphatic absorption of cholesterol, compared with SPC and a lipid emulsion containing no PC. The HPC further lowered the absorption of cholesterol. The phospholipid output was not affected by the source of PC infused. The total Iymphatic output of oleic acid (18: 1), the major fatty acid infused in the form of triolein, did not differ among the NPC, SPC and EPC groups, but was significantly lower in the HPC group. The findings provide the first evidence that EPC markedly lowers the Iymphatic absorption of cholesterol under in vivo conditions. The inhibitory effect of EPC appears to be due to the higher degree of saturation of its acyl groups relative to SPC, suggesting that the intestinal absorption of egg cholesterol may be reduced by the presence of PC in e99 yolk. Experiment 2 was designed to determine whether egg SM, structurally similar to PC, also inhibits the Iymphatic absorption of cholesterol. Egg SM lowered the Lymphatic absorption of cholesterol in a dose dependent manner. Likewise, SM lowered the Iymphatic absorption of oleic acid, whereas it had no effect on retinol absorption. SM at a high dose lowered the Iymphatic outputs of both PC and SM, whereas there was no such effect at a lower dose. These results also indicate that luminal egg SM has an inhibitory effect on the intestinal absorption of cholesterol and other lipids of relatively high hydrophobicity.

• Animal Bioscience
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• 제34권5호
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• pp.895-903
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• 2021

Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of various dietary unsaturated to saturated fatty acids ratios (UFA to SFA ratios) on growth performance, carcass traits, blood lipid parameters, tissue fatty acid (FA) composition, and meat quality of finishing pigs. Methods: A total of 45 crossbred pigs ([Duroc×Landrace]×Yorkshire), with an average initial body weight of 60.3±2.4 kg, were randomly allocated to three treatment groups of 1:1, 2:1, and 3:1 dietary UFA to SFA ratios. Results: Both average daily gain and average daily feed intake of pigs were decreased linearly (p<0.05), whereas backfat thickness was decreased linearly (p<0.05) with increasing of dietary UFA to SFA ratio. Serum triglyceride and low density lipoprotein cholesterol were decreased quadratically or linearly (p<0.05) respectively, whereas high density lipoprotein cholesterol was increased quadratically (p<0.05) with increasing dietary UFA to SFA ratio. In M. longissimus thoracis, the proportion of C18:1 and monounsaturated FA was decreased linearly (p<0.05), whereas the proportion of C18:2n-6, C20:4n-6 and polyunsaturated FA (PUFA) were increased linearly (p<0.05) as dietary UFA to SFA ratio increased. In the subcutaneous adipose tissue, the proportion of SFA was decreased linearly (p<0.05), whereas the proportion of n-6 PUFA, n-3 PUFA, and the UFA to SFA ratios were increased linearly (p<0.05) with increasing of dietary UFA to SFA ratio. Meat color scores and shear force of pigs were decreased linearly (p<0.05), whereas drip loss and cooking loss were increased linearly (p<0.05) with increasing of dietary UFA to SFA ratio. Conclusion: Appropriately boosted dietary UFA to SFA ratio could be conductive to optimize blood lipid parameters and tissue FA composition. However, when the ratio is too high or too low it tends to have negative effects on growth performance and meat quality.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제42권6호
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• pp.933-940
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• 2013

본 연구는 urea fractionation을 통하여 포화도 함량이 5.8%, 28.4%, 39.2%, 50.7%, 72.3%인 우지 alcoholysis 반응물을 제조하고, 이를 유상(oil phase)으로 ultrasonic processor 및 고압균질기를 이용하여 emulsion을 제조한 후 이에 대한 유화 안정성과 산화 안정성을 실험하였다. 유화 안정성(ES)을 관찰한 결과 ES값은 46.0(${\Sigma}$SFA5), 39.5(${\Sigma}$SFA28), 32.7(${\Sigma}$SFA39), 32.6(${\Sigma}$SFA50) 및 27.3(${\Sigma}$SFA72)로써 포화도가 낮은 emulsion일수록 높은 안정성을 보였으며, Turbiscan을 이용하여 시료 emulsion의 creaming 및 clarification 특성을 조사한 결과도 ES 결과와 유사하게 나타났다. 고압균질기로 제조한 emulsion 시료에 대하여 30일간 산화특성 및 안정성 연구를 진행한 결과, 제조한 emulsion의 hydroperoxides 함량이 1.880(${\Sigma}$SFA5), 1.267(${\Sigma}$SFA28), 1.062(${\Sigma}$SFA39), 0.342(${\Sigma}$SFA50) 및 0.153(${\Sigma}$SFA72)mg $H_2O_2/mL$로 서로 유의적 차이(p<0.05)를 나타내면서 불포화도가 높은 emulsion 시료일수록 hydroperoxide의 함량이 높았고, TBARS 값은 저장 30일에 6.229(${\Sigma}$SFA5), 6.801(${\Sigma}$SFA28), 6.246(${\Sigma}$SFA39), 4.419(${\Sigma}$SFA50) 및 4.226(${\Sigma}$SFA72) mg TBA/mL로 ${\Sigma}$SFA50과 ${\Sigma}$SFA72가 다른 emulsion 시료보다 유의적으로(p<0.05) 낮은 값을 보이며 산화 안정성이 우수하였다.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 1998년도 하계학술대회 논문집 D
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• pp.1297-1299
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• 1998

LB layers of L-$\alpha$-DLPC deposited by LB method were deposited onto n-type silicon wafer as Z-type film. Films made up of 8, 16 layers of lipid with long alkyl chain and the thickness of monolayer and multilayers was determined by ellipsometry. It was deposited Ag and Al onto LB layers and silicon wafer for electrode and small electrode exhibit high capacitance and low leakage current. The C-V curves of the MLS capacitor shows very high saturation value of capacitance. And cross-sectional SEM image of MLS capacitor indicated the presence of pore with Al electrode and we found that the Ag is good for electrode metal.