• Archives of Pharmacal Research
• /
• 제26권9호
• /
• pp.716-718
• /
• 2003

In the course of our search for Acyl-CoA: cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT) inhibitors from natural sources, a new type of ACAT inhibitor was isolated from a methanol extract of Diospyros kaki. On the basis of spectral and structural evidence, the compound was identified as pheophorbide A-methyl ester. Pheophorbide A-methyl ester inhibited ACAT activity in a dose dependent manner with an $IC_{50}$ value of 1.85 $\mu$ g/mL.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
• /
• 제6권2호
• /
• pp.75-87
• /
• 1989

Study to report this result that state of lipid peroxides while beef Bulgogi Coocking of general-seasoning, sale-seasoning, each flavour's characteries. Raw meat show high lipid peroxides amount and high increasing in heat and antioxidative effected by flavour about lipid peroxidies change existence by beef Bulgogi seasoning. Change of lipid peroxides are significant increased in meat cold storage and cold storage and cold storage heat meat after while 30 minute after seasoned and reduced 9 hour - 33 hour cold storage raw meat, that change of lipid peroxides by cooking time. every condition by adding soften were revealed lipid peroxides, reduce. Lipid peroxide change are very high while no-sugar in raw meat and not a stone look in 9-hour raw-meat after seasone about antioxidative effect by each flavour characteristic TBA showed very high not take parched seasone seeds item about 30-minute cold storage beat raw-meat and high lipid peroxides revealed increase in not take wine item, not take a pear item, in 9 hour cold storage heat-meal and it showed little amount not-sugar item, no opepper item. According to high lipid peroxides change reduced high after seasoned cold storage stage in Korea traditional Bulgogi Cooking and thought high that action of antioxidative lipid peroxides wine and a pear in flavour.

• BMB Reports
• /
• 제36권2호
• /
• pp.190-195
• /
• 2003

The Vitamin E (VE) effect was examined on oxidative damage to DNA, lipids, and protein in mice that were fed various levels of lipid diets after total body irradiation (TBI) with X-rays at 2 Gy. No increase of 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8OHdG) by TBI was observed in the +VE group; however, in the case of the -VE group, a significantly higher 8OHdG level was observed in the high-lipid group than in the low- or basal-lipid group. In the groups with TBI, the concentration of thiobarbituric reactive substances (TBARS) only significantly increased in the high-lipid (-VE) group. These changes in TBARS, due to TBI, were not detected in other groups. The contents of protein carbonyls only increased in the (-VE) group. The contents of protein carbonyls was significantly different between the (+VE) and the (-VE) groups, regardless of the lipid levels. The concentrations of GSH, vitamins C and E in the liver were lower, and the concentration of non-heme iron in the liver was higher in the high-lipid group than in the low- and basal-lipid groups. These concentrations in the high-lipid group were significantly different between the (+VE) and the (-VE) groups. These results strongly suggest that mice that are fed a high-lipid diet are susceptible to TBI-induced oxidative damage. Also, decreases in the GSH levels and an increase in the iron level are involved in the mechanism of this susceptibility.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• 제37권5호
• /
• pp.347-351
• /
• 2004

This study was carried out to investigate the supplementary effects of ${\gamma}$-oryzanol extracted from rice bran on lipid metabolism in diabetic mice. We supplied 2 kinds of experimental diets (CO without and GO with 0.2％ ${\gamma}$-oryzanol) to diabetic mice for 8 weeks. Diet intake, body weight, organ weight, contents of serum and hepatic lipid profiles, and fecal lipid levels were measured. Though there was no significant difference in diet intake, body weight change and organ weight between experimental groups, the concentration of serum total cholesterol and hepatic total lipid, total cholesterol and HMG-CoA reductase activity was significantly lower in GO group treated with 0.2％ ${\gamma}$-oryzanol of diet than CO group after supplementary period of experimental diets. And total lipid, triglyceride, total cholesterol, and bile acid levels excreted to feces were significantly higher in GO group than CO group. These results suggest that ${\gamma}$-oryzanol decrease the serum and hepatic lipid levels by lowing HMG-CoA reductase activity or increasing the contents of fecal lipid in diabetic KK mice.

