• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.107-122
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• 2002

Multi-body spacecraft attitude and configuration control formulations based on the use of collaborative control theory are considered. The control formulations are based on two-player, nonzero-sum, differential game theory applied using a Nash strategy. It is desired that the control laws allow different components of the multi-body system to perform different tasks. For example, it may be desired that one body points toward a fixed star while another body in the system slews to track another satellite. Although similar to the linear quadratic regulator formulation, the collaborative control formulation contains a number of additional design parameters because the problem is formulated as two control problems coupled together. The use of the freedom of the partitioning of the total problem into two coupled control problems and the selection of the elements of the cross-coupling matrices are specific problems ad-dressed in this paper. Examples are used to show that significant improvement in performance, as measured by realistic criteria, of collaborative control over conventional linear quadratic regulator control can be achieved by using proposed design guidelines.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2001.10a
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• pp.129.4-129
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• 2001

The looper control of hot strip finishing mill is one of the most important control item in hot strip rolling mill process. Loopers are placed between finishing mill stands and control the mass flow of the two stands. Another important action of the looper is to control the strip tension which influences on the width of the strip. So it is very important to control both the looper angle and the strip tension simultaneously but the looper angle and the strip tension are strongly interacted by each other. There are many control schemes such as conventional, non-interactive, LQ(Linear Quadratic), Hinf and ILQ(Inverse Linear Quadratic), Adaptive(gain scheduling) control in the looper control system. In this paper, we present the modeling for the looper of a hot strip finishing mill to control the tension of the strip and suggest another control method.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.333-340
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• 2018

This study aimed to estimate the effect of inoculant application level on chemical composition and bacterial count of fermented chestnut meal (FCM), and its rumen fermentation characteristics. The inoculant contained Lactobacillus acidophilus ($1.2{\times}10^{10}cfu/g$), Bacillus subtilis ($2.1{\times}10^{10}cfu/g$), and Saccharomyces cerevisiae ($2.3{\times}10^{10}cfu/g$). The chestnut meal mixed with molasses, double distilled water, and inoculant at 1 kg, 3 g, 480 mL, and 20 mL ratio for the basal chestnut meal diet. The double distilled water from basal chestnut meal diet was substituted with bacterial inoculant at a level of 0 (Control), 20 (Medium), and 40 mL (High) in the experimental diets. The mixed experimental diets were incubated at $39^{\circ}C$ for 7, 14, and 21 days, respectively. On 7 days of FCM incubation, the contents of crude protein (CP) (quadratic, P=0.043) and neutral detergent fiber (quadratic, P=0.071) decreased by increases of inoculant application levels, whereas bacterial count (quadratic, P=0.065) and rumen $NH_3-N$ (linear, P=0.063) increased. By increases of inoculant application levels on 14 days of FCM incubation, the increases were found on dry matter (DM) (quadratic, P=0.085), CP (quadratic, P=0.059), acid detergent fiber (quadratic, P=0.056), in vitro DM digestibility (linear, P=0.002), rumen total volatile fatty acid (VFA) (linear, P=0.057), and rumen iso-butyrate (linear, P=0.054). However, the decreases were found on bacterial count (linear, P=0.002), propionate (linear, P=0.099), and butyrate (quadratic, P=0.082). On 21 days of FCM incubation, in vitro DM digestibility (linear, P=0.002) and total VFA (linear, P=0.001) increased by increases of inoculant application levels, whereas the contents of CP (quadratic, P=0.034) and neutral detergent fiber (quadratic, P=0.047) decreased. These results indicate that the FCM with a medium level of inoculant application and 14 of fermentation had beneficial effects by increasing DM digestibility and rumen total VFA content, without altering bacterial count.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.2 no.3
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• pp.148-157
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• 1996

Availability of input trajectories corresponding to desired output trajectories is often important in designing control systems for batch and other transient processes. In this paper, we propose a predictive control-type model-based iterative learning algorithm which is applicable to finding the nominal input trajectories of a linear time-invariant batch process. Unlike the other existing learning control algorithms, the proposed algorithm can be applied to nonsquare systems and has an ability to adjust noise sensitivity as well as convergence rate. A simple model identification technique with which performance of the proposed learning algorithm can be significantly enhanced is also proposed. Performance of the proposed learning algorithm is demonstrated through numerical simulations.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2001.06b
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• pp.140-145
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• 2001