• 대한약학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한약학회 2002년도 Proceedings of the Convention of the Pharmaceutical Society of Korea Vol.2
• /
• pp.425.2-425.2
• /
• 2002

The purpose of this study was to prepare thermo-sensitive solid-lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) with a lipid melted at human body temperature and to evaluate physicochemical properties of SLNs containing retinol. anti-wrinkle agent. as a model drug. SLNs were prepared using a high pressure homogenizing method. The SLNs were composed of retinol as a model drug. thermo-sensitive lipid (DS-CBS) as a lipid core. and egg phosphatidylcholine and Tween 80 as surfactants. Manufacturing variables such as homogenization pressure. (omitted)

• 한국수산과학회지
• /
• 제48권3호
• /
• pp.308-313
• /
• 2015

A $3{\times}3$ factorial study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary protein and lipid levels on the growth, feed utilization and innate immunity of red seabream Pagrus major. Nine diets consisting of three protein levels (42%, 46% and 50% crude protein) and three lipid levels (10%, 14% and 18% crude lipid) were formulated. Triplicate groups of red seabream were fed the experimental diets to apparent satiation (5-6 times a day, from 08:00 to 18:00 h at 2-h intervals) for 10 weeks. At the end of the feeding trial, the weight gain and specific growth rate of fish fed P46L14 (46% protein and 14% lipid), P50L10 (50% protein and 10% lipid) and P50L14 (50% protein and 14% lipid) were significantly (P<0.05) higher than those of fish fed P42L18 (42% protein and 18% lipid). The feed conversion ratios (FCR) of the fish were affected by dietary lipid levels (P<0.039), but not dietary protein levels. The FCR tended to increase with increasing dietary lipid levels from 10% to 18% with the 46% and 50% protein levels. The weight gain, protein efficiency ratio, specific growth rate, feed intake and survival of fish were not affected by either dietary protein or lipid levels. Myeloperoxidase activity in the group fed P50L14 (50% protein and 14% lipid) was significantly higher than that in the group fed P42L10 (42% protein and 10% lipid) or P50L18 (50% protein and 18% lipid). However, the myeloperoxidase activity of fish was not affected by either dietary protein or lipid level. The fish fed P46L14 (46% protein and 14% lipid) and P46L18 (46% protein and 18% lipid) showed significantly higher superoxide dismutase activity than did the fish fed P46L10 (46% protein and 10% lipid), P50L10 (50% protein and 10% lipid) of P50L18 (50% protein and 18% lipid). In conclusion, the optimum protein and lipid levels for the growth and feed utilization of juvenile red seabream were 46% and 14%, respectively, and the optimum dietary protein to energy ratio was 27.4 g/MJ.

• KSBB Journal
• /
• 제7권4호
• /
• pp.302-307
• /
• 1992

protein phosphatase 2A는 bovine brain homogenate의 세포질 fraction에서 얻어졌다. 기질로서 인산화된 histione H1을 이용하여 측정한 phosphatase 의 활성은 dipalmitoyIphophatidylcholine(DPPC) 혹은 phosphatidylserine/DPPC의 혼합물로 구성된 liposome의 존재하에서 저해되었다. Protein phosphatase 2A의 lipid membrane에의 결합은 다중층 지질막의 혼합물 계에서 liposome 의 양이 증가함에 따라서 상등액 중의 phosphatase의 활성이 감소하는 것으로 확인할 수 있었다. 또한 [$^{125}I$]protein phosphatase 2A가 liposome과 동시에 용출되는 것으로도 확인되었다. 그러나 liposome에 대한 protein phosphatase의 친화력은 높지 않았다. 한편, okadaic acid와 liposome은 협동으로 phosphatase의 활성을 감소시켰다. 이것은 okadaic acid가 lipid membrane이나 membrane에 결함한 phosphatase에는 결합하지 않는다는 것을 의미한다. 그러므로 lipid membrane에 의한 protein phosphatase 2A의 활성 저해 효과는 phosphatase 2A와 lipid membrane과의 결합에 의한 것이라고 설명될 수있다.

• 한국수산과학회지
• /
• 제46권4호
• /
• pp.377-383
• /
• 2013

We ran a feeding trial to determine optimal dietary protein and lipid levels for growth of juvenile long snout bullhead Leiocassis longirostris Gunther. Eight experimental diets (P20L7, P20L14, P30L7, P30L14, P40L7, P40L14, P50L7 and P50L14) were formulated to contain 20%, 30%, 40% or 50% protein combined with either 7% or 14% lipid. Three replicate groups of fish (mean mass: 3.9 g/fish) were fed one of the experimental diets ad libitum for 8 weeks. Survival of fish fed the P20L14 diet was lower than that of fish fed the P40L14, P50L7 and P50L14 diets. Growth of fish fed diets containing 7% lipid increased with increasing protein level (up to 50% protein); growth of fish fed diets containing 14% lipid increased with increasing protein level (up to 30% protein). The feed efficiency of fish fed a diet with 50% protein and 7% lipid was higher than that of other groups. Whole body moisture and lipid contents were affected by dietary lipid level but not by dietary protein level. The crude lipid contents of fish fed 14% lipid diets were higher than those fed 7% lipid diets across all protein levels (other than the 50% level). Thus, under our experimental conditions, an increase in dietary protein level improved growth and feed efficiency of fish; a diet containing 50% protein with 7% lipid was optimal for growth and effective feed utilization in juvenile long snout bullhead.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
• /
• 제36권6호
• /
• pp.355-361
• /
• 2006

Intraarticular corticosteroid injections for therapy of rheumatic arthritis are administered with the aim of optimal local anti-inflammatory effect at the injection site. Since the side effects of corticosteroidal drug, dexamethasone(DEX), administered at hish dose limited the therapeutic efficacy, there was a need to design a new drug delivery system for controlled release of dexamethasone. As a prodrug for continuous therapeutic efficacy, dexamethasone-21-palmitate(DEX-PAL) was prepared via esterification of palmitoyl chloride and dexamethasone. DEX-PAL was identified by NMR and MASS analysis. DEX-PAL or DEX was entrapped in lipid nanosphere which could be prepared by using a self emulsification-solvent evaporation method. Physicochemical characteristics such as mean particle diameter, zeta potential and drug loading efficiency of the lipid nanospheres were investigated with variation of either the kind of lipid or the lipid composition. The lipid nanospheres had a mean diameter $83{\sim}95$ nm and DEX-PAL loading efficiency of up to 95%. The drug loading efficiency increased with the increase of aliphatic chain length attached to the phospholipid. The incorporation of cationic lipid was very efficient for both reducing particle size of lipid nanospheres and enhancing drug loading efficiency. The lipid nanospheres containing DEX-PAL may be a promising novel drug carrier for the controlled release of the poorly water-soluble drugs.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
• /
• 제7권4호
• /
• pp.184-191
• /
• 2004

A 25-week feeding trial of two dietary protein (47 and $52\%$) and three dietary lipid level (7, 12 and $17\%$) factorial design with three replications were conducted to determine effects of dietary protein and lipid levels on growth, feed utilization and body composition of adult starry flounder (Platichthys stellatus), average initial weight 332 g, during the winter season. Survival of fish was not affected by either dietary protein or dietary lipid level. Weight gain, feed efficiency and protein efficiency ratio improved with dietary protein and lipid levels except for those of fish fed the $52\%$ protein diet with $17\%$ lipid. The best growth and feed utilization were observed in the $52\%$ protein diet with $12\%$ lipid, but were not significantly different from those of fish fed the $52\%$ protein diet with $17\%$ lipid or the $47\%$ protein diets with $17\%$ lipid levels. Hepatosomatic and visceral somatic indexes were significantly influenced by dietary protein level, but not by dietary lipid level. None of moisture, crude protein, crude lipid, or glycogen contents of dorsal muscle or liver in starry flounder except for crude lipid in dorsal muscle was significantly influenced by either dietary protein or dietary lipid level. Plasma cholesterol concentration was significantly influenced by both dietary protein and dietary lipid levels. The results of this study suggest that the diets containing $47\%$ protein with $17\%$ lipid or $52\%$ protein with $12-17\%$ lipid are optimal for growth and feed utilization of adult starry flounder under these experimental conditions.