Various control algorithms are available to suppress the vibration of a system subjected to disturbances. LQ algorithm is simple and easy to implement the hardwares, but it lacks robustness for uncertainties and often causes difficulty in determining the weighting matrices. This study focuses on the effectiveness ILQ(Inverse Linear Quadratic optimal control) algorithm as the alternative to LQ applied to control the vibration of a building under the seismic excitation. The building is of moment resisting steel frames and assumed to behave within the elastic range. The brief overview of LQ and ILQ algorithms is introduced, and the displacement responses of the structure using ILQ algorithm are compared with those obtained from LQ control. The magnitude of control forces are also determined and compared for both LQ and ILQ algorithm.

• Journal of Power System Engineering
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.24-29
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• 2015

This paper designs a looper-tension controller for strip top-tail parts in hot strip finishing mills. A three-degree linear model of the looper-tension system is derived by a Taylor's linearization method, where the actuator's dynamics are ignored because of their fast responses. A feedforward shaping controller for the strip top part and a feedforward model reference controller for the strip tail part are respectively designed, they are combined with an ILQ(Inverse Linear Quadratic optimal control) feedback controller for the strip middle part. It is shown from by a computer simulation that the proposed controller is very effective to the strip top-tail parts including the middle part.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers
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• v.18 no.9
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• pp.2312-2321
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• 1994

In this work the dynamics of an electromagnetic levitation system is described by a set of three first order nonlinear ordinary differential equations. The objective is to design a digital linear controller which takes the inherent instability of the uncontrolled system and the disturbing force into consideration. The controller is made by employing digital linear quadratic(LQ) design methodology and the unknown state variables are estimated by the kalman filter. The state estimation is performed using not only an air gap sensor but also both an air gap sensor and a piezoelectric accelerometer. The design scheme resulted in a digital linear controller having good stability and performance robustness in spite of various modelling errors. In case of using both a gap sensor and an accelerometer for the state estimation, the control input was rather stable than that in a system with gap sensor only and the controller dealt with the disturbing force more effectively.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2004.08a
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• pp.1136-1141
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• 2004

This paper presents a control method for time-delay systems and verifies the performance of the designed control system via real experiments. Specifically, the control method is applied to a flexible-link system with time delays. The method combines time- and frequency-domain controllers: linear quadratic optimal controller (or LQR) and lag compensator. The LQR is used to stabilize the system in optimal fashion, whereas the lag compensator is used to compensate time-delay effects by increasing the delay margin of the system. With this methodology, the maximum allowable time delay can be increased significantly. The proposed method is simple but quite practical for time-delay system control as it is based on the conventional loop-shaping method, which gives practical insights on delay-phase relationship. Simulation and experiment results show that the method presented in this paper is feasible and practical.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2007.04c
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• pp.183-186
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• 2007

This Paper presents a solution to control the Brushless DC Motor(BLDCM) in Hard Disk Drive(HDD) using the Linear Quadratic Regulator(LQR). Generally, The speed of BLDCM in HDD is controlled by the lead angle control or the input voltage control using PAM(Pulse Amplitude Modulation) etc. These control methods have speed overshoot in speed control and need the long time until BLDCM reaches at the steady state. In order to improve the performance, this paper present the PI speed controller using the LQR based on vector control and the rotor position detection methods at the space vector PWM inverter. The proposed methods are proved by the simulation and experimental results.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2007.07a
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• pp.1102-1103
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• 2007

This Paper presents a solution to control the Brushless DC Motor(BLDCM) in Digital Lightening Processor(DLP) using the Linear Quadratic Regulator(LQR). Generally, The speed of BLDCM in DLP is controlled by the lead angle control or the input voltage control using PAM(Pulse Amplitude Modulation) etc. These control methods have speed overshoot in speed control and need the long time until BLDCM reaches at the steady state. In order to improve the performance, this paper present the PI speed controller using the LQR based on vector control and the rotor position detection methods at the space vector PWM inverter. The proposed methods are proved by the experimental results